THE DARDANELLES.
·PROSPECTS OF THE GALLIPOLI CAMPAIGN.
NO CAUSE FOR PESSIMISM.
THE
EXPEDITION SALONIKA,
VIEWS IN ITALY.
TO
A DIFFICULT TASK
THE HONGKONG DAILY FEESS, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 22ND, IV15,
Sir Ian Hamilton was accorded a hearty recoption on his arrival at Vie- toria Stroot Station on October 23rd. Writing from Rome last month, Dr. E. J. He was, apparently, in the best of health, Dillen said: What M. Viviani said about and seemed cheerful. As he drove off there were great cheers from the crowd, complete accord existing between France including wounded men from the and Great Britain may with equal truth Dardanelles. General Hamilton appeur: be prodicated of the harmony prevailing ed much touched by his reception," and amiled his acknowledgments.
between the Consulta and the London For Speaking to his friends subsequently, eign Office. I am, unfortunately, not free Sir Ian was full of praise for all ranka te enter into details, the knowledge of of Australians and New Zealanders, and which would dispel those appearances that said he was deeply touched by the magni-Jend colour to the opposite belief. The ficcat send-off accorded him at Anzao. co-operation between Italy and the Allies No worldly honours could give him although, like that of Japan, not obvious satisfaction equal to the goodwill of the to the public-is admitted by all three heroes of Anzac,
Chancelleries to have assumed such forms In an interview granted to a repre
as are congruous with Italy's resources and Bentative of the Paris Jaurnal, he said he had no knowledge of where he was to other conditions, and to have reached the be sent now, but he trusted that his highest attainabio degree of intensity, and period of inactivity would be very short. to be capable of adaptation to future con Ho paid a tribute to the dash and gallon-ditions, which will presumably, differ try of the French troops, particularly the materially from those of to-day. Algerians. The British troops, he added wore alike splendid, from the Cockney to the Australian and New Zealander..
|
THE RUSH OF THE ALLIES AT SOUCHEZ,
WAVE ON WAVE OF MEN
FIELD
POKER.”
PLAYING FOR NO MAN'S LAND.”.
Every fighting soldier has a certain admiration for the German as a fighter, Secon mines, each ecntaining 100 writes Mr. W. Beach Thomas, or at any pounds of powder, were exploded with a rate as a professor of soldiery in most of its branches. He puts up a jolly terrific rons, as soon as the signal was good defence. He works like a mig him. I take what off to him every given for the French advance at Souchez, ger. We spend our time in copying according to the story of an eye-witness titu."
of the battle,
"Simultaneously," he said, "our meu leaped out of their trenches and made for the German trenches before a forest.
The Germans boited through the woods, pursued by our first wave Sections of the second wave explored the ruined trenches and underground shelters, which often were twenty feet deep. As they had no desire to go down into these holes, whence it seemed un likely they would come out alive, our men dropped bombs and fired shotguns through the openings, which effectually prevented the occupants from coming out and attacking us in the rear.
"The majority of our men followed the Germans, who were running like hares through the woods.
They such captured the secund line of trenches in the middle of the forest and went on some even crossing the Souchez break or coming up the sunken road lending to Angres, but the Germans brought up reserve, and tried to surround us. This manoeuvre was foiled, however; by our officers, who drew our men back to the first line captured,
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These are commonplaces of criticism among our soldiers, even those who feel that they have the mastery of the Ger- man in any band-to-hand work. We gain nothing by refusing to “give cho devil his due." It is no subtraction from our hatred of German crucity and greed and wild ambition to dominate the world to acknowledge that he is very hard to beat whether he attacks or defends.
Above all he is admired by the men opposed to bim for his skill in the con- trol of No Man's Land," that terrible space which has separated the front trenches for eleven months or more. The German soldier, though no mean hawk, is supreme be an owl; for only night- birds and vermin frequent this Stygian shore. Many ghosts are seen wandering there. It is a landscape made by burst- ing shells and stretched wire and the debris of human disaster; and cach bit of it needs the precisest local knowledge among those who are vagrant there. Herein lies one source of German skill, The value of such precise acquaintanco is recognised. The owl patrols" are as constant oach to its own locality and pair of owls in an English spinney.
They know where the rat-runs are and the tussocks where the mice play. There is good reason for believing that the Ger man Army had so clearly envisaged the theatre, their equipment, transport, and
sort of fighting which was to be expected that they had trained men in the peculiar art of what one may call jockeying for concentration, will enormously enhance
control in No Man's Land. At any rate the merits of victory when scored over four hostile nations who have been so long pre-
"The German artillery was not idle,since winter they have for some time ARAKAN.. paring for the enterprise at their leisure, The Giolittist Stampa publishes an article either, but sent at us a steady stream employed patrols whose sole work is to which virtually declares the entire expedi- of shells which ploughed up the earth all specialise in this form of fighting, just The German Army as a tion to be chiruerical and Italian co-opera- around us without doing much harm as they have specially trained battalions TJISONDARI tion undesirable for a number of reasons, This fire was borne philosophically, for uf snipers,
since they have had their new steel whole shoots vastly less well than ours. most of which have been suppressed by the helmets our men didn't fear wounds in The reason is that it is not trained in KARIMOEN .
shooting because, here as in every other the hard.
department, the job is given over to a group of specialists,
-The Gurnale d'Italia writes: -"We have renson to believe that it is out of the ques tion, at present at any rate, that Italy should undertake to despatch a military WORTH THE UNDERTAKING.
But, although Have we failed at the Dardanelles i is contingent to the East. s question which Sir Conan Doyle under- not participating materially in the expedi- takes to answer in a striking article in tion, our country brings a most efficacious the Daily Chronicle. In a plea for contribution to the common cause.” optimism and the cessation of unreason- Judges whose views I have sought and able and pessimistic criticism, Sir Conan obtained, because they are intrinsically Doyle writes: There is great con- valuable, profess to be more struck by the trast between the German and British dihenities of the Balkan expedition than Dif- Pross of the last few months; set in our by its prospect of ultimate success. heart of hearts we are as certain of vic-ficulties arising frons the number of men tory as of to-morrow's sunrise. Lock at requisite, from their distance from the war the work of the past fourteen months. We have annexed the German colonies, swept the German Bag, imperial and cominercial, from the ocean, repelled the German submarines, conquered southern Mesopotamia, and, greatest of all, raised
an
enormous voluntary army. The znost severe critic in the whole world ean only point to one place where we have failed, namely, the Dardanelles. But has there been failure there!
"I believe that if we never force the Straits the enterprise, nevertheless, will have been worth the undertaking. Wehave held up a great body of the best Turkish troops which otherwise would have been operating against us or the Russiens. Sir Ian Hamilton has taken off the pres sure from Maxwell on one side, and Nixon on the other; but the greatest result is that the campaign has thorough- ly united us to Russia, who know we have spent our blood and ships in trying to for the gates enclosing her. Again, we have drawn the Central Powers on to a southern advance, with the immediate result of bringing in the Serbians, who, for nearly a year, had been practically neutral. Could the Contral Powers advanco on Constantinople with the Allies entrenched on their flank?
After tracing the operations on tho west front and at sea, Sir Conan Doyle ::adds: "It seems to me that, we have nade remarkably few mistakes, and have been wonderfully fortunate 11 our loaders. If we search the glorious pages of British history we will not find a man so atted by nature and training for his work as Lord Kitchener. His cold, mathematical brain, his power of think ing in terms of the year after next, his enduring and inflexible will, make an ideal leader, Unreasonable criticism only tends to dishearten our best men. We have no cause for pessimism. Would the Turks welcome the army of Bulgars,
their hereditary enemies?
It is too early to say we have failed in the Dardanelles. Mr.
Winston Churchill has been criticised for saying that we were only a few miles from vie tory; yet that statement was obviously
truc. Had he said a few months from victory the criticism would have been in telligible. What he meant was, that if we had won the victory the prize would be immediately in cur hands. Mr. Churchill: did not underrate the formid. able nature of the task. It is surely too early to write off the Dardanelles on the debit side of our accuuat.”
SRBING THE SHOW THROUGH,
Censor.
During the night the Germans forti fed themselves in the woods, but at day break our artillery stopped the work by a furious bombardment. The evening before, the forest presented the usual aspect, but in a few minutes all was changed. One after another the were mowed down by shells..
GERMAN GUNNERS, BUSY.
trees
At 1 o'clock in the afternoon the guns ceased firing and we were ordered Machine guns which to attack again. the Germans had placed on their flank were soon put out of action. It was difficult going in the woods. The men stumbled over branches, but on the other hand holes torn in the ground by shells gave shelter against machine gun fire.
Italian military experts express the fer- vent hope that the Triple Entente will organise the Balkan expedition with an eye to coherency of plan and adequacy of means and with the closest attention to Miscalculations like concrete details. those which characterised the Darda nelles expedition would entail much more sinister consequences, if repeated in the It is right that the British Balkans, nation should be apprised of this signifiin cant fact."
GREECE AND THE ENTENTE Greece's attitude is conditioned by the formal arrangement made between the Kaiser and King Constantine, and can be modified in our favour, if at all, only by the irresistible pressure of circumstances which have yet to bo created. stantine's object is to redeem the pledge given to his brother-in-law without incur ring the anger of the Allies, whose com mand of the sea pats Greece at their mercy.
King-Con-
Hence M. Venizelos is kept on hand to be ready for an emergency, just as the Bulgarian Russophile Ministers, Danef and Malinoff, were retained by Ferdinand of Coburg for an analogous purpose. is desirable that the British people and the Allies should realise the peremptory need there now is for that complete union in
It
essentials which we are assured already prevails among them. On this subject assert, with first-hand knowledge to guide me, that no condition is more indispensable
to success or more difficult of renlisation.
I have just received a telegram from a
The guns were cunningly concealed pits covered with steel plates. The barrels, protruding through narrow slits, were invisible from a distance and they sent at us a withering fire. From behind tree stumps and from the pits our men kept hurling a constant stream of bombs and soon drove the Germans out of the woods, which remained in our
hands."
"GERMANS GRENLENT For several days the Gormans had been getting singularly aggressive sud insolent," said one of the wounded men who charged at Bouchez They shouted insults at us and ang into our tronches notes wrapped around pebbles. One of their favourite taunts was You are too cowardly to come over here come on if you are not too lazy. This ended by getting on our nerves.
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I do not suggest that in regard to worse than the British; but it is quite rifle fire the German method is better or certain their snipers from the dager battalions are excellent, and that the vice boen-use they have remained more night patrols have done very good ser- or less epastant to one place, not neces sarily changing with the change of troops, and because they have confined themselves to the special sort of work. Such specialising peculiarly suits the German character, as doubtless, it does not suit ours.
of the work in No Man's Land is little more than a sort of trickery; a game of bluff, a kind of field poker
Thanks to nature, to long practice, ned to those Ab Sin devices which en- able him to read the enemy's cards, the German player at field poker is very quick to suit his game to his company. lie is bolder against any enemy who has newly arrived.
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He is aware of the widely different methods of some Eng- fish, Scottish, and Canadian troops. There is a tale that some Canadian. troops, busy on this occasion in night digging, tried the historic method of Romulus when his wall was o'erleapt. and laid out a German patrol with spades and shovels. Many little dodges are tried by these permanent specialists on any regiment which is held to be On one occasion, when the intervening lazier or less cunning than the ordinary. space was left quite uncontrolled, the whole interval way fooded with petrol and paraffin, which was presently fired and very nearly led to the losing of the foroc and rapidity of which was incr
trench. Linguistic skill is a recognised dible, was the smallness of our loss, qualification for the night patrol; and Personally I saw no one killed. Things here, of course, the Germans surpass us, changed, however, when we got between though perhaps the knowledge acquired the first and second line of trenches, by the night-time listeners is not very grent. Still, it is a recognised part of Until our supporting wave arrived No Man's Land tactics, and it has underwent the united fire of both lines. It was then that a fragment of shell great, if rather terrible, fascination for broke my arm and put me out of action some of the experts. I know of one more than middle-aged man who has Another man wounded in the fighting spent most of his days in a London office between Perthes and Tahure said:
"We took the offensiva at 9.30. I who has developed a gening for ap shall never forget the spectacle of our proaching trenches, and is never happy wave of assault. A seething mass of unless crawling out at night, towards the mea, clothed in uniforms hardly two of German trenches and listening to some which were alike, but all animated by Fritz's guttural consonants. After many years he has found his vocation and got the same energy, joined the charge. was in a stream that passed four lines the reward of his idiomatic knowledge of trenches in four jutaps. We ran like of Berlin German. madmen forward, always forward, al ways forward. At one we fronted at a distance of not more then ten yards by a 17-mm, gun, still firing. It was soon silenced. Then I was hit in the chest by a bullet and it was all over for me,
Thus, when at 12.45 on the 25th the order came which sent us against hill No. 119, we were filled with joy. I was in the first' wave! We made one dash for the German trenches. Fifty yards from the goal machine guns took us, but we put on speed and jumped over the first trench without stopping. We knew the second Wave which followed would person who quitted Bulgaria Rome dayspy the trench we passed
What struck me about this rush, the after mobilisation had begun. He affirms that perfect order reigns there, and that no mutinous conduct and no resistance to the Government came to his cognisance The Parliamentary. Oppositional chiefs are all silent, submissive, and helpful. The Germans wield paramount influenco in military matters, The Bulgarian people and Government are more united Mr. Ashmead Bartlett, in an article in than any other nation excepting Germany, the Daily Telegraph, states that the and profess confidence in Greece's sustain- Dardanelles expedition provides an exed neutrality.-Daily Telegraph. cellent example of the British people's peculiar habit of conceiving great schemes and rushing them at a moment's nolice without counting the cost. correspondent says:Our officers and men have wonderful ability to adapt themselves to circumstances. This takes the place of the years of study devoted Our to war by foreign general staffs. methods allows us gradually to pile up our weight. When we lost three battle- ships at the Dardanelles observers nearest to the operations believed that the ex- pedition was doomed to failure; when an army, inadequate in numbers, ap- peared this opinion was not changed. Now the views of those on the spot are changing to admiration and realisation that we are determined to see the show through.
The
OUR TROOPS IN GREECE
HOW THE DESIGNS OF THE ENEMY WERE FRUSTRATED.
Strangely enough, the three railway lines which branch out from Balonike, and which were to carry the French and British troops to the aid of Serbia, were owned and still managed by Austrians and Germans, and instructions had been sent from Berlin to obstruct the move- ment of the Allied troops, and even to in- pede the Greek mobilisation by every available means.
The last fleet has enormous respon sibilities in guarding the flanks of the army After the Goliath had been tor-
Reports quickly spread of sabotage of the pedoed the army's right wing was left to take care of itself. At night-time the lines at various points, but, advised in warships were withdrawn from the dan- time, the Greek Minister of Transporta gor points. In the straits the German tion, M. Diamantidis, hurried to Salonika Submarines had a wonderful chance of on board a torpedo-beat with full powers
One of government. ainking the British warships.
He promptly discharged. admired the enterprise of their com the German directors, and in a few hours mander, but I think the British sub the railway lines were in the hands of marines with similar opportunities, exclusively Greek managers and employes, would have done better.
The new cars just purchased in America, *The admiral continually transferred which had been side-tracked, were lined his flag to smaller and less valuable up and ready to be filled with troops vassels. All the ships remaining carry This was the last act performed by Dia cut their duties with the same precision mantidis before the resignation of the and coolness as the earlier vessels, though Ministry and was one of far-reaching they are from twelve to twenty years old, importance, and would have been on the scrap-heap but for the war."
were
Not often are there such strange and con-rich features in No Man's Land as the four big German howitzers which lie in an intervening pit between the armies in front of our latest advance. But it is a varied land even in the flattest dis- triet. No more curious and eerie work has been done than along the shores of that missmie lake which separates the Germans and the Belgians. At one time, stripped and oiled, waded and swam out into this No Man's Water to survey and chart out the deeper and shallower parts and to establish little island advance poste. The brilliant reflection of the star shells, showing up the dark bodies of drowned animals against the polished mirror of the water, added peculiar qualities to the seeno,
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ADDRESS
585
Mr. Nevinson, 1 war correspondent, in lecture on the Gallipoli campaign, at home, states: The men were shot down so
But duels and patrol fights of closer quickly at the landing at Cape Helles that and more deadly nature take place in the spectators on board the ships inquired. pitted plaing and graveyards between Why are our mou resting not realising the lines, where a man has to learn as that their fighting days were over. The many tricks as & hunting or a hunted
UNCLAIMED TELEGRAMS. - landing was one of the most terrible in our animal in the wild. Is it better on thing visible is the bursting abax. In all The French alarm to fall flat and lie low like a hare this trenth fighting it may be fatal to
The following is a list of unclaimed telegrame history, and in this war,
lying in the Easton Extension, Austraissis and beat as in landing stores and in the in her form or to stand stock still I give away the position of any man or trenches and encampments everything was it better to throw a bomb and risk on machine The Berman at the very outlins Telegraph Company's offee at Hong- beautifully engineered. They also beat answering shower or to bide your time? set bad bombs deceptively coloured song
A sexre of nice points have to be instine that they should give the eye no help, our organisation."
The lecturer added that the sight of the tively answered, and considering the and thus pistol lights give no flash at Auric
06. Chàng Australians and New Zealanders filled him dangers of this warfare it is amazing the muzzle. In these and many other
our men respects we have been forced to learn Chan, Bingene Manyuen with new hope for the British race the how successfully many of world over. One of the reasons for the accomplish these poaching prowls night by experience, and in general, though Dabei, & tor Hotel
been as successful as novel, we have found
U.S. Consul their own game, A striking illustration of the way in Suvia Bay failure was the use of new after mig and beat the Germans at some of our own recent inventions have Lint; Edward L. Tyr, ojo Despite the war, market experts declare which, the war has tended to a reduction trompe, unaccustomed to the country. They Fort proof constantly accumulating no better way than imitation of the Kw ngeing, om Chour Kwong
roakam strand, Wi- that England: will be able to secure of crime is furnished by the fact tust at were hurriedly landed, and rushed into that the German was armed gainst the enemy
Perhaps | Gareth and about 70,000 tons out of this year's total the Michaelmas Quarter Sessions for the tremendous battle, not knowing what sort of fighting before the war stered He understands his game. crop of $5,000, tons of currents: The County of Durham there were only real hardships meant, or anything of Histor light for illuminating Na Mbecause he has concentrated on the game Sa Mai Mahomedsley price is now 30 per cent more than 16 twelve prisoners for trial. The chair bloodshed, wounds, or death. Water was Land was very much the best perhans of killing he has developed bia peculiar Ale Artilla y was last year but a healthy fall, may man said it was the lightest calendar scarce, and the men almost died of thirst still is, because it gives no sign of the strain of inhuman cruelty, but that in Westbl a law
place from which it corries. The first outside the area of No, Mag s Land Yayung soon be anticipated.
known in the history of Durham sessions. They beheaved gallantly.
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