«GERMAN WORLD DOMINION, power.
ANOTHER BERNHARDT DENIAL;
[FROM
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MAY 25TH, 1915.
War is a terrible thing and a THE FIGHT AT LES EFARGES,
ENGLAND THE TYRANT.
"THE TIMES" CORRESPONDENT.] rong that your war in 1776 against
New York, April 13th.
England was not a good war, that the war of 18134 was not for a moral principle The New York World publishes to-day productivo of good, that 1860 was not for an interesting interview with General von by which the entire world benefited
the highest principle of human freedom Bernhardi, given to its Special Correspite the morals and principles involved
in
pondent in Germany; Mr. Karl von vars have been as fastingly and towards Ming forward from
Wiegand. The interview is dated from Towon, vit The Hague, March 31st, and was apparently delayed in Germany,
That a victorious Germany would bene
seizure of Panama was only justifiable settled any other way Your people, higher and greater than the in the future interests of the American abstract principles of international law,"
In this the last great war?" "No; but wars will become less fre going to war become more and Idealized "
another significant scrap of information from
TOWARDS METZ
Bational calamity, 8.9 SOBR from the atandpoint of the
the same source is that the Crown Prince on but an evil that has not been without some individual.
FRENCH STRATEGY.
his return was received with marked coldness good Don't misunderstand me; all wars
by his fellow-soldiers, especially the superior: RETURN OF THE CROWN PRINCE.
officers.) Are, not moral wars or for high moral
But it seems to be certain that priiples, Thero come, times
they have begun to withdraw their heavy when The Times Special Lorrespondent in guns from the Camp des Remains, as only ent in! nation must go to war. Would you Ame-Eastern France sums up the recent fighting field artillery have replied to the French by which the French are gradually driving that is not merely a blind, the obvious in Eastern France, and explains the tactics batteries since the affair at Les Eparges. If the Germans from their position at St. Mihiel inference is the best possible news. He emphasizes the importance of the capture of Les Eparges in the teeth of the German Crown Prince, and notes that the French are camp in front of Verdun, there has been Farther north, in advance of the entrenched steadily
Verdun ately & good deal of fighting, though not of
there has been a decided renewal of activity Metz. The most northerly of the two roads so severe a nature as at Les Epargra. But the EASTERN FRANCE, April 17th.
result of it is that the French have gained Although spring has as yet hardly begun, ground along both the roads, six or seven whole way hom the Argorne to the Swiss runs parallel to the railway in the valley of in the operations in the east of France, the
miles apar
apart, which run between Verdun and fontier. But the conditions on this part of the Orne, past Etain; the second runs from maneuvres on grand scale, and the real advanced as far as Etain, the front are still not very favourable for Fresnes past Mars-Is-Tour. They have tions has been applied farther north, cepect Orne, and on the Mars-in-Tour, rond have bank of the ally along the sides of the St. Mihiel wedge. renchest a point about the same distance east
Here,
As elsewhere, the met result of the of the Hauts de Mense. autumn and winter campaign is that the the Etain Conflans-Metz railway is thus Tho enemy's use of
the attack, and that instead of their Germans on the offensive their linea are
have lost their initial advantage of greatly restricted. They have other lines
farther north, by the Allies. Too much importance should is a severe blow. Altogether the present but the loss of even a part of not therefore be attached to the fact that prospects, both in front of Verdun and
being best
their pienns
they still hold a footing in the Toul-Verdun between the Meuse and the Moselle are barrier of fortresses. The strength of their taking a decided tura in favour of the Allies Except at the moment when they crossed position there is more apparent than real. the Meuse at the end of September, when there was for a short time a gravé risk that their presence at St. Mihiel has never been it might lend to the investment of Verdun, azerious menace to the French. The sharp wedge driven into their lines looks awkward | on the map. But the wedge is not as solid nor the Germans position na comfortable as
fit America, instead of endangering it; quent and the causes and grounds for increase of the pressure on the German posi-miles of low hills on the ng four or five
that he has never been an advocate of war for war's sake; that l is not a militarist, but has merely dwelt upon the historical fact that the day of wars is not yet past, and has pointed out that wars are not without their good in the evolu tion of the world and the development of civilisation, and at Germany, dous not never has dreamed of a world empire mud world conquest that his writings have been misrepresented and in some instances wilfully distorted, are some of the things that: General Friederich von Bernhardi, whose books have been used to make out a case against Germany in this war, told me to-day in his fint interview granted to any journalist since the war Began. He has written come articles with his own pen in his own defonso for Ame risan papers, but until to-day he has con- sistently declined to talk to newspaper men. Bernhardi declared to me
more
many?"
"Is there a military party in Gor- "Absurd; there is not, and never has been, a specific military party the object those who believed that political condi- tions made it necessary to arm and prepare for the defence of Cermany, and events have justified them.'
"What would be productive of the quickest petoo?"
victory." Bernhardi
Beyond this General von "Great dosive German would not discuss the probable conditions on which Germany would make peace,
THE FAR EAST.
Discussing Japan and China, General-some people We thought. Nothing could be more bourd the Bernhardt said :— the surtement that our victory would be a lature danger to the United States in South America. Quite the contrary. I America has reason to fear the clash of any European Power, that Power is Eng land. It is marine militariam and absolute dominion of tho reas, which Eng- is near. land claims for herself, wherewith you will have to reckon in time, that's your danger if England comes out the stronger.
A victorious Germany would counterbalanco and to Somo paralyse England, which could only be extent in the interest of America. There is hardly even a bare possibility of Ger- many and America ever being involved. You have only to look back at your his tory and to watch the trend of events in this war so for to become convinced that the possibility does exist of the clashing of the interests of America and England, which touch at countless more points than those of America and Germany,
"Quite apart from the clashing of com- mercial interests, England is jealously claiming the absolute dominion of the water, and it is most doubtful if she will look with particular pleasure at the growth of a great American Navy, and big navy it is most probable America will want and have in the futwe.
A WILFUL DISTORTION.
:
"I eraphatically deny absolutely that Germany bas or does entertain any idea of world conquest or world so often been reprosentext cranire, as has interpretation and a distortion so far as is a falso my writings are concerned. If you will read my books in the original German you will find I don't speak of world con- quest, world empire, or world dominion, but of Germany as a world Power along side equal States, other world Powera, and entitled to the same consideration. Conquest empire and dominion appear only in English editions, for the transla tions of which I am not responsible, but which have been used to create an errone ous, false, and unjust impression in Am rica and elsewhere..
to American interests in China.
"Japan's demands are a serious blow lived as the result of the recent French That is what is beginning at last to be a was an impression that America and account has been given in the official em
There operations in this district, of which some Japan would come to a elash, but he was not one of those who believed that a great which has been steadily pursued all through muniqué, These operations are nothing new. They are a continuation of the strategy war between the yellow and white races the winter. The French Staff has reedgo between English and German coloniza- this phalanx of array corps, not as
Speaking of the differences tion, he said England was more inclined to driven back, but as the legs of a pair to exploit, especially in the Far East, of compasses to the pushed together. To where the people live as they did a hus arccanplish the first end they would have had man colonization, although on a commer- dred years ago; that American and Ger- to attack the enemy where he vas strongest, at St. Mihiel, or rather (for St. Mihiel itself cial basis, is more cultural, and does is not the strategie centre of the region) at the more to educate, advance, uplift, and strong fort of the Camp des Horains, a mile improve the conditions of the natives. long ago installed a number of Austrian to the Month of the town, where the Germans Bernhardi indignantly denied that the 3038, commanding the country round for a passage in his book," Groups of Germans distance of nearly 10 miles. That would abroad benefit German trade, but they have meant, whether it succeeded or riót, a may also be useful to us politically as we huge loss of life. discover in America, meant that Ger- ourable to Germany to bear on the may could or would bring pressure Government where they live, as has been charged against him in America.
Bernhard, who was in Americs two years ago oh his tour round the world, furnia and its coast. was especially enthusiastic about Cali California," he
BQUEEZING THE ENBY,
ing the enemy out by steady pressure on each They chose the other alternative, of squeez side of the angle along the lines between Fresnes and St Alihiel from north to south, and St. Mihiel and Pont-à-Mousson from west to east. At the same time they were gradually getting nearer to two vital post- said, is, indescribably beautiful. What of Vigneulles, about midway between the tions in the interior of the angle--the town interested no particularis as a soldier two sites, on the direct line from St. Mikil was that I saw there the fiest-looking men to Metz, and the Trouve de Spaña, an open- tive of a distinct type of magnifice Germans have constracted a strategic rail- and women anywhere. It seems producing from Vigneulles to the Mease halfway between-St.-Mihiel and Troyon, where the respects from what I have seen elsewhery way to link St. Mihiel with Netz and its physique, strikingly different in many in your country, The women are most resources. This railway has several times beautiful, while in the splendid, stalwart material there would be for soldiers men. I couldn't help thinking what fine General Bernhardi's book-theories are perfectly well-known. According to him the balance of power in Europe is an out: worn political expedient. Its place must be taken by a world equilibrium. as he has invariably represented Great Britain as the universal tyrant, and as he has invariably urged that Germany's Kultur" entitled her to Great Britain's position, it lus always been perfectly elear that he had German world-doruinion in view,
been bombarded by French and English ainen.
During the recent operations the main at- tacks on the German positions in the Hauts de [euse (from 600ft.to 300ft. abovethe level of the river) were made to the north on the crest of Les Eparges, now completely cleared of the enemy, and from the south-west on the Bois Meuse and is in a straight line between the But l'Ailly, which commands a bend of the Camp des Romains and the south-east corner of the wood of Apremont. The line to the north was attacked not only at its extremity at Eparges, but also in the centre, at Lamorville, which lies in a valley one of the passages from east to west through fort of St. Germen left innis was kopt the Hauts de Meuse, and defended by the the same time the normal pressure on the up (especially by the Toul field army) all along the strongly entrenched line from Aprenant to Pont-à-Mousson, parallel to and just north of the Commerey-Pont-à-Mousson
That a victorious Germany would seek expansion and political advantages in South America, from a purely military Next War" in the chapter on World As he puts it in his "Germany and the standpoint, is so absurd that I am Power or Decline": surprised that any thinking person should consider it seriously
"The nation which considera italf tarily it would be
Mili- quified to set the meal of its spirit upon utterly impos the world will not; if it feels sure of sible to maintain ourselves hers in victory, relinquish without a struggle its view of the fact that it would bring all claim to the dominant place." South and North America, not to mention England and France, against us, and for
As for his derial that he ever advocated what purpos01 would we have 3 Legitimate confercial
What possible chance following further passage is conclusive
an aggressive policy against England, the rivalry in South America with the United with England is a Fata Morgana, after For this reason a peaceful arrangement States-yes, that existed before the war, and will come again after the war; but which no serious German statesman ought for political purposes or advantages it to attempt to strive. On the contrary, is out of the question."
we must always keep in view the Events have fully, justified what I possibility of a war with England."
have written. I saw from the political constellation of Europe that war would
be forced upon us, that it was inevitabl
as far as we were concerned and suavoid THE VALUE OF AMERICAN.
able. I pointed this out in plain langu- ∙nge. I wanted to arouse our people to a realization of the imperative cessity of properly arming and preparing us a defensive measure, and I believe I did my country a service. Has not much that I wrote come true? We did not want this war, despite all that has been said to the contrary abroad. advocated or written of an aggressive I have herer policy towards England."
NEUTPALITY.
Sir Gilbert Parker, 3.P, in an adelress to the Pilgrims Society at the Savoy Hotel on the 60th anniversary of the death of Abraham Lincoln, said it was infinitely better for the world's sake, and for our own, that the United States should not abandon her neutrality.
roud.
IMPORTANCE OF LES EFARGES,
The success at Les Eparges on April 9 is of sensible advance in the direction of Vigne great importance, not only because of the
farther west more precarious for the energy, ulles, which must tend to make the position but because the 3rd German Army, the force engaged, was commanded by the Crown Prince, who has returned from his prolonged exile. His second lease of authority has not opened too auspiciously. To hold the posi tion north of Coinbres, on the spur of Les Eparges, he had the 10th Division of the 5th Army Corps, which enjoys & fight reputation in Germany. At the of April they took the place of the 33rd Division of the Reserve, which French had been badly-cut-up in Murch by the costs to hold two strongly fortifed island They were ordered at all positions on Les Eparges, but though they fought with great bravery they were forced to fall back before two violent bayonet charges change from the monotony of the ordinary of the French, who were full of spirit at the
war of the trenches.
great
In the interests of a stablo civilization it was essential that the steadying, wholesome, Bernhardi denied that his books have dispassionate, and honourable influence of done Germany more harm that good or
the United States should, unhampered by tions given by the Germans the effects of the
To judge from the embarrassed explana that there are few people of his mind. the terrible restrictions of belligerenoy, be defent are acverely felt. On the 10th they That is disproved by the many letters used in the interest of the whole world, and were too worn out to make any effort to I receive." He admitted that his books particularly in the interest of the small recapture the positions, and the French took ajoy a greater circulation in America nations. If the United fitates had aban-advantage of the lull to strengthen the en- and England than Germany and that doned her neutrality in favour of the Allies trenchments on their new front, from which, they have been used as propaganda suillions in Belgium would be starving. And on April 13, they repulsed with great loss a against Germany. That's because the how grateful should this country be to violent counter-attack. Is extends from Les vital words of some passages havebeen in the Anurican Government for the services Eparges (which is on the extreme edge of the correctly translated and in some instances rendered to our thousands of poor prisoners Hauts de Meuse) for five or six miles wilfully distorted and misinterpreted." in Germany! The euforing was unpardon in the direction of Pareid, and faces south- He showed me an English copy of his nhly great, but it would have been terrible cast, so that it is exactly paraliet to the not the American Enhassy officials, with Apremont-Pont-à-Mousson front on the other booklet Our Future," the English title & disregard of all personal considerations or side of the wedge, from which it is only of which is "Great Britain, Germany's of the labour imposed upon them, performed about 16 miles. Vassal." His "Germany and the Next Was "is rendered" How Germany make War. That is done to prejudics the reader's mind at the very start."
WAR FOR WAR'S SAKE.
a daily service as chivalrous as it was insis- tent for our unfortunate fighting men in informed French quarters that, as the result A week ago it was rumoured in well- captivity.
of the increased pressure, St. Mihiel bad been altogether evacuated by the Germans,
He asked such fellow countrymen of his us Whether this proves to be the case or not
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had been inpatient with the Government the retirement, taken by itself, would have Light southerly wind and sex, loggy Discussing the charge that he is a muted the value of the moral support givers backs on the Camp des Romains it would be
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which is completely domputed by my standpoint on the historical fact that of the American Civil War living in Baston, the guns of the fort, to say nothing of the ing setool through which the whole world He said, "You want our sympathy. I can at the Chauvoncourt barracks, as the war is a fary crucible and terrible brain and owning a name faniline to all Americans, fact that they will be very careful not to get caught-again-in-a-mined area, na they were has grown botter.
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