OSTIZATIONS
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JUNE 1ør, 1915.
NISBET DEFEATS GREIN. LARGE CROWD WITNESS GREAT CONTEST,
THE CLOSED GATE.
A PEACE TIME PASSAGE THROUGH THE DARDANELLES.
WAR HYGIENE.
KEEPING AN ARMY FIT.
VICTORIES OF MEDICINE,
The following article dealing with the measures taken by the Medical Service for the prevention of disease has been communicated by an. Eye-witness present with General Headquarters.
The progress made during recent years in the application of medical science to the prevention of discase in armies has had far-reaching effects. Indeed, it is safe to say that had a war of the magni
lives early in the campaigu. To the beavily-manured soil of France its germ thrives and persiata na a resistant "spore""" for a long time, and wounds contaminated with earth are therefore a source of great danger But there is every reason in believe that the universal employment of anti-tetanic serum has played a major part in the elimination of the discaso from our hospitals.
FEET. FLOST-BITTEN F Among the measures taken to preserva the men's health, also, must he mentioned the precautions against swelling of the
winter one of the most serious causes of feet, which was at one time during the This affliction,-which-has-been wastage. rather loosely spoken of as frost hite," is caused by prolonged exposure la yet not fallen to freezing point. Unity ed like it, under siege conditions, entailing and cold even when the temperature has great hardships, prolonged expoance to
suffered most, ^ag', was to be expected. the most inclement weather and the billet-recently home front service in hot climates ing of large numbers of men agter, born While it was realized that a proportion of tho men subjected to having their feet and quarters for many months together, been undertaken by the British nation a few legs immersed in cold water or mud for a years ago, it would have been accom length of time must inevitably suffer from panied by an outbreak of disease which chilled feet, it became evident that the in- dividnat might be helped in many ways to would have decimated our forces
protcer fimself against this condition.
To this end medical and regimental officers worked together to ensure that
In a contest which was full of thrills.
[DY MARANDUKE PICKHALL IN THE
EVENING STANDARD."] Nisbet defeated Green yesterday in tha match which virtually settled who was
Our ship was gliding on what seemed champion of the Colony. As the result
land-locked sen between the Grecian of the play which had taken place in the Islands and the coast of Asia-a classic match that had to be abandoned half-sen, the same which Jason sailed, the same way through, there were many who had whose foam gave birth to Aphrodite. The formed the opinion that Green's superior waves were blue as lapis lazuli, the sky stamina would prove just a little too had not a cloud, the sun-baked mountains forceful for Nisbet's advantage in the were the colour of a lion's back. Behind tude of the present struggle and conduct. finesse of the game. Yesterday's contest quickly resolved itself into a fight between strength and skill, and in the final set-tha match went the whole five At times sets-skill won dozervedly. Green played so forcefully and well, and his remarkable back-handed strokes were gaining him so many points at what OUR NEW MODELS ed to be crucial periods of the game, that every one must have thought SOLICITED.
The "easy chair route to the world's best music
INSPECTION OF
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tlint we should have to hail a brand new champion. However, it was just at these exciting periods of the contest that Nishet's superior skill and generál tactics were called into play with good effect, and one was bound to admire the cool and skillful manner in which he gradually pulled things arcand in his favour when everything seemed to be against him.
From a spectacular point of view no finer game has been seen in the Colony, being treated to tennis containing many of those thrilling passages, which prove so exhilarating to non-participants. The loser played good sound tennis consistent ly, his back-handed play being agant feature. In this he was superior to his opponent, due to the fact that he can introduce much more force into his
us were the peaks of Mitylene and the mainland heights which guard the Gulf of Smyrna. We had passed by Tenedos Lemnos and Imbros had been pointed out to me by a Greek sailor, and we now wer heading towards what seemed another island, with design to pass between it and the coast of Asia, which here for once was flat widish plain The only with purple hills beyond it. other Englishman on board came up to mealsed him the name of the island
which we were approaching.
"That," he said, shading his eyes with both hands, is a bit of the mainland of Europe, the peninsula of Gallipoli That dismal-looking plain there is the site of We are just going to enter the Troy.
which Dardanelles-the Hellespont,
Young Leander and Lord Byron swam, Look through my glasses. You can sec the forts."
The forts were long, low structures, three parts mound, one on a promouctory of the coast of Asin, the other on the point of the peninsula. Above them floated the red Turkish flag. "They don't look very deadly was my comment. My com enthusiastic............. He said :——
To some extent the very low general sick rate which has up to the present
obtained in the British Army is due to the fact that during recent years both the every preventive measure was taken by From the precnu- staff and the regimental officers and menthe men both before entering and after have been instructed in the elementary leaving the trenches. principles of sanitation and practised initions taken by long distance swimmers the exercise of ordinary precautions and divers it was known that the applica- against disease. In the main, however, tion, to the skin of animal fats, such as it is due to the preventive measures whale oil or lard, was of decided service in minimizing the evil effects of long con adopted by the Medical Service.
tact with water, and accordingly large supplies of these substances were procured and issued.
PREVENTIVE MEASURES.
BEFORE LEAVING FOR HOME this large gathering of spectators present panion laughed. He was a soldier, and secondly, thore token in order to main-
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Nisbet was the player of tactics. In the first place he made Green do much the larger share of running about and whenever possible he enticd Green up to the net and then smashed with invariable euccess. Nisbet always gained points when he had got Green to the net, and thus it was that he was continually scheming to bring this state of affairs
about.
Theso measures are cf two kinds: first, those taken in order to prevent the outbreak of sickness, which consist of the paying of careful attention to water and food supplies, drainage, sanitation, and to the early diagnosis of suspicious cases; tain the health of the men, which consist "Those are but two of them. Altogether in the enforcement of a high standard of I should say that the defences of the personal cleanliness and the early trent- Dardanelles are about the deadliest that ment of minor ailments due to exhaus To foroo the tien, exposure, or temporary breakdown. you can find on earth. passage would require not only a strong. In order to show to what extent modern feet, but an army of at least a million medical science has been able to mitigate men.” And he explained to me, how large disease in warfare it is only necessary to a compass must be fetched upon the compare the ravages of typhoid fever-- Asiatic side in order to attack the lane the most deadly scourge to which troops
I cannot say I clearly forts in rear. understood his explanations, which were are subject during British campaigns of technical, but he certainly impressed upon the past with those suffered in the present my mind the notion that we were passing war. through a gate which could be close securely, a
Fort after fort was passed on either bank, but the sea appeared as wide, or nearly so, as the waterways between the islands among which we had been steam ing for the last two days. I had no impression of a strait until we reached the Narrows,
There the shores were rocky and at tmes precipitous, the stream but little wider than the Thames at Gravesend,
In the Nile campaign of 1808, for instance, thera were in eight months mora cases of typhoid in two brigades than there have been up till now amongst the whole British Army engaged in the pre- sent war. And yet in the Sudan we were operating with a small, carefully selected arniy, in a country where the inhabitants wera not infected with the disease; wher as in Flanders it is endemic amongst the civil population. In the South African War, too, 76 per cent, of
The match opened in a most sensational The forts were thicker. One or two were the sickness, was dus to typhoid, which,
named to us-Raikrah Kilid-Bahr, Bokali-Kalessi.
Various types of waterproof boots and waders, also, were provided, and stre efforts were made to improve the trenches and render them as dry as possible. Much has been learnt, and the medical service is now in a position to reduce the. wastage and ameliorate the suffering from this cause.
HIGHLANDS AND LOWLANDS PARA RUBBER CO.. (ĽD.)'
DIVIDENDS OF 24 PER CENT, FOR THE YEAR
The Ninth Annual General Meeting wa held last month at the Cannon-street Hotel, London, Sir Frank Swottenham, G.C.M.O., presiding.
The Chairman, in moving the adoption of the report and accounts, said that from those the sherholders would have gathered that, on the whole, everything was satis. factory and the prospects for the current year were decidedly favourable, even though they had heard by cable of a Violent wind-storm, as a result of which, according to the latest information, the company had lost 8,000 trees on Highlands and 25,000 trees at Batu Unjor The year, which had been placed at 1,240,400 estimated production for the current I., must therefore be reduced by 121,003 Ib. It might, however, bo possible to save a certain number of trees, and there was some slight consolation in the foot that the greater part of the damage was done in a field of rubber which was such un indifferent producer that the idea of The production of the three divisions of replanting it had already been suggested. the estate in 1914 amounted to 1,137.858 lb., or 14,642 lb, under the estimate, but 70,442. in excess of the production, of the previous year. This output was obtained from about 3,670 acres in war-
I have a memory of a in fact, killed a far greater number manner, Gr en winning the first set with
GEEM CARRLERS.** nut a game going to Nisbet. Three of village-I think Chanak climbing up our men than did the enemy.
wards from the sea, with olive trees and the games were on after dences, two wer orchards round it, a few beats dancing The exp.rience of the Spanish-Ameri- round its little landing-stage. It was can-and South African Wars showed that game fifteen, and the other was game 30,
·late afternoon. We passed some fisher the sole risk of infection does not lie in nien in little skiffs. Niebt was really nowhere in this set,
who shouted polluted water, although that is batually
The dark and his form raasid very natural doubts.chaff at our ship's crew.
blue water lapped the rocky shores grave source of danger. but proceeds The next set produced a great fight, from which the scent of myrtle some very largey from the early undiagnosed up in the breeze. The straits had case and especially from pereus who are and was not decided until sixteen games. had been played. Nisht won the first opered out again, with barren shores now known as “grm carriers," that is, We steamed for balf an hour without individuals who have had typhoid and two gates with Green at fifteen in each.
espying any village till we sighted Galata have apparently completely roostered, Grean won the next two after 10-30, after upon the European side, and Lapsaki and but who may continue for years to carry
The year's production sold for the which the scoring was 3-2 (in Green's Chardak on the side of Asia. The sun and disseminate grime and to infecti
Very good average price of over 28 31d. was setting as we dropped our anchor off others. "
of It is, therefore, of supreme important per lb., obtained at auction, and, sinue favour), 3-3, 4-3,5-3 (in Nisbet's Gallipoli, a many-coloured town
The cost the water. The stage, before the infection has time to of production all in " amounted to BRITISH PILSENER cur), 6, 5-5, 6-3, 6-6, 7-6, 7-7, its own reflection, string to watch to detect cases of typhoid at an early the war began, by private sale.
87 and 97, Nisbet winning the last breeze had fallen, and the sea was smooth spread; and in this campaign mobile 11,12d. per lb., and the profit earned was bacteriological laboratories have been therefore Is. 4.41d. per lb, against 18. cost two games as the result of som brilliant ns glass.
installed expressly for this purpose. 4.02d. in 1912 when the "all in"
was 1s. 2.24d. and the average gross sale werk. Nisbet won a love gams in this
Each laboratory consists of a motor-lorry fitted with strenuous set all on service, which had
a complete. bacteriological price 24. 8.26d. equipment, and is in charge of a becanic exe edingly deadly. Five of the
specially-trained officer, and an attend games were won after deuces...
ALLSOPP'S
BEER.
SOLE AGENTS:
CALDBECK,
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Nisbet improved wonderfully at this period, and the next set went to him in such an easy manner-the score was 6-2 that Green's recovery in the following set was really unexp cted.
Play again became very strenuous, and forton's Auctuated to suck an extent that the score eventually stood at 6-5, Green love levelling matters up by winning game. He repeated this performance in the next, and went on to win the deciding
WINE & SPIRIT MERCHANTS. gams after a dence.
15. QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL.
[15
Our steamer waited only the time neces sary to take in some bags of figs, and then stramed on into the Sex of Marmora.
"No more forts," I remarked to my acquaintancz, as, leaning on the rail, we watched the lights recede.
Just over there he pointed to the unt of the Royal Army Medical Corps.
Bo soon as the medical authorities of a coast of Europe are the lines of
case of Bulair, as strong as Chatalji. The whole division become aware of a peninsula is one huge fortress Then typhoid among the men, for whose health there is the island of Marmora, nearly as they are responsible, they call in the tough a pastage as the Dardanelles,ervices of the bacterialogiet; who then We were passing that island about ten carri's cut an exhaustive examination A with a view to ascertaining the source of o'clock when we both went to bed. half-past six next morning I was up on the infiction. This is frequently found deck, watching the Stamboul demes and to be a "carrier." mirarets grow larger every minute on the margin of the se. Boon we were entering the Bosphorus. It took but sixteen hours, counting the two hours stoppage at Gallipoli, for a very slow-going steamer to travel from the Egean entrane of the Dardanelles up to the Custom-house of Constantinople, I had thought it would take longer,
MOBILE LABORATORIES.
com-
The manufacture was up to the highest standard of the company's reputation, At the last International Rubber Exhibi tion they secured the gold medal for. smoked sheet and the gold medal for the best shipment of both sheet and crepe, the If the staff could produce the current highest awards it was possible to obtain. year's output at 11d. per lb., all in," and if, as seemed pessible, they obtained an average price of 23. 3id. per lb, the profit for the current year should amount. to about £76,000. It was proposed to plant at Midlands a further 150 acres, In addition to the bacteriological which would bring the total planted area installations a mobils hygiene laboratory up to 4,314 acres: and they held 18.3L has been instituted, and others are in fully-paid shares in the Ayer Kuning course of formation. They are equipped Company, which had a planted areas of for pathological work and also the 2,040 acres, a large proportion of which With the setire reading two sets all the
chemical and bacteriological examination was in bearing. With the amount brought of water and food, which by this means forward there was a disposal balance of final sit bccaine a most nervy affair, for
"Ah," said my fellow-traveller, the can frequently be tested and any con £94,745, and it was proposed to pay a final dividend of 12 per cent., making 24 the spectators at last, and its progress gate was open. If that gate were closed, tamination discovered betimes.
But, apart from the performance of per cent. for the yar; to place £5,000 ta was followed with great keenness. Those it might take several yeais for the bost who favoured Green must have felt navy in the world to do this little their direct functions of testing and reserve, bringing it up to £55,000; and to
journey."
analysis, the bacteriological and hygiene carry forward £11,195.
Mr. Noel Trotter seconded the motion, That was some years ago. 1. have laboratories placed at the disposal of the quite pleased when the two first games
which was carried unanimously, and the wont to him, the first after two deures passed the Dardanelles since the, but medical authorities and Army
without interest, not having a military manters the services of trained specialists, dividend recommended was declared. and the second after the scora was 40-30 enthusiast for my companica. No one at who have studied at first hand the problems Then Nisbet won a love game, Green that time dreamt that the British Fleet of anti-typhoid and other inoculations, FRENCH LESSONS ending two doubles into the net. Green would ever need to fore the passage of who can, when necessary, prepare vaccine the Dardanelles. And the defences bave both fur the prevention and the treatment started the next game in such a vigorous been greatly strengthered since those of disease, and who are in a position to
The Prime Minister in Parliamentary Few English people seem aware undertake the investigation of problems manner that the severity of the previous days.
of the immense improvement the Young beyond the scope of clinical medicine or papers says the number of officers and men of the Royal Navy, Royal Marines, Royal games seemed to have been lost upon him. Taiks have made in everything relating to surgery.
It would be difficult to exaggerate the Naval Reserve, and Royal Naval Volau- Ho won this after 10-15. The next went the Turkish army since the Revolutio 1. to Nisbet after deues, and Green came The German part in these improvements importance of the work that has been teer Reserve killed, wounded, and missing along to win the sixth game after 40-30, has been much exaggerated. Until this dore and is being carried on by those from the commencement of the war to and the score stood at 4-2 in favour of war broke out, the German officers in specialists. For instance, one result of March 31, 1915, is as follows ;→ »
instructors and Gren. Nisbet was locking quite tired Turkey were rut at this very critical period of the military advisers under Turkish rule. match, and thus his remarkable rally and The improvements I refer to are the final success was all the more noteworthy, work of the late Mahmud Shevket Pasha He levelled the gamis ap by winning the and of other Turks. It was the fear of next two after 10-15, and tock the lead Russia, not the love of Germany, which
Great, however, as have been the services They knew that rendered by these specialists in the field, after 40-30. Both men evinced a certain drove the Turks into their present
strange predicament. amount of anxiety in the next game, but they are fighting for existence, and it is and valuable as the mobile laboratories Nisbet taking things in a remarkably) cecl manner, won the final game and is probable that they will fight as they have have proved themselves, it must not be match merely by a process of pat never fought before. They have cleared forgotten that by far the most potent Bway the Greek population, which might weapon in our armoury against typhoid ball" which proved too much for have furnished spies to an assailant from fever has been forged by pathologists Green whe gave Nisbet the game the region, of the Straits. They have before the war. Inoculation is the surest
return assembled by sending quite a yard outsid. The final scores were, 0-6, 9-7, 6-2, 5-7, 6-4.
G. MOUSSION,
15, Monnison HILL ROAD.
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In view of the fact that the proceeds of the game are to be devoted to the Prince of Wals' Fund. the large attendance was most gratifying.
mere
their researches into the treatment of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis has heen to justify the hope that by the re- ployment of meningococcus vaccine the mortality from this disease may in the future be greatly lowered.
great army, and increased defence, and to its extensive use must the strength of their positiurs even in the chiefly be attributed the low incidence last few weks. It does not need a pré- of this terrible disease in the British phet to foretell that the forcing of the Army. passage of the Dardanelles will be the most stupendous feat of arms attempted in the present war.
Te pathology, also, is due the great success that has attended the efforts to cope with tetanus, which cost us many valuable
BRITISH NAVAL LOSSETM.
Killed
Wounded Missing Interned
Prisoners
OFFICERS.
MEN.
332
61
11,
Total
452
Killed (including 67 ner
cantile ratings lost in, H.M.B, Bayano). Wounded (including 3 in-
4,851
Interned (exclusive of
wounded) Prisoners (exclusive of 50
terned and 50 prisoners)... Missing
640
72
1,524
wounded)
Total
921
9241