T
"GOD'S ENGLISHMAN.”
AS OTHERS SEE US.
"England was innocent of the war; and she wont to war in innocency of spirit. She had never fought Germany; she had no idea of her methods of war- fare."
In this manner A. Chorrillon writs of England and the English in the levue de Faru. He proceeds:
1HE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1916
GREECE'S DEBT TO THE ALLIES,
CONTRASTED WITH HER DEBT TO
GERMANY AND AUSTRIA,
An idea of what Greece owes to the Allies, compared with her indebtedness to Germany and Austria, can be gained by glancing through the following balance
sheet drawn up by a contemporary pat
TO THE ALLIES.
War-for-her was a noble game, dan gorous and exciting, in which that people. stood to win whose men are the best; not the most intellectual or best educated,
(1.) Her existence. The Allies, by the -nos aven, maybe, the best armed; but the battle of Navarino, rescued the Grooks handsomcat, the healthket, the most eu-from the Turks, liberated them from the during, the most capable, quite apart mort degrading tyranny and guaranteed from their high spirits and humour, oftheir independence, patient energy, faithfulness to duty and tonacity of effort.
Such men the men of Kipling-Eng lish education and all the suggestions of the English environment, have never ceased to produce throughout every gradation of the social hierarchy; for Englishmen this typo is a human product special to Eng laud; it constitutes her peculiar strength,
(2.) Her territorial aggrandizement. in the newly-created State, England To show, in a practical form, her interest orded the loinn Islands to the new In. dependent and constitutional Monarchy."
GREAT BRITAIN'S WEALTH.
AN AMERICAN SURVEY.
THE FRIENDSHIP OF GERMANY.
[BY "AN ENGLISHMAN."] The successful placing of the Anglo- French loan in America has led a writer Many excellent persons are vexing their in The Wall Street Journal to present souls with the thoughts of how we shall some interesting figures no the debt of Great Britain in relation to her wealth test the Germans after the war. Shall wo show how present conditions compare giveness! Shall we invite them to our and income, and more particularly to exted to them the benign privilege of for with those of 1818, the year which follow-chimney corners that they may enjoy there ed the close of the long Napoleonic wars. He brings out the interesting point that the pleasures and kindly offices of friend- Great Britain's debt in 1016 will be less ship'T. her debt was three times her annual than her annual income, whereas in 1816, income,
Following are points in this article:
"In the period of about one hundred the highest return to be had from English years which elapsed from 1811 to 1914,
and consola was in the period between 1811
the
Forgivencas standa not within our com- petence. At prosent in is our duty to ide- vete the last ounce of our strength to do feating Germany in the field. And whe ing of peace depends loss upon us than ther we are able to forgivo after the sign- upon her. If after due punishment Ger- 5.68 per cent, was reached, although in make proper reparation for the harm
1820, when the high basis of
many confesses her eing, and is willing to the same period the low yield was 3.56 (3.)-Her salvation. In 1897, when por cent. In the period between 1851 and which she has done in pride and wanton- Greece attacked Turkey, and the Greek 1860, the high and low yields were respec- there cannot be absolution in that contes. nees. Forgiveness may bo possible. But army, under the present King Constantively 3.68 per cent. and $.94 per pentsion, and no one who has watched the self- which has always managed to pull her defeated, the Allied Powers, France, Eug-period 1881 to 1900, when the range was sufficiency of the Germans growing within
tine, the Crown Prince, was hopelessly The lowest yield was reached in land and Russia, intervened to prevent between 2.95 and 2.41 per cent. In the the last twenty years can have much hope Turkey from overrunning the Kingdom next decade the range was between 3.19 that even defeat will bring with it a just and from utterly crushing, if not exter- and 2.68 per cent. In the three years, humility of spirit. minating, the Greeks,
1911 to 1914, inclusive, the range was be
That friendship will or should be pos- (4.)-Her financial regeneration and the tween 3.61 and 3.04 per cent. During this sible between Germans and Englishmen for liberation of Greek territory. After the period, as pointed out by Harvey Fiska generation I refuse to believe. It has disastrous war of 1897, Greece was called & Sons, in a recently published statement, nor existed with any warmth or constancy upon to pay to Turkey an indemnity of the nation was growing in population in the past. The ties, which have bound us one hundred million francs, Turkey and in wealth. This is strikingly set remaining in occupation of Thessaly until forth in the folowing table which gives lightly enough to the subjects of the Kai- the indemnity was paid off. In order to statistics after the Napoleonic wars, the ser, have been chiefly the Lies of commerce. fice the Greeks from the invaders pre-Crimean War, and in 1014:—
We have bought and sold together; we once, France, England and Russia raised loan-at only 2 per cent, interest-to pay the indemnity,
through the most desperate crises,
In this English type, there lives, more or less clearly manifested, the old idea of chivalry, in its origin Christian and, Western, which the national literature of the nineteenth century had taken up afresh and which a Carlyle, a Ruskin, a Kingsley, and Tennyson had preached and sung, while adapting it to the needs of an industrial and modern century the noble French and English idea which the Germans have mocked. Was it not Mommsen who threw this sorcakin at France A people that has invented only one superior type-the Chevaliora In the England of to-day the Chevalier or Knight is known by a term, the mean ing, entirely moral, and prestige of which are very powerful: the gentleman"; and he still remaing in essence the Chris-an tian.
"THE ACCEPTED MODEL
In his modern form he is the accepted model; the ideal type whose particular virtues the nation such sete itself to copy; these virtues are strength and at the same time restraint, modesty of gesture and expression, silent subordina tion of the safish instincts and the con-. quering appetite to the will for justice and truth,
By the side of France in whom lives a very similar ideal of the same origin but without its Protestant tingo, and in fact, tinged with Rationalism - and against an aggressivo Germany as yet not known to bo steeped in the cult of force and brutal instinct, in the demoniac religion of Nietzsche and in the memories of Germanio
paganism; England has arisen like a
gentle"
and Christian folk, conceiving a war only after the fashion of "gentlemen and Christians.
She is also a nation of "sportsmen in the almost entirely moral sense whier this latter torta has come to acquire in the last fifteen or twenty years; vignily- ing an ethic of new and special charac teristics that have arisen from the tice of sports, that daily and almost ex assive activity of the whole nation.
"
ртас
A
sporting mation, anxious, os hor
(5.)-Her rescue to-day. Powers, France, England and Russia, are fighting incidentally to save Greces from Austro German- Bulgaro Turkish
Forde.
TO AUSINO-GERMANY.
Population.
20,000,000
47,000,000 29,000,000
National ine, per annum, The Allied £2,400,000,000 £700,000,000 £304,000,000
Taxation per annum. £104,000,000 £88,000,000 £62,000,000
An excess inc, over tax. £2,236,000,000 £634,000,000 £238,000,000 National debt. £706,000,000 £835,000,000 £885,000,000
* 1837.
(1.)-Austria's refusal to help the Greeka.. Said Metternich: "In rebel- ling against the Sultan Mahmoud, the Grecks are rebelling against their legitis. mate sovereign, and therefore ought to be severely_dealt with."
(2)Her first King. Otto of Bavaria His rule was a brutally oppressive and humiliating that the Greeks, at last, rose in revolt "and" drove him out of the country.
(3.In this crisis, both Germany and Austria refused to raise even a finger to rescue the Greeks from the consequences of their escapade,
(4.)-Again Germany displayed.com- plete indifference and refused to take any
Fart in the work of redeeming Grosce from the Turks.
(5.) To off-set that all that Germany ku, given Greece is her present King, Constantine, who has broken his word and vorn up his treaty with Serbia as a mere
ap of paper."
THE GREEK THRONE.
WHAT ADMIRAL TUFNELL DID FOR IT.
A
people sty, "to play the gaine," that is. to play it scrupulously, without feelings of hatred, without ever letting the desire to win lead to infringement of the rule yot also holding her adversary in respect Gette discusses the present complication correspondent of the Pall Mall as one worthy of her, and being glad. whether winner or loser, to shake him recce, and, associated with that, what loyally by the hand after the contest is duess this parallel from the past history be torms King Tino's Peril." He ad-
of Greece, all the more interesting because it was the tact of Admiral L. G. Tufnell (well remembered as Capt. Tufnell on the China Station aboat fifteen years ago) that composed the very acute difficulty of that time';---
TVOT.'
WAR EXPENDITURE.
INTERESTING ANALYSIS BY AN
EXPERT..
Tho Staftet recently republished in book form the international Banking Section, the most interesting pretion of which relates to the question of the actual cost
THE MILITARY LEAGUE,
To those who know the neture of the relations which exist botwoor the Sover- eign and his people, the attitude of the King seems altogether perilous. Majesty must assuredly recollect how
His
JAVA-CHINA JAPAN LIJN
REGULAR. FORTNIGHTLY SERVICE BETWEEN JAVA, CHINA AND JAPAN.
ŠTJANEZ
Геом
EXPECTED ON OR ABOUT
WILL LEAVE
ON OR ABOU
TJIKEMBANG
• TJILIWONG
• TJJBODAS TJIMANODK.,
in port
in prt
..
MAKASSAR
MAKASSAR
8th Jan.
15'b Jan.
6th Jan
4th Jan.
11th Jan.
BHANGHAI
BATAVIA
KOBE
• Wirelem Telegraphy.
The Steamers are all atted throughout with Electric Light and have accommodation for Emited number of Baloon Passengers, All steamers carry a duly qualified surgeon. Cargo taken at through rates to all porta in Netherlands India and Australia,”
For Particulars of Freight and Pasage, apply to the
York Bulidings, 1st Floor.
Hongkong, 3rd January, 1916
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN. Telephone No. 1574.
JAVA-PACIFIC
LIJN.
REGULAE MONTHLY SERVICE BETWEEN
JAVA, MAKASSAR, MANILA, HONGKONG & SAN FRANCISCO.
Sailings Subject to Chango Wi-hout Notice.
~Bicamora
have met as rivals, with alternations "of gain and lows, in the markets of the world. But these are ties which are broken as easi of peace. And now that war has rudely ly as they are made even in th tranquillity
saupped them asunder they are not likely to be re-knit. For the rest, between us and them there is no real bond, Millions of Englishmen have sever seen a German ARAKAN..... in their lives, and knew not until the Kai- ser's army burst upon Belgium a year ago The debt per capita in 1816 was £44 of what temper and talent the German TJISONDARI
On March 31st, 1914, the debt per ww Why then, should we make friends capita was only £15. On the other hand, ly as they are made even in the tranquillity with a nation, always remote from us, mere- income per capita had increased from $15 in 1816 to 251 Is, in 1914, while taxation upon us and carried out that attack with per capila had increased only from £3 unexampled cruelty and ruthlessness. It je TJIKEMBANG is, to 23 Ba..
not indeed upon this doctrine of ferocity. "Since the commencement of war the-Sekreklichkeit the Germans call it that following loans have been made:
we shall build the firm and lasting edífics, War-loan 3 per cent,
of international friendship. Exchequer bondy net, 3 per
£350,000,000
34,000,000
222,000,000 600,000,000
cent.. Treasury bills, 18/8 to 3 7/8 New war-loan, 4 per cent....
per cont
KARIMOEN
From
Expes' ed
Will leave
For
JAVA
1915.
5th. Jan.
1916.
ath Jan.
SAN FRANCISCO.
JAVA
7th Feb.
11th Feb.
JAVA
9th March. 13th March,
JAVA
7th April
11th April.
The Steamers are all fitted throngboat with electric light and have aonomimodation for a limited number of Baloon Famongers, All Steamers carry a daly qualified surgeon. Cargo taken at through ratea to all Common Orerland Points in the United States of Amerira and Canada.
For Particulars of Freight and Passage, apply to
Tork Building, Hongkong, 2016 November, 1915.
JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN
MANAGING AGENTS.
LIJN,
[04
FRENCH AND ENGLISH VAIENDSHIP. Those are always our closest friends with whom wo share our arts, our dreams, our intellectual pleasures. Only a few eccen- tries have found in Germany their spiri £1,206,000,000 tual home. For nearly a thousand years "It is estimated by the Chancellor of French and English have been true kins the Exchequer that there will be & fur-men of the intelligence. It is not for no- ther addition to the debt by the close of thing that the first fragment of the Bible the fiscal year, March 31st, 1916, of about in Norman French was transated on Eng- THE TAIKO0 DOCKYARD
Total
£288,000,000, which will make the entire lish soil, that in England, too Was Com debt of the nation on that date approzi posed that proud epic, the "Chanson de mately £2,200,000,000, or about £47 per Roland." The literary intimacies, thus capita.
pakistanskom early established, have grown with the *This compares with £44 78, per capita yours. If Voltaire learned how to write in in 1818. Then, however, the accumulated our stubborn tongue, Gibbon returned the wealth was only £9,500,000,000, while to compliment by expressing his weightier day this is estimated at £17,000,000,000, thoughts in the idiom of Voltaire, Always The income of the British people for there has been between the two peoples estimated debt on March 31st next will this fiscal year, it is estimated, will be 22,400,000,000,000. That is to say, the be well inside of one year's income, while years' income. in 1816 the debt was equivalent to thres
the annual income of Great Britain for Comparison of the national debt and the years 1916 and 1816 in round figures is given as follows:-
a1916
1910
have read their books; they have read liberal exchange, a free trade in ideas, which not even warfare has checked. We
OUT. We have kept before us the samOS ains, the same idents. We have turned and with equal impulse. If we have fought from classic to romantic simultaneously like suddenly estranged brothers like bre- thers we have made it up. When peace was made ofter Waterloo thousands of
AND ENGINEERING CO. OF HONGKONG, LTD. TAIKOO DOCKYARD. HONGKONG. SHIPBUILDERS, SALTORS AND REPAIRERS, BOILERMAKERS BRASS AND IRON FOUNDERS, CONSTRUCTIONAL, ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS. WELDING AND CUTTING OF METALS BY OXY-ACETYLENT Estimates given for quick construction and repair of Ships, Engines, AND ELECTRIC SYSTEMS.
Boilers, Railway Rolling Stook, Bridges, and all Classes of Engineering Iron and Wood Work. GRAVING DOCK-787' by 88' by 84' 6"
Pumps Empty Dock in 2-8/4 hours.
National debt. £2,200,000,000 £900,000,000 Englishmen flocked to Paris, rejoiced in Annus] income
2,500,000,000 300,000,000 heart that one again they were fren to Proportion &
visit the cherished home of their spirit and debt to income
88- 300%
Fintellect, Who will wish to revisit Berlin «Estimated.
after the war1 Nobody-not even Lord THREE PATENT SLIPWAYS taking vessels up to 3,000 tons dlspinsement, providing
conditions for painting ships with most efficient resulta. "Back of the 47,000,000 people of the Haldane,
100-Ton ELECTRIC CRANE ON QUAY-ELECTRIC OVERHEAD CRANES tirues, there are 393,000,000 in the either by men or nations. United Kingdom," the statement con- Friendships cannot be made with levity throughout the Shops ranging to 100 Tons, when Crown Prince, both he and his colonies. Back of the 121,000 square milca right to pledge ourselves to those whose AGENTS FOR
We have no 50-Ton Hydraulis TESTING MACHINE for Chains, Wire Ropes, Rivets, sio. of the war, as compared with the nominal thers, were made to endure almost unheard of the British Isles are over 12,000,000 thoughts and habits are not ours. Instino-
of indignities at the hands of a largo
JOHN 1. THORNYCROFT & On this point the profit
CO., LTD. PETROL and KEROSENE MARINE MOTOES 7-1/2 to 150 B.H.P.
As supplied ic the British Admiralty and War Office. MOTOR VESSELS, LIGHT DRAFT CARRIERS, GUNBOATS, LAUNCHEŁ
HOUSEBOATS and PLEASURE CRAFT OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MOTOR PUMPING and LIGHTING SETS, MOTOR VEHICLES, Ero.
the Town Ofis,
nounts which are popularly supposed to bo expended.
section of his present subjects. In 1909, square miles of arable, mineral, or timber lively we approach in temper and charac- following upon the unsuccessful war with lands in every section of the world. Back In calculating the amount of wealth Turkey two years before the misfortunes of the estimated wealth of Great Britain ler 10 friends whom we admit to our inti- destroyed by the was it is essential to ia connection with which were attributed of £17,000,000,000 is the untold wealth of macy. There is a subtlety in the relation at once insidious and full of danger. If recollect that the great armice now ell (as it afterwards transpired, incorrectly) her colonies.
wo open our heart to a man and he in re- gaged in fighting, numbering some seven-
to the faulty leadership of the Crown WHAT INCOME TAX88 ENGLISHMEN WILL PAY. teen millions of men, would in any case Prince-there had been formed the Mili The new English income tax proposals turn opens his to us we take as much as we give, and if we gain something which have to be maintained out of ordinary tary League, composed of the whole of the appear to be more drastic than they were income, and that the war expenditures active army officers, who passed with at first thought to be. The basis of the wo knew not before we lose in the inter- Dockyard Managers, on be seen between the hours of 11 AM. and 12 Noor have been attended by a great reduction hardly a disentient voice a resolution tax is broadened to as much as 25 per change that which we might be wiser to in domestic expenditure. A large part forbidding the Crown Prince, or, indeed. cent. On earned incomes it amounts to keep. We have watched the Germans at
BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE. of the money expended for war is, in any member of the Royal House, to hold about 28. id. in the pound. At present work since in August, 1814, they tore up a deed, maintaining not only the armies. any command as
This was follow-
of
THOS,
but vast numbers of people engaged in interests of the Army atal to the best on an earned income of, 127, 5200 per scrap of paper and committed murder TALIPHONE No. 112 production and distribution. Probably ed by a mutiny of the Navy, which, how the tax is 18. 8d. in the £ on 240 upon a whole people, And thereafter they In future the tax will be 2s, I did deeds and found excuses for them one-half of the people of Great Britain ever, was soon suppressed. For over four on £80 of the £200; while those with which no honoumble man could overlook or are being maintained out of the war ex-years a bitter feed raged between the incomes of over £130 are to be taxed on palliate Shall we, then, whose choice is penditures, and the domestic expenditures Crown and the Services; no member of the same basis. The total amounts given large and unfettered, create a new friend- of the nation are, more of loss, correspond the King's family would attend any in the following table are these payable ship where no friendship was, with a ne- ingly reduced. And a similar situation military function or consent, to meet any
in respect of a year's income, but under tion which has outraged whatever we hold must exist in other belligerent countries. officer at a mutual friend's house, the new method of collection taxes, it is sacred and from which we have nothing to Hence it is erroneous to assume that the army officer was invited to Court. said, can be paid in four quarterly iustal-expect of artistic or intellectual sympa wealth of the belligerent countries is
ments. Calculations as reproduced below thy being reduced to the full extent of the
cover the tax only of the man with no war expenditures or of the war loans that
children are boing created.
No
BRITISH ADMIRALİS TAT... Strangely
enough, it was the happy thought of an Englishman--Vice-Admiral The net cost of the war to the belliger Lionel G. Tufnell, then in command of ents is about one half its total cost; and the British Naval Commission to Greece-- of the not cost about two-thirds are being which affected the eventual rapproche provided out of the normal savings of the ment. Although meeting with no encour belligerent nations and about one-third agement From the British Legation at out of the savings of noutral countries. Athens, Admiral Tufnell organized, on- Altogether about three-fourths of the tirely at his own expense, at the Grand savings of the entire world are being em- Hotel de Bretagne, generous entertain- ployed to meet the cost of this world- ment to which officers of both Services wide conflict, In May of last year the were invited, and at which—to the great world's wealth was growing at the rate surprise of even the host himself both of upwards of three thousand million the Crown Prince, his two brothers, and pounds sterling a year. In the past his elder son consented to he prosont. twelve months, in consequence_of_the_war So tactfully was everything arranged- and of the financial and economic dis- and a single faxe par upon the turbances caused by the war, the increase of either host or guest might have easily has been not more than a thousand mil precipitated catastrophe that the lion sterling, and in the current twelve Princes departed once more excellent months of maximum var expenditures the friends with every oue, and deeply grate addition to the world's wealth on balance ful to the enterprising, British officer may be not more than a few hundred mil- | who had effected so desirable a .recon- lions of pounds sterling,
ciliation.
part
“As soon as the war comes to an end, however, and wealth is no longer being dafroyed as it is now, the accumulation of which by the whole world should again capital after the wor is over may indeed. be at the rate of over three thousand mil. he go great that the vast amount of wealth lions a year. If the belligerent nations now being destroyed, will be rapidly re- become increasingly efficient and hard covered, and it may be that the economic working in consequence of the discipline effects of the war will disappear sooner of war, the expansion in the world's pro- than anyone now ventures to hope for er duobiva power and in iḥ sebumulated – daros to unioniste,
Weekly Salary
2. d.
2 16 0 300 rese 210 D... 40 0
4 10 0 si 1994-
5 10 0 60.0 6 10
7. 00
7-10-0
8 0 0
Annua] Tex
2. d.
2 8 4 3168 6, 10 4 A 48 11 19 4
8.8
17
20 3 4 22 18,0 25 12 8 28-74 20 Annual Tax.
£
0
3917-10- 45 3 8
Yearly Salary
450********* 500
550
600
650
00 18
0
700
06
3
760-
78 15 0
850
900
950 1,000
89 5. 0 94" 10" 0 99 15. 10 105 0 0 SUPER TAX.
Annual Salary:
£5,000.....
10,000 100,000
Annual Tax-
£ 1,020
34,029
GERMANS NO NOT WANT UB.
And suppose that wo were willing after the conflict to open our homes to our fom, what would the Germans say to our amis bility i They would deteer in it a spice of hypocrisy; they would suspect some hidden signs of self-seeking. Tho truth is, the Germans do not want, our friendship. Of all peoples in the world they are the least spt for intimacies be yond their border. It is their boast that they are self-contained and self-sufficient. They hate for many years cultivated a kind of parochial arrogance which is proof against the softer blandisments of ami-
HONGKONG, CHINA, AND JAPAN, AGENTS, Telegraphic Addresa :-- TAIXOO DOCK,
COOK & SON
TOURIST. STEAMSHIP AND FORWARDING, AGENTS,
BANKERS. 80.
HONGKONG—SHANGHAI—YOKOHAMA-MANILA.
[28
TICKETS SUPPLIED to EUROPE by the principal STEAMSHIP LINES SHA
TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILWAY."
TOURS arranged to ALL PARTS of the WORLD. BAGGAGE.Dollected, forwarded and insured at lowest rates. LETTERS of CREDIT and CIRCULAR NOTES ISSUED sed UASHED, FOREIGN MONIES Fachanged.
Cook's "FAR EASTERN TRAVELLER'S GAZETTE,” containing Sailings and Faren from the Far East to all parts of the World, will be forwarded free on application,
CHIEY OFFICE:==LUDGATH CIRCUB, LONDON, E.0. Hongkong, 3rd July, 1914.
able acquaintance: Their literature is force their own partacular mode of civilisa-prstence of friendship, have proved them- their own, and with rare exception lies out- tion upon other nations Now that desire selves always surry guests. They have de side the current of our thought. They ex-is no far basis of friendship. Some coun- Bired to turn their intimacies to good as press themselves in an art which is unintel-tries go ahead, some countries lag behind, count, They have accepted the hospita Eligible to the rest of Europe. If the fan but each, even the humblest of them, prelity of strengers while they were spies at tastic images of the Alley of Victory befers to follow the proper line of its own de heart, In times of peace they have tra- masterpieces of sculpture, then is sculpvelopment and to grow in accord with its velled abroad that they might “salt” Cute a lost are elsewhere than in Berlin. own temperament. Even if Prussia were, friendly countries with their agents and They will still ge their way and we shall which it never was our will be, the only prepare victories by the ugly method of go our happily coough, and in the no home of culture, it could not dump this pacific penetration," So, despite the tural divergence we shall find no ground commodity upon other shares as it dumps sentimentalists who abound in our must, for a reluctant friendship.
lamp-glasses and dyed cloths. Moreover, and who regard the Germans as brands to For yet another reason the Germans the Germans forget that true friendship be picked from the burning, we shall make ill friends. They do not woderstand should not be marred by the thought of withhold our forgiveness yet awhile, and an equality of life and thought. They pro profit. It must flourish, if it flourish at determine they after the war no ill wishing 1 fess that one cause of the war wm on over all of itself and for its own sake. And the stranger shall again attempt to share with -whelming desire, which swayed them, to Germans wherever they hare brought a us the mastery of our hearth and home.