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142
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27TH, 1915.
GERMAN RULE IN BELGIUM.
STORY OF CARDINAL'S ARREST.
A PROTEST AGAINST ATROCITIES.
Baron von Bissing, as a result, re-enforced the veto regarding communication with clergy, which he had withdrawn on taking up oflice, and exceeded his powers by. assuming the right to address the clergy himself,
to
read in the churches, wherever copies Cardinal had been kept to all intents and could be obtained. Meanwhile the purposes a prisoner in his Palace. The tinued his effort to deceive the public as Governor-General at Brussels still con)
M. Everard, the principal priest at Cardinal afercier's masterly defiance of Brussels, went to Malizes on January 8th the German Governor-General of Belgium with a copy of the Governor-General's has been followed by diplomatic repro- manifesto, This he showed the sentations at Rome, where he is said to be Cardinal; who expressed surprise and counting upon the support of the repreOn January 10th the Pastoral was again
indignation at its contents. Bentatives of the Allied Powers,
The attitude taken up by the Cardinal Archbishop of Malines mools with the sup, port, not only of Catholics, but even of freethinkers in Belgium, where he is acclaimed as the inan who had the courage to express what was in the hearts of all. The Pastoral has had the effect of forti-to the Cardinal' position, and compelled fying the moral courage of the people.
the Belgian newspapers to publish com A Belgian gentleman who has arrived in iuca stating that Cardinal Mercier London after a visit to the Archiepiscopal exercising his pastoral duties, and that had never been provented from freely Palace at Malincs, states that he found a the controversy should now be considered German sentry posted at the door. Ho handed in a letter addressed to the Cardinal, and was received by a repre- sentative of his Eminence, who said that it was Cardinal Mercier's wish that every body should know that he was virtually under arrost in his own Palace,
at an end.
POLITICAL UNREST IN CHINA' AWAKENING OF MILITARY SPIRIT.
+
When Baron von Bissing succeeded Baron von der Goltz as Governor-General BY THE TIMIS PEKING CORRESPONDENT, ] of Belgium he sought to curry favour with the Cathobe Church by withdrawing the
Matters are fairly quiet in China prohibition of the former Governor-There is some uncasines in the provinces General on the Cardinal's communicat owing to rumours of a third revolation. ing with the priests of his diocese. In Kwangtung especially talk runs high, But anger at the Cardinal's Pastoral led this being due to a recent attempt. of von Bissing to change his tone. Ho sum-briganda, no doubt backed by some rebels, moned three of his officers and ordered to take the town of Fatshan by force. them to arrest the Cardinal, who was In the Yangtze region there is consider threatened with being sent to Germany,able political purest. The officials in all Before the officers had time to leave the provinces are taking drastic measures to Governor they were hurriedly stopped by a German diplomatist named Von der Lancken, who ordered them to stay until The returned. He then questioned von Bissing, who
stated that oxemplary punishment must be meted out for the circulation of the Pastoral.
OFFENCE TO CATHOLIC PEELİNG.
Von der Lancken warned the Governor- General against precipitate action, point
suppress rebel organizations and arrest suspected persons. There have been many executions. The Government seems to be confident that it will be able to avert any uprising, or at least to ruppreis quickly any that might break out.
4 few weeks ago much excitement was caused by wild rumours of a Manchu, the Republic. There was no reason for conspiracy, aiming at the overthrow of the exciteinent, and little for the rumours. Sogte sexagenarian scholars wore guity of writing says expressing the desirability of the return to power of the Manchus, but their action was quite above board and not in the nature of an intrigue. Several were arrested, and this gave rise to the wild tales that quickly spread through the capital and the provinces. There was no justification, for alarm or for the state. ment that a conspiracy or any widespread movement was afoot.
A NEW MODEL, ARMY.
ing out that, in Belgium, Church and State were separate, and that tho. Arch bishop was responsible only to the Pope He added that to arrest the Cardinal would be to offend. Catholic feeling, and might provoke a religious rising that in turn might cause a ferment among Ger- man Catholics; further, that the Governor General ran the risk of being repudiated by the Kaiser himself. Von Bissing secun- ed to be impressed by these arguments, and told an officer to countermand the previous instructions to the three officers who were, he thought, already on the way to Malines. They had, however, not left the Governor-General's premises. Von der Lancken's advice was that diplomatic action should be taken in Rome to induce the Pope to persuado Cardinal Mercier to withdraw the Pastoral, or that part of it which had given offence to Germans The Governor-General then decided not to arrest the Cardinal, but to apprehend the publisher of the document and seize all available copies on the ground that the Pastoral had not been submitted to the Censor. Von der Lancken assented. effort to stir the people to adopt or accept
On January 1st Von dor Laneken motored over to Malines from Brussels and-acrived at the house of the publisher, M. Dussaim, about 10 o'clock in the even- ing. He warned Dussain that he ran the risk of being punished and ordered him not to distribute any further copies. The interview terminated about 2 o'clock in the morning, and Von der Lancken re turned to Brussels.
to
in the country is the movement to awaken The most important recent development a military spirit in the people. The Prezident has issued a Mandate ordering sacrifices to be made to the spirits of a general of the Han Dynasty and a general of the Sung Dynasty, the Board of Rites being instructed to prepare the ceremony to he followed. A model army is in pro cess of formation, The President is the head, and the rank and file will be com- posed of "educated men," Even officers in the Regular Army are privates in the model body. In my opinion this studied
militarism is the most important movement that has taken place since the Republic was formed.
For
The Tibetan question has reached a deadlock. The President feels unable to make the arrangement desired by Britain owing to possible opposition from the province. He fool that it would be much loss of face to withdraw the troops .: from Chiamdo-even, a few miles.
the time being the question is hung up. The Kiakhta conference is progressing slowly. There appears to be a hitch between the Mongols and the Chinese, though the Russians are bringing pressure to bear on the Chinese Government. The Minister for Foreign Affains gives assur anees that an adjustment satisfactory to Russia will be made.
Within four hours he was back at Malines and not the Cardinal, just as the latter was on his way from the Palace to the Cathedral to celebrate early Mass. Wishing to discuss the situation with him, Yon, dor Lancken intimated
the Cardinal that he could not proceed to the service. He then accused him of trying, by means of his Pastoral, to provoko dis- affection. The Cardinal, on his part, protested against the atrocities com mitted by German troops upon innocent civiliang, and added that it was only con- siderations of good taste which prevented a protest being made in the Pastoral against the violation of Belgian nuns by German soldiers,
REFUSAL TO WITHDRAW THE PASTORAL
to be still in force
FINANCE.
As regards finances, the Government claims to be obtaining sufficient funds from, the provinces to inees all administra tive needs. Inspired paragraphs in the local. Press oreft the Covernment with possessing considerablo means. The Government, in spite of this, continues toj burke paying any of the numerous short-
Likewiso Von der Lancken called upon Cardinal term loans long overdue. Mercier to withdraw the portions of the desperate efforts are being made to borrow Pastoral which had given oftence to Germoney from foreign sources particularly many, but the ecclesiastic declined to in America. So far no success has attend- withdraw a word of it Thereupon the ed these efforts. Dr. Morrison is doing. his utmost to persuade the Government German official gave the Archbishop to understand that he was to remain in his to pay off the short-term debts, and he has Palace and not to leave the precincts. He to be credited with success in securing a forbade him to carry out his intention of compilazion of outstanding loans which 12-10 proceeding to Antwerp on the following now practically accurate Up to this Sunday on the occasion of the Feast of time the Government had no list showing the Sacré Canr. The Cardinal was fur all its indebtedness; and no single official ther forbidden to have any communion was aware of the total amount outstand tion with his clergy and this voto is said war is having a serious effect upon
ing in small debts.
Next day a motor-car arrived at the and lack of funds is hampering railway trade. Railway receipts are also affected, Palace and a German captain, followed | by a soldier, alighted. The officer told his Pinghsiang line is, however, being s
construction. The Nanking-Nancharg man to keep guard at the entrance. Iveyed, but the engineers connected with was 8.30 in the morning, and the officer Pauling's line through Eweichow hav presented at the door a sealed letter been recalled to England. Work on the addressed to the Cardinal in German Hukunng line (British section) is proced handwriting, with demand for a replying. The Americans are protesting tha for him to take back to the Governor. The fair treatment is not being accorded then captain saw the Cardinal, who informed regarding tenders. Complaints have her t him that he could not reply to super lodged by then with the Minister of Com emptory a demand and did not know munications, the charge being mada Gorman Jowever, he promised to answer the letter later in the day. against Mr. Coxy the British engineer, officer demanded an instant reply, but had is in an old bone of contention. French thas he is discrimina Against them. to wait until 5 o'clock the same evening and Belgian, activities have practically before he received it, having been ordered ceased for the time being. not to return to Brussels without a reply. capture of German trade, the great need As to tu During the intervening Cardinal was carefully watched. When tion of British firms by responsible repre hours the is for organization and for the representa- he left the Palace to call upon his Vicar sentatives-men able to quote prices and General the German officer and soldier accept orders. This was to have been followed at his heel.:
In his letter of reply the Cardinal made been done. The Germans are still carry attended to, but so far nothing. visible hiz no concession and withdrew nothing at all ing on On the contrary, he justified the Pastoral, Britain. Chinese papers are subsidized, their campaign against Great the effect of which, he said. so far from and the the foreign papers here are now fomenting trouble, would calm the people virtually controlled by them. Buth pro He denied the allegation of the Governor fess to be conducted in Chinese interest General that he was willing to retrace with a policy of impartiality towards any statement made in the Pastoral foreign questions.
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