Page
TELEGRAMS.
LEDER:OSTASIATISCHER LLOYD
SERVICEJ
CHINA SERVICE.
THE WHITE WOLF
BRIGANDS,
MAGIŠZKATE EXECUTED FOR NEGLECT OF DUTY,
PERING, March 17th.
The Magistrate of Liu-an has beon
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 18mm, 191L
ACTIONS-AND REACTIONS.
IN CHINA
VI-FOREIGN MISSIONS:
ben
made to bring about a Buddhist revival A Central Associatio or Church, to
executed by order of the Tuch of Anhui, That this should be so is, in view of thebo enhanced by advertisement. In some theory that John the Persian, Metropo. allowed to celebrate mass in Rome and
by White Wolf.”
INTRODUCTORY. When foreign missions are spoken of, the impression conveyed in nine cases out of ten is that the various Roman Catholic and Protestant missions are referred to and the widest interpretation that the majority of people would give to the term would confine it to Christian missions
present activity and influence of the on a chorgo of neglect of duty in connec Roman and Reformed Churches, inevitar too, Buddhism has shown such as tion with the suppression of brigandageable, but strict accuracy would require local deities that the original creed has easy toleration towards local customs and the term to cover not merely the agencies been almost buried beneath these accre A Presidential Mandate cites the fate of the Greek, Roman, and Reformedtions, and it is at all events doubtful Churches, with the possible, addition of whether the people really believe in the of the Liu-an officia us a warning the Nestorians working in China, but pure and Original creed and tolerato the all other non-indigenous religious systeras superstitions lest they vex their weaker manent foothold among her people. that have found a temporary or per brethren, or whether their real belief is not in the superadded animism and Manicliacism, Gnosticism,"
Judaism, demon-worship. Zoroastrianism, Mohammedaniem, and strict Buddhists in China, and many That there are many the various schools of Buddhism, Only
zelous devotees, is beside the question. the last two of these are at the present As an active force in the moulding of the day a force in China, and it is only in destiny of the nation Buddhism (whether a very restricted measure that even they the original Amidabba cult or the corrupt can be regarded as having affected her form now obtaining in China) bas daring recent years been without influence, and development
the attempts that are being made to galvanize it into a new life do not, it present show any signs successful. -
being
sample to other negligent officials, THE CONSTITUTION COMMITTEE.
PEKING, March 17th.
The President has arranged that the inaugural address at the opening of the Constitution Committee session to-morrow shall be read by a delegate The President --will receive the members of the Committee
on Thursday.
A RESIDENCE FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT
INTIMATIONS
OPINION
PUTS JOHN HAIG'S WHISKIES
AT THE TOP. RECOGNIZED EVERY-
BUY.
eram in 1253, speaks of them as of WHISKIES IT IS POSSIBLE TO boys in infancy, though, in view of the ignorant polygamists, and as ordaining opposition between the Minor Friars and the Nestorians, he is perhaps not an altogether impartial witness
HA OBTAINABLE EVERYWHERE
it has lost some of ita essential charnonart of the Malabar Church itself, or Nestorian Christine had lived there-an teristics, An effort has
by the Nestorians or Jesuits, who would an "stablished Church, and apparently fabrication. He further quotes from a great Mission under the Nestorian A-lo have little private interest in such a having no direct connection with the treatise founded on the reports of Matteo pen in the seventh century (The PUBLIC supervise safeguard
Rico (1583-1610): The fact that that Chinese People, p. 313.) In further and control all Buddhist activities and interests in China by means of St. Thomas the Apostle is among the Mongols, the same writer sites (the Syrian) const was added to Christ corroboration of Nestorian influence has been formed, and two monthly too plain to be called in question by even the fact that Khublai Khan's mother was Buddhist magazines are published in
the most obstinate. In those manuscripts, buried for her effigy was placed) in the Chinese. In spite of these efforts, it is was carried to the Sinne (1
then, wo read very plainly that the faith Cross Monastery in Kansu; the conver- difficult to discover signs of an approach by the same Apostle of Christ, and that Monte Corvine of King George, a Tartar Chinese) sion to the Roman Church by John de ing increase of influence, either political several Churches were founded in that chieftain who was originally a Nestorian; or religious for Buddhism in China kingdom. On the other hand, John de and the journey to the West in 1275 of though the local importance of someTo these regions there never came any Sauma, born in Shaner and Peking Monte Corvine (1289-1328) ays of China two Nestorian monks, Mark and Ben temples and religious centres may perhaps Apostle or disciple of the Apostles respectively, the intter of whom was
Berufe Even more hazy and uncertain is the
litan of India, who was present at the received the Communion from the Pope way connected with the Prester John who I of England who received the Com Conncil of Nicaea (A. D: 325) was in some and subsequently met in Gascony Edward
the Amun region, or that there was an In 1989, hublai Khan established ruled over the Kerait Tartars, inhabiting munion from him. early mission to the Far East by the Board in Peking for the control of the Chaldean Church. The first historical Christian clergy, and traces of the Christian Mission is that of the Nestor ans occur at intervals right up to to the famous stone discovered at Chou 1388, They would seem, however, to have Nestorians, whose history has been, thanks the end of the Mongol (Yuan) dynasty in chib, 50 miles south-west of Sian Fu, in degenerated during the years of isolation 12 procensed for us in an undisputable from the parent Church the monk Mais forums The tablet itself is dated. A.D.
and Syrise surmounted by the Cross Lonis IX of France on a conciliatory 751, and bears en inscription in Chinese William of Rubruquis, who was sent by WHERE AS THE HIGHEST QUALITIES The latter portion consists chiefly of the mission to the Mongol Court at Kara- names of Nestorian priesta: Jacob, former portion, which contants some 1,500 Simeon, Sergius, Ephraim e'c, the characters, givos first a partial summary of the doctrines of Christianity, followed by a history of the mission in China: This narrated how in AD 638 there The mission of the Minor Friars was came to Chang-an (Si-an) from Ta-ts in the first effort of the Church of Rome to a vague term covering anything west of evangelize the Far East. Short as it was the Urals or of Cheldaca) a priest named (as a sustained effort it continue I only In the dependencies of China (the Olopon, who must therefore be regarded from 1250 to 1870, though John de Plane the Fer-Hai park, situated to the north
here it is at least open to discussion that the Nestorians first came to Ching in the records of the extensive travels and President Yuan Shih-kai has inspected
irgumstances, are reversed, though, vessthe Grst authenticated missionary in Carpmi started for the Far East as early H.
even Chins, though there is reason to believe as 1246) it has left its mark for all time. of his residence and at the other side of
whether Buddhism or the national genius in the early years of the 8th century, and alous labours of John de Monte Corvine the marble bridge, in the north-western insurrection in Yunnan under the Sultan was the moving power, and where, as in existing records state that Nestorian Friar Odoric. The most noteworthy.| Suleiman, followed by the revolt that Tibatan is almost synonymous with monk he wo Comantinople is 4.D. achievement of the former is his transin- Tibet, the two are so inseparably linked monks brought the eggs of the silkworm Kashgaria under Yakoob Beg, both of Buddhist, an endeavour to decide such 551. In 633 a decreo was issued confer tion of the New Testament and the which movements attained great magni a question becomes a case of hair split ring honours on Olopen and favouring the Psalms, while the latter is said to have tude, the latter especially involving ting. Whether the Mongolians of Urge religion. (Alexander Wylie, a Protestant baptized are then 20,000 pagans
wide area of country,
revolted in support of a reincarnation of missionary made the discovery sore. GO Saracens and other infidels. The early In each
a disciple of Buddha or in favour of their years ago that this deares is still preserved | day of the Mogo dynasty were case, the revolt came very near to own independence under a new temporn an extant work, and a few years later peculiarly favourable to their labours, being successful, and was quelled by ruler and whether it was as Tibetang or the Russian Archimandrite, Palladius, Khublai Khan exhibiting a broad-minded
as Buddhists that the followers of the Chine only after a long and severe Dalai Lama expelled the Chinese from discovered the deeree itself, confirming, if toleration towards all creda and showing struggle. One of the results of those their country, are futile, questions: the cutmatter heeded for its himself friendly 16 the mission. There CHS. J. GAUPP insurrections the occupation by Russia important point is that there are still inscription of the stone) The tablet that he requested the Pope to send one authenticity has never been disputed the are even letters existing relating the fact of Chinese territory at Kuldja and the Szechuan ( the stretch of countrastes were established in ten provinces, prove by force of argument, to idolaters as in the Tribes Country of Western relates the spread of the creed until monhundred twissionaries to his country to difficulty with which she was brought to between Tatsieniu and Sang'an-the and passes on to an epoch of persecution and other kinds of folk, that the law of evacuate it has already been noticed country west of Thine and the lame), and degradation in the early days of the From that time, the Mohammedans of the disputed between Chine and lamas), eighth century, followed by a further and stretches of Inner Mongolia, whero North-west have always been a source of the rival clams of a Buddhist theocrat period of revival and extension until, at anxiety to China, and less than twenty and the Chinese Government may yet have the time of the inscription, it could be years ago they gave, in the revolt of 1896 to be decided
said that Religion now fourishes in So much by way of clearing the ground, numerous monasteries, old and new. The 96, another reminder of their turbulence. It would be interesting to trace at fuller must distinguished and virtuous False while it will be many a day before the length the coming to China of these creeds Christian) never heard of anything memory of the troops of Tung. Fu-hsiang and the stages by which they established so fine, but the white-habited illlustrious themselves, as well as the history in China scholais (the Nestoriaus) are now sen (who was himself, it is
rebels ander Takoot indigenous faiths, but the last named commemorate the facts on stone.” Beg, but saved his skin by going over to have vanished from the scene and the (Parker, Studies in Chincie Religion, the Imperialise in time) and their doings ont purpose. The same might perhaps
historica of them all are unessential to p. 283). in 1899 and 1900 will be forgotten in be said of theearly history of Christianity Peking,
In face of this it seems a in China, for there has been no natural paradox to say that the influence of Islam Nestorians (for (xample) with the in China is negligible, these various missionaries of the present day, and the
PERING, March 17th.
part of the Forbidden City, The object of this inspection was the selection of a Bite for building a residence for the Vice President. An enormous body of troops had been levied for closing the marble bridge to public traffic,
A COMMERCIAL CONGRESS.
SHANGHAI, March 17th, Representatives of all the Chinese Chambers of Commerce have met at
Shanghai to deliberate on the new Code of Mercantile Laws and also on the carry
ing into effect of the new stamp duties
The Convention has also resolved to appoint a Committee to attend the San Francisco Exhibition
THE PRESIDENT AND THE
"COUNTRY'S FINANCES.
PEKITO, March 17th The President is working towards future control of the Finances and of the Army from the Presidential Palace.
A JAPANESE ARRESTED.
PEKINO, March 17th.
A Japonicao, connected with the printing
The most recent exhibition of Mohamme- dan activity in China was the march towards Peking of the intransigeant
an army of Kansu Mohammedans is Manchu Viceroy Sheng-yü at the head of most noteworthy manifestation was the
Sa
"
SOLE AGENTS:
BUTTONJEE
& SON,
14, QUEEN'S ROAD Central,
& CO.,
AND
126
JEWELLERS.
Christ was best, and that all other WATCHMAKERS religions were false and naught, and that if they would prove this, he and all under him would become Christians and the Church's liegemen," The noble work of Mont: Corvine and Odoric was not, how- ever, well backed up; the later Mongol Emperors pand-red grossly to a corrupt Buddhism; and the raission came to an end soon after the murder of James, the
efforts of the Roman Church to evangelize China were not renewed until the Jesuit
recall, among the interesting to of Judaism, Manichaeism, and other non-in thar own persons, and it is desired to last Bishop of Zaitun, in 1862, and the
HIGHEST GRADE
ENGLISH, SWISS
AND
The Nestorians would seem to have made by the famous Francis Xavier in Christian Expedition to China! vy as declined in the ninth century, and 1562. From that date onwards the work AMERICAN WATCHES. though there as practically no trace of of the Roman Church in Chine proceeds their history subsequent to the arcetion without a break in order not to of this tablet, it is probable that their interrupt the continuity of its history, mission was brought to an end by the it may be convenient to notice first the
AGENTS FOR
department of the Shun-tien Juhpao, was revolte were, however, only indirectly history is often interrupted To antici Edict of the Emperor Wu-tsung in 840 occurrens connected with the mission of AMERICAN HOWARD WATCH. arrested yesterday on suspicion of being connected with the creed, and were, in pate, the important influences of Christian As to the monks and unns who come the Greek Church in China, although it
a member of the now Tung Meng Hui
EUROPEAN SERVICE.
THE BRIBERY ALLEGATIONS IN
JAPAN.
BERLIN, March 16th. The Siemens Schuckert Works declare that they never had any commercial deal Inga whatever either with the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha or the Japanese Paper Manufacturing Co.
A LEPLY TO GERMANY,
in China
bas
The first introduction
Nestorians, nor is there documentary or
Representatives for
MAFFIN & WEBE, LID., London.
CARL ZEIS, Jenn
W. F. STANLEY & Co., LTD., London.
E. R. WATTS & BON, London.
VOIGTLANDER & SOHN, Braunschweig,
ALEXANDRA BUILDINGS.
CHATER ROAD,
missions (or foreign missions, or missions their
original purpose, almost purely
simply having recognized the claims of under the head of aliens, making know is subsequent in date to the coming of political, as is seen from the fact that these other faiths to be included in this the religion of foreign countries, we Xavier. they left unmoved co-religionists in category, we now feel justified in using decree that over 3,000 Syrians The frontier troubles between Russia these three torms as synonymous for the Nestorians) and Muhu-fu (Parsees) and China that led to the Treaty of other pars of the Empire, even where, sake of convenients) on the development of return to lay life and cease to confound Nerchiosk (1689) and the Treaty of as in parts of Mongolia, they form a China are suficiently exemplified by the our native customs. Probably, too, the Kiskhta (1727) bave already been referred large percentage of the population.co Lect that Hung Hsinchuan and Sunstone was buried at about the same time, to (Chap, II.). Article V. of this latter Yat-sen, the heads of the two great anti- and for nearly 800 years almost all trace Treaty provided for the permanent estub- The Mohammedans of China (whose dynastic risings under the Manchus, were of this mission was lost, including even lishment of a mission in Peking, to numbers are variously estimated at four both the products of mission influences. its translation of the Bible or of pertions consist of four priests of the Orthodox and ten millions) have never been active The importance of missions as & factor of it, though a possible relic was found Church, together with four youths and religious propagandists, and competent sufficient reason to call for some notice Syrian manuscript consisting of a large further stipulated that the Russians in China'a evolution then is alone & in the hands of a Chuiesc, în 1725—a two adults to study the language, and observers are agreed that they are in other of their carly history; it is possible, more- portion of the Old Testament and a col should be permitted to pray and to respects a waning force. The Roy H. over, that this early history has had 18 lection of hymns The latest date at worship their own God in their own way The arrest of the two directors of these French Ridley, a missionary at Sining, not impossible that in some cases the definitely apparent is A.D. 878, when an the Chinese Government to the establish
share in determining their influence it which the influence of this mission is It has been suggested that the assent of companies has therefore nothing to do says (The Moslem Farid, October, 1913) knowidge of the previous history of Arab traveller, Ebn Wahab, found ment of this mission was prompted by with Siemens Schuckert. The Mitsui There is hardly any possibility of any fluenced the attitude of the people. China holding an interesting dialo to the missionaries of the Roman Church,
(e.g.) Nestorianism
* evidence of the knowledge of the truth their desire to secure a counterpoise Bussen Keisha are the representatives of serious movement urising in China in towards modern missions of Chrisianity gue with the Emperor about the facts and who were then in disfavour. An effort the American General Electric Company, favour of Pan-Islamism, or even a revolt
against the Republic. The Moslems into China is usually ascribed to the history of the Old and New Testaments was made to send a Bishop to Peking, but INCREASE OF RUSSIA'S ARMY,
Broomhall, (Marshall
The Chinese this the Emperor (of China) forbade cannot easily forget the awful retribution substantial proof of its prior introdue Empire, p.
The Russian mission so established has that followed their long reign of terror tion, but the tradition that ascribes to China again came in contact with the continued until the present day, the in 1862-74, when for ten long years they St. Thomas the honour of being the Nestorians through the Mongols, especial waves of Imperial repression and persecu LONDON, March 18th..
were practically masters of the whole pioneer in this respect is of such long ly when the latter became her rulers, and tion that the various Roman orders Russia intends increasing the peace
standing and is a well rooted that it at the same time the Nestorians came experienced in the early days of the late footing of her army by 460,000 men, as a north west of China, and how finally they can not be ignored. The tradition makes into opposition with the first mission dyristyleaving it untouched. The reply to Germany. The extra expandiware driven back far into Central Asia B. Thomas travel, in the course of his from Europe, which was despatched to reason for this immunity lay in the fret tute involved will amount to a billion after a fearful loss of life. The immediate vangelization, to Madras and the the Far East Almost immediately after that it made no active effort to proselytize MACGREGOR&C..
Malabar coast, and then, after founding Eastern Europe had been overrun by being content to remain in possession" marks, which will be spread over three extension of the railway to the north-west the Church there, proceed to China, and Chenghiz Khan and his son Ogotai. The and translate the Bible and other works will finally dispel any such hope in the is enshrined in the Eyriac breviary of the beginning of this second Nestorian mis into Chinese. Proportionate to its The Russian Minister of Finance does hearts of some of the more fanatical indubitably ancient Church of the sion is mixed up with another form of freedom from interference has been its Moslems, as its completion will simplify Malabar coast The Indians, the the Prester John legend According to freedom from influenes, but it is worthy not anticipate any difficulties
Sirae offer adoration to Thy Holy this, the king of the Kerait tribe, "of The Times, which is daily growing more the mobilization of troops, thereby check Namo in memory of Mar Thorus.
provision for the toleration of Chris Russophile, says that Germany has revolt Major (now Lieutenant-Colonel) quotes (p. 300) Arnobius (Circa 300 AD Nestorian beamit, who set him on his way of Kuldja, 1851 (The famous tolera ing in the bud any serious attempt at The Chinese People Archero Te Mongols in 300 AD. lost himself in the of note that the first hint of a Treaty wilderness, where he chanced on a tianity occurs in a Russian Treaty that deceived herself by hoping to scare France Pereira, again, hays of Chinese Turkestan, and Cosmas (135 A.D.) to show that it was again and whose faith he accepted, being tion clauses, which admit the right of
THE OLDEST FIRM OF WHISKT and Russia hy strengthening her arma-with its Mohammedan population, that already been done in China in those early 200,000 of his subjects. Of the various Treaties of Tisatsin, 1858) This tolera BLENDERS IN THE EAST.
then believed that missionary work had Laubsequently baptized together with Chinese to become Christiana, deour in the ments, yet Germany is hardly likely to the Chinese are vastly outnumbered by days, and remarks Neither of thesa Prester John traditions Archdeacon fion, was, however, confined to Russian follow out the lato Prince Bismarck's the native races, Mongol, Sart, Kazak, early witnesses contradicts the claim Moule says:One thing is certain Article XIV of the Treaty provides that policy and begin “a preventive war.??.
St. Thomas as the proto-evangelist in and Kirghiz. but the latter are so effete India and in coming lower namely, that when the regions connected It is reported from St. Petersburg that that the Chinoze, have no need to tear odia and in China, and testimonies with these narratives, legendary or his the secret sitting of the Dums had as its them, for they appear to be entirely documentary and oral to that claim which toric, of Prester John were eventually main object the voting of gold reserves lacking in public mirit, patriotism, can scarcely be set aside save by the charge reached and explored, it was found that of forgery hard to substantiate, on the from the twelfth century numbers of
years
to be used for armaments.
THE ITALIAN CABINET
were
desire of progress and powers of combina.. tion. The Kazak and Kirghiz, living in yurtas, do not appear to have pro- BERLIN, March 16th.
greased at all since the time of Abraham" The Marquis di Saa Guiliano remains (China No. 3, 1913, p. 9). Of the Moslems Foreign Minister in the new Italian of Kans the same traveller saya: ““Their Cabinet, conforming to the wish of Sig. two great risings, the last one in 1894, Gioliti.
out down by the Chinese with the RAILWAY CONCESSIONS IN ASIA greatest, cruelty, but so effectively that the Mohammedans have since realized their weekness, whilst cherishing & hatred BERLIN, March 16th of their conquerore” (Ibid., D. 49) The negotiations of the Italian British Buddhism, on the other hand, though Railway Co. in the matter of the Adalia it has never in recent history bean -concession are completed. The opposition asociated with a political revolt and has of the Aidin Railway Co. to the line to exerted no definite political influence, has be constructed from Adalia to Bardu by become firmly embedded in the
texture of Chinese life, but in so doing, the Italians has been overcome.
MINOR
very.
$1067
of
PERTUSSIN
In a harmless and officient remedy against all diseases of the respiratory organs, especially WHOOPING COUGH, CATARRH OF RYNX ACUTE AND CHRONIC BRONCHIAL
ARRE, ASTHMA, &. which has been recogumed unequalled by the highest authorities, Also the AFFECTIONS
OF THE LUNGS will be greatly relieved by the use of it.
TO BE HAD AT
THE MEDICAL HALL.
HONGKONG.
CALDBECK,
ESTABLISHED 1864),
The Chinese Goverment shall not in any case prevent Russia subjects cele V.O.S. brating divine service in the factories (at Tarhagatai and at I) according to the res of their religion. In caso ay Russian subject in China should die at Alli or Terbagatas the Cliffness Government hall allot outside the wall of cach city an empty piece of ground to serve as a oemetery
This however,
affects the rossionary work of the Greek Church, and it was not until after 1900 that it showed any signs of outward develop- ment, though the researches of the Archi- mandrite Palladius, who examined. exhaustively the history of Christianity in Ching from the earliest days, have a value of their own. Four hundred of the 700 Chinese a therents of the mission are said to have suffered during the Boxer masacres, and after this it was estab limbed at Feking on a larger scale with Bishop at its head, and a few years ago. it set up branches in Chakiang, though ite active work is still as limited as at the first, and its influence consequently has not increased.
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CALDBECK'S
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ARE TWO OF THE BEST KNOWN
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