Page
THE
WAR.
STRENGTH OF GERMAN ARMY.
3,200,000. IN FIGHTING LINE.
GERMAN
TRANSPORTS SUNK
RUSSIANS.
BY
NO EXCUSE FOR TORPEDOING THE
GENERAL.
+
ARABIC."
CHOLERA EPIDEMIC IN GERMANY.
[TBROUCH HEUTER'S AGENCY.]
STRENGTH O TRE GERMAN
ARMY.
INTERESTING STATISTICS. 2 Losos, Anguse 25th.
A matter of most vital interest siges the outbreak of the war is beru the strength of the German Army. There has been much controversy on the subject ani many very inneenvae estimates hase becul
hazardı.
"Reuter's Agency; now learus, from the Kost information "available, that at the d of July lure were o the Western
th front 1,500,000 Germans, and m Easter-front 1,100,000 Germans, and probably 1:190,pin Austrians, making a #otal of 3,200,000 11ērnam.-
THROUGH BEUTER'S AGENCY.]
PRODUCTION OF MUNITIONS IN FRANCE.
MUST BE MULTIPLIED TENFOLD.
PARIS. August 25th. Addressing an audience of munition workei, M. Thomas. the Ainister of Munitions, stil the results had been Lenortions and very satisfactory, but must be multiplied tenfold. Fratice knows » he said, that the great industries would answer her appeals. We speak to-day of "Victory because by contiorians efforty"we kave, nequired the certainty of victory. Germany is attempting a decisive blow at Russia because she feels that France is ever multiplying the materials of success, while mighty England is also mobilising all her resources,"
CHOLERA IN GERMANY,
Lexdos, August 24th.
The Foreign Offior has notified blaydi that cholern is provulent in DUBOTUS districts in Germany.
ALLIES' FINANCIAL
PROBLEMS.
This is the largest tuber that Ger- smany, with all her perparations and Tesoures, has been able to fully quip.
German bgam, with 8,000.nd availabi She had lust fur military percion effectivity - 1,500,000 in a year of var. Germany had at the begining of · June, 3,300,000 men in save, but since that dates she has lost, very heavily.
units for The
comprises resolve billing the gaps in the boardstorm and Landwehr in garrisen fortifications, linės of communication. mgnition warkers, Government, servants, railwaymen ete 1t: romains to be seen whether Germany is able to put more than the present 3,200.000 in the fighting line fully equipped and supplied.
Beyond the Lotal figures huist Loudon, when the Russinn Finance Minis- wdded the 1916-17 classes of recraits, butter will attend.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, AUGUST 28TMm, 1915,
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
BRITISH HEROES.
BRAVE DEEDS WHICH WON THE
V.C.
LONDON, August 4th. The following further awards of tho Victoria Cross have been made:-
Captain R. R. WILLIS, Sergt. ALFRED RICHARDS, and Private WuLEAM KENEALLY, all 1st Lancashire Fusiliers,
the-Lancashire Fusilers, in offecting a
RUSSIAN FRONT.
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.).
THE ATTEMPTED GERMAN LANDING AT PERNOFF.
HOW THE GERMAN TRANSPORTS
WERE DESTROYED.
INSISTENCE ON RIGHTS
NEUTRALS.
AMERICA'S GRAVE WARNING
GERMANY,
OF They are both contending for the freedom of the seas. The Govorniment of the United States will continue to contend ion. that freedom from whatever. quarter it TO is violated, without compromise and e any cost. It invites the practical : vo operation of the Imperial Gorman. Gov emmest at this time, when co-operation atscomplish mơST nodd this greatf common object can be most strikingly and
The Imperial Gher effectively achieved. man Government expresses the hope that this object-may-in some: qweasure bear couplished even before the present "war ends. It can be.
The following is the full text of the third American Note to Germany :-
A SOLEMN. WARNING.
The Note of the Imporial German Gov Ferument, dated July 8th, 1915, has LONDON, August 25th.
received the careful consideration of the How the attempted German landing at Government of the United States. It
regrets that it is obliged to say that it has The Government of die United State Permplf, on the eastern side of the Gulf found it most antisfactory, because it
not only feels obliged to insist upon it On the 25th April three Companies of of Riga, ignominiously failed is told fails to meet the real differences between by whomsoeror it in violated or ignored,
the two Governments anal indicates na
in the protection of its own citizens, bub to-day by the Jovoye Pimya, Thres way in which the accepted principles of it is alst interested 10 sceing the law of humanity may be applied in Landjug in Gallipoli, westward of Cannurge German transporte, filled with the grave matter in controversy, but pro-rents themselves.
it made practicably botavern the ballige It holds itself ready Tolles, were met by a very deadly firoops approached the shore under cover poses on the contrary arrangements for at any time to no as a common ftud
of a German squadron. The Russians the partial suspension of those principles why may be privileged to suggest a way.
which virtually set them asidier. from hidden machine-guns, which caused
The Government of the United - States & number of casualties. The survivors, allowed the transports to come closes to
In the meantime the very value which the land and then opened a terrific us with satisfaction that the imperial ́however, rushed up and cut the wizo
| German Government recognizes without this Government sets upon the long artillery fire. The Germati warships | reservation the validity of
unbroken friendship between the people entanglements, notwithstanding a terry-
replied and a free duri, lasting some principles insisted upon in several comand Government of the United States and munication which this Government the people and Government of the geman fie five, and after overemming supreme hours, ensued. Meanwhile all the trans-addressed to the Impegind German in impels it to press must solemnly difficulties the cliffs were gained and the
parts had hou suck, only a few crowded Government in regard to its announce upon, the Imperial German Goverum git ment of a war zone and the use of sub. the necessity for the scrupulous user- position mainlajnsch, "Among the many hits remaining The Russian artillery marines against merchantanes on the high vance of neutral rights. This is a critical
svas-principles that the high seas are
Friendship itself prompts it to- very unllant officers. And men engaged in
Free, that the character and cargo of a
say to the Imperial Government that this most hazardous undertaking were;
merchantia just first be asertai repetition by the commanders of German before it can be inwfully acized on desal vessels of nets in contravention of Captain Willis, Sergt. Richards, and
troyed, and that he lives of non-
those rights must be regat cd by the Private Konally, and they had been
combatants may, in no case be put into Government of the United States what jeopardy unless the vessel resists or seks they affect. American citizens as deli- selected by their comradís as performing
to escape after it has be sumscned berately unfriendly--(Signed) LANSING. submit to examination. For a belligerent most signal acts of bravery and devotion
act of retaliation is preg an get beyond to duty.
the law, and defrnes of the net retaliatory is an admission that it is illegal,
Captain 1., 66. Hawken, of the Royal Engineers and the Royal Flying Corps,
Cupain Hawker showed' most com spicuous bravery and very great ability on the 25th July, when, flying alone, attacked three German seroplanes in succession. The first przünged eventually In escape, the second was driven to th ground damsgal, and the third, which hattucked at a height of 10,009 feet, was driven to earth in our lines. the pilot and observer being killed. The personal bravery showi by this gallant officer was of the very highest order, as the enemy's aireraft were armed with -machine-guns, and carried a passenger
as well as a pilot,
THE RUSSIAN NAVAL VICTORY.
DEMONSTRATION IN LONDON.
Lownox, August. 24th.
+
A remarkable and spontanecus. demon- stration this afternoon outside the Russian Embassy in London catroyed congratulations upon the naval victory And encouragement of the brilliant defence by the Russian Army.
The Russian Ambasador and his wife were accorded ovations by the crowd,
LONDON, August 24th, The Official Press Bureau suys' that at a meeting of Mr. McKenna and M. Hibed 44. Boulogne various financial questions were discussed, including the present The Ambassador, in a brief speech of position of American exclunge.
thanks, said: “We have had one success: Ministers found they were in complete more will come (leud cheers)-bringing accord, and an agreement was concluded. A further meeting will shortly be light in peace to the whol `world.”
The
these do not exceed 400,000 each, as many FRENCH LOAN IN AMERICA. have already volunteered,
An interesting favet is that the Germans have fled the gaps with second and third line trougs: consequently it is impossible to speak with accuracy of the German first line troops. It is safer to regard at Germans in the firing line" as of the same quality.
It is noteworthy that at least 400,000 Germans have been killed. The casualties to May 31st lotalled 1,572.000. THE BALKAN NEGOTIATIONS.
LONDON, August 25th. The host reticence is maintained con cerning the negotiations affecting the Balkan States, but there is some reason to believe that Serbia has shown a more conciliatory disposition which may be the
PARIS. August 24th. France has arranged ค Loan Di $20,000,000 in the United States to pay for exports.
GERMANY APOLOGISES TO DENMARK.
COPENHAGEN. August 24th. Germany has apologised in Denmark for fring on the British submarine at Saltholin. The German commuindere havo been stringently instructed to observe neutrality.
CABINET OF NATIONAL DEFENCE FOR RUSSIA.
-Petrograd, August 24th.
A meeting of the laders of all political
forces,
The Russian flag was then unfurled, a Band playing the Russian aithem. The crowds cheered for the Tsai and the Russian
and the Ambassador called for cheers for King George, which were inest lemetily given, and the national authem was sung.
GENERAL SAM HUGHES KNIGHTED.
LONDON, August 24th. Minjor-General Sam
Hughes, the Canadian Minister of Militia, has beca knighted,
FRANCO-BELGIAN FRONT,
Fræpougu REUTER'S AUESCI.} FRENCH OFFENSIVE IN THE VOSGES.
VIOLENT BATTLE RAGING ABOVE THE FECHT.
PARIS August 24th. The Germans are making great efforts
Lo
to
soon smashed these to minich wassal .
The Russian actúllung was. good that the German squadron - as unable approach Permoff, bat they managed destroy some loves by long-range dire,
While the main action was proceeding at Pernoff, the Germans attempted a band troops in Fighters at Gaisash, southward of Pernoll. These tried us reach the beach. but were annihilated.
OSSUWIECZ FORTIFICATIONS
DESTROYED.
PETROGRAD, Angust 25th. A communiqué says that prior to the Russian withdrawal from Ossowiecz the fortifications were exploded.
The Russians repulsed farious attacks east of Bielsk, and blocked an attempt by the enemy to resume the offensive in the direction of Kovel.
NAVAL ACTIVITIES.
THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]
SUBMARINE PIRACY.
LoxDÓN, August 24th, The steamer Sytnicy of Liverpool, ha been sank. The crows were saved.,
SINKING OF THE “ARABIC,"
OFFICIAL STATEMENT BY THE
WHITE STAR LINE.
LONDON, August 24th.
AN IRRELEVANT PLEA.
The Government of the Daited Sjades is, however, keenly disippointed to find that the Tagerin) German Government regards itself to u large degree exempted from the obligation to observe these prin. ciples, even whore neutral vessels are concerned, by what it believes the pulley and practice of the Government of Great Britain to be in the proscrst was in regard
to neutral commeres.
MATREF
AMERICAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
NEW COMMERCIAL ORGANISA TION IN SHANGHAL
At a meeting of American business won in. the Palso Hotel banquet room, Shanghai, on the 18th inst., the organisa tion of the American Chamber of Com- merce of China was completed by the adoption of constitution and by-laws pre
by
committes temporary pared appointed at a previous meeting and by The election of a pu rajarksat comthe and officers.
The following were appointed the com mittee: Mr. L. Andersen of Mustard
The Imperial German Government will readily understand that the Government of the United States can disenss he policy of the Government of Great | Britain'in regard to neutral trade except with that Government itself, and must regaid the conduct of other belligerent Governments as irrelevant to any discus. Corapany. Mr. H. Blake of the sion with the Imperial German Govern-Standard Oil Company of New York, Mr. iment of what this Government regarle as J. Harold Dollar of the Robert Dollar grave and unjustifisils violations of the Company, Mr. F. A. Fairchild of the rights of America citizens by the German China and Japan Trading Co., Mr. J. navn) commasiders. Illegal and human W. Gallagher of the United States Steel arts, however justifiable they may Products Company, Mr. J. N. Janiceon thought to be against an enemy who is of Wisner & Commay, Mr. J. H. Me- believed to have acted in contravention of Michel of Fruzar & Company, Mr. N. T. low and humanity, are numifestly in Saunders of Gen. H. Aleey & Co. Mr. Feusible when they deprive neutrals of J. B. Southward of the Singer Sewing their acknowledged rights, pareukely Machine Company, Mr. P. E. Wiener of when they violate, the right to life itself. T. T. WHET & Company
If a belligerent cannot retaliate against army withars injuring the lives of neutrals as well as their property. namanity as well as justice and due regard for the dignity of neutral Powers should dictate that the practice be dis- continued. If persisted in it would in such circumstamers constitute an upar donable offener against the sovereignty of the neutral nation affected.
THE NEW WARFARE.
The following were elected offices for the ensuing term: President, J. I. Me- Michael; Vice-President, J. W. Gallag her: Bcretary, P. L. Bryant,
The Chamber will take steps to affiliate with the Chamber of Commerce of the United States
WAR NEWS.
ENLISTED AT EIGHTY.
Honorary abership as provided in the by-laws wak cunferred uprin dhe Anes mena Minister at Peking, the Charge Affairs, the Commercial Attache, the Consul-Ceneral and Vice-Consul General at Shanghai. Owing on the great interest shown by Consul General Thomas Sam The Government of the United Stusos, it was proposed that the by-laws ba Bunded to prrinit his election as Hon Lu ander positively to contradict any is not unmindful of the extraordinary Presides of the Chander.
conditions created by this war or the suggestions that the Aber was not tor-radical alterations 1. de circumst e pdced, or other misleading or untrue and method of attack produced by the use of instrumentalities of geval warfare statements, the White Star Company has which the nations of the world cannot have had in view when the existing des officially issned, the following definite of intarusional law were formulated. It facts:
is ready to make every reusenable allow. ane, for ther novel and wxpected (1).—The zirubie was struck by a torpedo. aspreis of war at sea, but it cannot con- Captais Finch did not see the submarine,st to abate any essential or fundamental
riglits of its people, because of quer
The rights but he undoubtedly saw the torpedo.
alteration in, ei cumstances.
(2).There was
na question of the of vatrals in time of war are based on
principles are inamttable. Arabie having tried to cam the submarine rinciple, not upon expedics, and which was not even seen from the bridge, and obligation of belligents to find a e adapt the new circumstane a way
The events of the past two (3). There was to question of thereto.
mouths have early indicated that it is Arabic, having tried to escape, except the possible and practicabl, to conduct such very proper precaution of putting the abmarine uputations as have cher acters ized the activity of the Imperial Garmen belm hard over when the torpeda was seen, Navy within the so-cathed war zone in
He say hey fighting, and recived the bstantial card with the accepted (4). The favbie was, sank without war.
The practices of regulated warfare. Crimean meda, with clasps for Alma,
in.
He went Balaclava, and Seirastopol. whole world has looked ing.
terest and increasing i-fation through the Indian Muting noder Sir the deamustution of that posibl Colin Campbell, and big wedal exeries the
Fr Lucknow bar.
1 is the day
wit
lift
(5). She was cafuged in pete:ful trad ing with various nationalities aboard, outra moval comunanders,
manifestly possible, therefony to ward bound, and consequently thero was the whole practies of submarin attack above the criticism which it has adused to question of her carrying munitions.
und to remove the chief causes of dienen. (6)-She was nos disguised, por had she
THE LUSITANIA OUTRAGE any guns mounted.
GERMANY'S REQUEST,
GRIMEAN VETERAN IN KASKI.
The village of Montacute, Somerset, hing - servics & Crimeau veteran eighty yours the distinction of having enlisted for was
of age.
This galantald 'soldier has just been suposated recruiting sergeant for sho Sofrerent Light lafantry to work in his own district. His name is Mark Axe, dhe Brst joined the Army sixty-two years ago, enlisting in the Black Watch (End Highlanders) in 183.
At eighty be is still of smart, soldierly sppearance, and Mentaente is proud to see him in khaki.
PLAN TO BUY BELGIUM.
38. WANAMAKER'S EXTRAORDINARY
PROPOSAL.
In view of the admission of illegality gd by the Imperial Government when it plealed the right of retaliation in dofses of its nets, and in rig of the WASHINGTON, August 25th.
msifat porsibility of conforming to dr Another of those well-easing but im- Count Bernstorff, acting on instructionsstablished rules of und warfares the possible suggestions towards peace has Government of the United Santes cianotre made as an American contribution, from Berlin. has requested the United believe that the Imperial Governant will telegraphs the Washington, correspondent
beginning of a wider agreement einbracing parties has discussed the possibility of to stem the French offensive in the Vosges States not to finally decide regarding the longer refrain from disavoning the of the Marming Past,"
Bulgaria and Cheras ---
GREEK PEOPLE. OUT FOR WAR.
GREAT ENTHUSIASM FOR ALJES.
ATHENS, August 24th. -Reuter's Agency has been informed by active Grook potilicians who have arrived
England that the whole of Greece is ealing for war, and there is the greatest enthusiasm for the Allies. There is fast
-chaugos-in-thu mupposition of the Govern-A--most violent batido-has her maging car ment, also of a Coalition Cabinet, o. the heights eastward of the Fecht. The Cabinet of National Def. nee.
Germans, is frequent counter-attacks, failed to recapture the ground lost to them at Barrenkopf. The army was also again defeated in the crow of Sonder- rach.
SOUTH WALES MINERS' TROUBLE.
BOARD OF TRADE AWARD,
-LONDON-August-24th The award of the President of the Board of Trade (Mr. Runciman), fur con- megion with the South Wales miners' dis
Arable until all the facts are known,"
LIETON'S LTD.
SERIOUS DISCREPANCIES AND BAD SPECULATIONS.
Speaking at a meeting Mr. Joba WAILS- wanton wet of its naval commander sinking the silence or offering repara-maker, & former Postmaster-General, and tion for the American lives lost, so far as head of the largest department stores in reperation can be made for the neeille New York and Philadelphia, proposed destruction of human life by that gal the the United States should purchase Belgium from Germany for twenty thou- act:
"The Chavermen of the United States, and millions sterling, and then retura while not indifferent to the friendly spirit Belgium to its own people.
elen but Mr. Coming from any in which it is made, cannot accept the suggestion of the Imperial Germagi Gov-Wanamaker the suggestion would br rument "but certain veele resigned laughed at as the idea of a visionary. Hy agrement which should be free in the | Mr. Wanamaker, however, is one of thes The very inerchant princes of the United States. At the annual meeting of Lipton's Ltd., sou how illegally proscribed. the Chairman announced that through agreement would by implication subject and is noted for his angacity and shrewd- other vessels to illegal attack and he a The evening communique says: There serious discrepancies revealed in stock curtailment, and therefore an abadus- nunt, of the principles for which this taking and
extremely unsatisfactory Covermen: contends, and which in tiare
MARKED ARTILLERY
ACTIVITY.
Pants, August 25th.
Losnox, August 25th.
**
growing a dislike of Germany, owing to nute, accelerates arbitration proceedings has been marked artillery activity from speculations by the late general manager of calmer ansels every nation wealdiz battleships to its complement.
Mont Didier.
her association with the traditional end adjusts various points in the provi Belgium to the Give. The French artillery there was a shortage of cupits] amouating of Grace-Turkey-whose expulsion of thousands of Greeks from Asia Minor hasson agreement regarding the ingross of silenced. German batteries bombarding prodhood fierce resentiment in Greece, wages, bonuses, etc., but certain proposals while the kindnces of British Naval meri, of the man cannot at present be conceded who daily distributed food to these in view of existing conditions and the refugees, has touched Greek hearts.
abnormal demand for coal.
i
to z quarter of a million pounds sterling, Almost incessant grenade fighting, sup
Str Thomas Lipton, où being informed of ported by artillery, is occurring at several this, had undertaken to make good these points in Champagne and Argoune,
Hosses himsel****
•
cône de as of course.
FREEDOM OF THE SEAS,
The Government of the United States and the Imperial Gerous Governight, captending for the sime great object, lung stood together in aging the very prin ciples on which the Congrement of United States now so sulomaly insiste.
"Since the war began Germany has added "T the war holds ont long enough. Germagy ay have enlarge the Kiel Canal. New York Telegraph.
Chind is now in a position to appre cute the high cost of prace at any pric
-Boston Tinnrçript.