Page
THE PRESENT-DAY CANTON.
THE CITY REVISITED.
It is always interesting to revisit a city after an absence of many months, especially when, during the interval. many stirring events have occurred. Canter is at all times a place of the deepest interest and mystery, and the mystery and the interest seem to have increased tenfold during the past eight or nine months, The writer made his juurney to the Provincial capital by rail, and a few words concerning it may not be without interest.
is
TAS RAILWAY JOURNEY.
one. One
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JULY 80TH, 1912.
suspicion of one's neighbour-always so prevalent in China-seoms to ke increased.
ARMED MEN IN THE STREETR. The number of armed man- about the streets is astonishing. In addition to polico armed with swords, there are at every street corner
account for the high average attendance at many of the Hongkong schools, the boys being probably afraid to go back to ! their villages.
WANT OF CONFIDENCE
to secure his condemnation from another.
THE UNIVERSIT ES OF THE
EMPIRE.
Professor Geddes strongly deprecated the present tendency in some quarters to establish asparate hostela, under thority, some for teachers, others for ADDRESSES BY MR. BALFOUR AND | students of divinity, of law or medicine,
SI F. D. LUGARD.
i
The various associations and societies are still busy at their usual scheming and mon armed with į contribute in no small measure to the rifles, and small patrols can be seen every-prevailing want of confidence. It is whore. In the whole city there must be said that very uncomplimentary reports several thousand men under arms, not regarding oven Sun Yat-sen's conduct in counting those who are encamped round the province have been sent to Peking, about. The presence of all these men is while. Wu Hon Man is said to be very somewhat surprising. What is it the nucl at variance with his advisers. authorities fear? Surely there are not While there is no saying how much truth so many "bad characters" even in there is in these statements they are by Canton as to warrant this manifestation i no means improbable, for many of the of force? Or is it that those in power societies who are responsible for this kind in part carried out by the official teacher. Tho-ride through the New Territories feel that the people are not so enamoured of thing are at war to the knife with each after of the new regime as they would have other, and the fact that one society sup delightful 1 another, the
most entrancing views one to suppose and that all this armed ports an official will be quite aufficient undergraduates. open out to the delighted eye, and surely fure is absolutely necessary to preserve on of the prettiest bits of scenery is the existing Government? A EuropeRA that near Shatin, where the railway skirts gentleman whose work is wholly among the store on the right, while on the left the Chinese remarked to the writer that the frowning hills rear themselves towards there is more open grumbling and dis- the sky. When the train passes Tai Po, satisfaction with the existing state of however, the scenery becomes much less affairs than there was under the old interesting, and from this point until Government. It is not that the people are out of sympathy with republican principles, but that they feel that they are not getting the benefits they imagined would come with the departure of the Manchus. So many thought that with the exit of the latter would come a time of profound pence, a total suppression of armed robbery, piracy, lessened taxation, a vastly increased trade, a boom in native manufactures and work without stint for all, and in every one of these details the people have been disappointed.
Canton in reached there is very little to
see but an eternal sncession of paddy fields with ranges of hills in the back ground.
On the frontier near Sam Chuo a camp of our Baluchi "warriors overlooks into Chinese territory, and from -the opposite side waves the now rainbow flag of the Republic. There is a startling difference when the train enters Chinese territory. The smart soldierly Sikh policemen at the stations on the British station are replaced by armed Chinese guards at Sam-Chun. These guards are
RESENTMENT AGAINST REFORMS.
The people are galled, moreover, hy many of the innovations brought in by the new Government, excellent though some of
them are.
SHAVEEN.
Shamsen still possesses its sandbag forts, barbed wires and Baluchis, and in the maintenance of these safeguards the Consular authorities are doubtless wise. The Chinese seem much annoyed at the presence of our Indians, however, and complimentary things are being said about the British for bringing them thore. As an example of the astonishing tales that circulate among the Chinese, following may not be without the interest. According to them the British live in great fear of the Indians and therefore do not allow any man to marry until he is 50 years of age so that the nutaber of children may be small and the danger consequently less. Alan when Britain goes to war she always sends the Indian soldiers first so that as ranny may bo killed as punsible.
ANTI-REVOLUTION FEARED.
a fact. Many attempts to smuggle arms
into the city have been made and quite a large haul of ammunition was made by the authorities not many days ago.
EUROPEAN DRESS AND BLUE GOGGLES.
MORRISON'S REMARKABLE
LIBRARY.
All-
It is stated that the Chinese Govern- mout are contemplating the purchase of the unique library possessed' by Dr. Mor rison at Peking, who is shortly resign ing his connection with the Tires and The library is recurning to Australia. said to valurd as 210,000.
From a long description of the library recently written by the Peking correspon dent of the N.-C. Daily News we take the following:-
INTIMATIONS
SIX YEARS' ITCHING TORTURE CURED
Face and Arms Covered with Eczema. Suffered Immortal Agony. Cuti- cura Soap and Ointment Effected a Complete Cure in Three Weeks.
"It gives me great pleasure to bear lesti- mosy to the marvelous healing properties of
Cuticura Boop and Cutleurs Olutment, I owe them a debt of gratitude for my completa curo from six years itching tortura al ceronia..............My trma and face were covered and doctors said it was incumble. I used to dread work for then 1 got very hot and itched -terribly and my-orum swelled so at night but I could hardly rest. Then I read the offer of samples of Cuticura Soup and Ointment in the paper, which I utvise all skin-sufferers to apply for.
"Before I tried Cuticura Boap and Diat- ment 1 suffered inmortal agony but after the Haraplo had ruloved me of the itching, I kept on with the treatment for three weeks and it effected a completo cure when decom kud pronounced it hopeless. Cuticure Soap and Ointment are a rasional boon and a great relief to all who suffer from danses of the skio.`É am a constant wier of the Cullera Soap, and the Cuticure Soap and Ointment are rely invaluabis eenedies for cezema from which I was a great sufleste until I tried the Gutleura Sotp and Olat- ment (Signed) Enock Frans, Baron F, Beauruaris, Isle of Anglesea, N. Wates, July za, 1011.
Cuticura Soap and Cufleura Ointment afford the specdiest aast economical treatment for skin and scalp humour, of young and old. A single ses is often sufficient. Although Cuticura Soap and Ointment ban sold throughout the world, a liberal sample of each, with 99-p. booie may be had, pent- free, from nearest depot: F. Newbery & Sons, 37, Charterhouse Bq., London; A. Towns & Co., Sydney, N. 8. W.; Leon, Ltd., Capz Town: Muller, Maclean & Co., Calcutta and Boboy; Potter D. & C. Corp., Boston.U.S.A.
89.17
Chs. J. Gaupp
& Co..
ALEXANDRA BUILDINGS.
CHATKE ROAD.
stock of
SCIENTIFIC AND
or even mainly for undergraduates alone, as of narrowing and weakening tendency. Mr. BALFOUR, presiding at the after Experience of 25 years
of University sitting of the Congress of Univer-alls in Edinburgh and of five in the kindred hall at Chelson had fally justi- sitigs of the Empire on the 4th inst, said the nature of the difficulty with which fed their self-governing method and con- it was specially proposed to deal that stitution that of inviting residents of afternoon would become apparent to all faculties and of very various ag everybody who put aside our ordinary with na fargo as possible a proportion of current form of speech and remembered, graduates as well as of undergraduntes, what every one of them know, that and even of senior men already in the Auch a education was something much more than practice of their professions. intellectual training or the acquisition of group, however small, thus becomes from forget this with relative impunity in lege for its University. the whole man. They were allowed to the first the beginning of a veritable col- ! Western Universities, because, in fact, the general training of the young was only In this country they know that the most important part of their training at the school or University was due to the colt alon of minds between the boys or the They did not have it brought hon to them here with the samo insistance that it was brought home to the teachers in Oriental Universities, that i there was and must be a collision-not an irreconcilable collision between the rowth of scientific knowledge in all its toms, which, after all, were the great branches and the traditions, beliefs, cus-
Dr. Morrison began buying over In the twenty years ago, long before he bad any moulding forces of social man. West the changes of knowledge and the definite idea of coming to China, and changes of tradition had gone on by when books dealing with the Celestial relatively small degrees. There had been Empire were a drug in the market. in every case mutual adjustment; and the Since joining The Times in 1897 he has difficulties were hardly to be mentioned systematically purchased every available with those which necessarily came upon book on China in overy language and has them when they brought in upon a constantly searched the book catalogues society, unprepared with the long train-of the world for books relating to it. The
worka on China, I ing they had gone through, generation collection. includes after generation, the full stress and Tibet, Mongolie, Kashgaria, Siberia, weight of modern scientific, critical, and Korea, Formosa, and the neighbours of; industrial knowledge. He did not know China, and a comprehensive set of works that anybody, whatever his views might on Central Asia and the rivalry between be upon education at large on the func- Great Britain and Russia on the western Lion which spiritual ideals and ancient frontiers of China,
·A POLYCLOT COLLECTION. custom had upon that training, was likely
There are books in twenty languages, to underrate the violence of the cfect
Clerman, which this sudden contrast must produce including English, French,
Danish. Russian, Finnish, Dutch, upon an ancient and a civilized country. Swedish, Norwegian, Italian, Latin, This modern knowledge, remember, was There is considerable resent-
The rumours of an expected anti-not a thing which could he ignored or Spanish, Portuguese, Turkish, Arabic,
neglected by the East, for it came to them and Hebrew. Dictionaries alone number:
than 400, including the early ment against the regulations of the new revolution are still being heard, and that with all the enormous prestige which rudimentary Sanitary Board a man who there is an anti-government if not anti-naturally rasnited from great material ocabulary of Mentzel, published in 1685, bar pitched his rubbish into the street republican organisation is without doubt successes. How, then, wore they going to giving a Latin translation of the charac for years does not like to be suddenly
diminish the shock which this suddenter of the Nestorian tablet; the Ma dictionary, completed in 1724, by invasion of a wholly alien learning must Fernandez Serrano, 隐 learned Jesuït told he must put it into a proper
have upon the cultured society of the priest resident in Changtefu, the Ms. receptacle. The interference in the
East? Any catastrophic change in the dictionary used by Sir John Barrow, who religious and social ceremonies of the
environment of an organism was about to
was attached to Lord Macartney's Em- people is far from relished except by the
inflict great injury upon the organisa, bassy to Chim in 1783, and many other even perhaps to destroy it altogether. such rareties, together with a remarkable -mere enlightened few-and let it be re-
The craze for European clothing On the other hand, if the change, however collection of dictionaries in foreign inembored that the enlightened are but as
appears to have bitten pretty deeply into great, were gradual, if the organism was languages dealing with Mongol, Tibetan. a drop in the bucket when compared the Cantonese, if one may judge by the given an opportunity of making its own Manchu, Buriat, and Turki. There is a with the vast population of the province
changes in correspondence with that complote list of the Turkish books upon number of shops bearing the magic sign change of environment, there was no China. These deal chiefly with Talamism, Always have on hand a vory large completa The proposed debasement of Confucius
grang i (foreign clothes). Some of these reason why it should not flourish as and were presented to Dr. Morrison by from his exalted scat has caused a more
shops contain lay figures dressed in what greatly in the new as it did in the old the Hon. W. W. Rockhill, American Am than ordinary flutter in educational dove they fondly suppose to be the height however, to be catastrophic. It was im
surroundings Here they were forced,bassador in Constantinople.
The collection is rich in volumes that cores, and thus both the enlightened and the unenlightened have a cause of com-,
of European style. In a streat near the possible to graft by a gradual process, in possess special interest by reason of the railway ferry there is pae with a black the East, what we had got to by a gradual marginal notes inscribed by authors or plaint. The question of religion is one frock-coat, khaki trousers, collars and process in the West, which was suddenly successive owners, or famous libraries SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS of peculiar interest just now. Old beliefs
and such as the Beckford, the Duke of Hamil carried full-fledged, unchanged, red tie straw hat containing a large lanted down, as it were, in these new
ton's, the Duke of Norfolk's, or the Duke aro being swept away; but what is to bo
button ornamented with a likeness (?) surroundings. He did not profess even of Cambridge's. It contains the Voy- substituted when the present wave of iconodası has passed. It is to be feared
of Sura Yat-sen and the whole nicely act to suggest a solution of the problem, but age à Pékin" by M. de Guigues, with the (Transite, Lovole, Plano Tables, Prismatic and
Sight Compasses, Hand Levels, &o., Bej off what a pair of blue goggles. Many there were certain methods which might album of plates in duplicate, one colour- nothing but a gross materialism and self-
of the girle have also modified their style be indicated that afternoon of mitigatinged and one plain, the former painted by inevitably the author himself, specially bound, and and difficulties satisfaction that makes the individual a
dangers of coiffure, but I saw none so stylish as incidental to what in the main would, be accompanied by a long letter of adulation gol unto himself. Not long ago a
to Talleyrand. Chinese youth brought to his English those to be daily seen in the streets of hoped, prove to be a great and beneficial for presentation
this Colony. Why is it that good-looking revelation, but which in its inception and Marco Polo there are forty-one editions, DRAWING master an essay to correct and the sub-
characteristics was not without danger to tiont of 1496 in Italian; the almost equal- ject was, "On the Limitation of the Power Chinese girls in Canton as well as here some of its incidental and accompanying including the excessively rare first edi and other editions of the 17th century, of God !" Little points like this show the persist in disfiguring themselves with the one of the best and highest interests of ly rare edition of 1508, also in Italian:
atrocious blas goggles above mentioned? the great Oriental races. (Churs.)
There is the first French edition, the first trend of the thoughts of modern young China.
Sir FREDERICS LUGARD, Chancellor of English, and the first German, as well as It is said that many ladies are now to the University of Hongkong, considered what is believert to be a complete set of be seen in company with thir husbands the problem of the education of Orientals, all modern editions, even that in Danish. and male relatives and that men and which was recently stated in the follow The set of Mendez Pinto contains the Tare first edition of 1614 in ing terms by The Timer:-"Can West-vory women visit public places together. At education divorced from all religious Portuguese, also the first Spanish edition
teaching supply a code of morality to take and the first English. the place of the ancient indigenous codes of which a purely secular education tends to sap the inherited religious basis?" they had to consider whether it was pus In opening the University of Hongkong sible to obtain the powerful aid which religious sanctions give operating on spiritual and emotional side of e young man's nature without any fera nese by shooting during the riot at the They proposed to meet Tachihmon on July 3rd,” was tried in the that difficulty by allowing religious German Consular Court on the 18th. He bodies to establish hostels, with facilities was convicted and sentenced to six for teaching the Christian or otaur months imprisonment at Tsingtao. Ip ligions; by bringing the best influences addition he was ordered to pay as com to bear on the remaining students; and nensation to the wounded Chinese, $75 to by carefully selecting the text-books, etc. Tao Yun-tien and 25 to Tani Kwang-yu. so as to hold up the example of the lives ern origin, as models of high standard of life and high ideals. But he personal 13 believed that even these precautions were but palliatives, and that what was
who was that those
the teaching of Orientals required engaged in what scenes of blood and fight! If any-quirements of the East instead of at Patriotic Subscription, though it has pro-
one wishca to read a stirring tale he tempting to fist upon the East a system place an enemy in a dangerous position duced some thousands, has been by no should get a copy of the book the literal identical with that which in the West by maroly breathing a few words of
means a success. To raise money the title of which is "The Three Days' had by the process of natural evolution It tells how that when the proved its adaptability to the particular suspicion against him. The first notice Government is said to be about to sell Killing."
ruthless Bannertoen from the north circumstances of the West. able thing after leaving the station is certain propertice in the Old City that sacked the city they killed nigh upon a j Bir THEODORE MORISON, member of the range of temporary buildings acting formerly belonged to the old Govern-million in the strife It tells how a Council of India, said the much-abused as barracks and which appeared to be very full of men. At 7.30 p.m. the Bandment. The financial question remains, heroic monk raised eighteen gates in a secular education in India, especially on
of the arrest of Hunze and of the state- ment he made the morning after the riot. and, capecially the eastern section of it and is likely to remain, the most difficult series of fortifications in the west of the the moral side, had not been a failure at seemed almost deserted except for a few question the Government has to free city to keep out the invaders, and how all; on the contrary, it had been
Most of the people are greatly opposed to ane by one the gates fell before the might splendid success, (Cheers.) It was uni-
The spaces between versally acknowledged that it was Eng Three of Hunze's follow workers stated On returning they found the sampan people and soldiers. Before the foreign loaus, but they can suggest no these gates are still called Fó, such as lish education which had freed the pub that they had been out on the night in revolution the Bund was always crowded other means of raising the money that Shap Pat Pó, and it tells how the leservices from corruption, and immense cuestion.
carnago censed through weariness at a ly raised the standard of honesty in Chinese in the neighbourhood excited. at this time of night; there were stalls
is so urgently needed.
spot now known as Tse Yan Lane, or professional life. The proof of that was The Chinese witnesses showed no eager. ness to tell what they knew of the affair. to be found in the great movements of innumerable and the place used to
Thankfulness Lane.
social reform which were transforming They had heard a little noise, but had resemble a fair rather than a thorough-
There is a grand scheme for compulsory
If over the complete history of the part and elevating the whole of Indian society, been so busy with their various duties fare. All this appears to be changed, and and, in the case of the poor, free educa Canton played in the revolution comes A paper on the same subject was read that they had taken no notice until three although there were more people at the tion on hand, but where the money is to to be written some queer stories will by Dr. J. C. R. Ewing, Vice-Chancellor of them were touched by bullets.
"Wheels within of Punjsh University; and the other The three. German bluejackets, Domke, western end, it was far different from
come from to finance the proposed schools doubtless bo told.
wheels" is but a faint simile to illustrate speakers included Sir Thomas Raleigh, Jesse and Borung, whose altercation with what it was in the old days There is is a mystory. Regarding this scheme the mazės of Cantonese politica member of the Council of India, the Hou. ricksha coolies was the beginning of the
Sarvadhikary a strange indefinable change in the sewe very peculiar rumours are current Troublous daye are doubtless ahead, but Devaprasad
(Calcutta trouble also gave evidence. Domke stated Canton streets of to-day. It is hard to in the city to the effect that children one may take heart of grace and remem University), and the Rev. J. M. Russell that, when the riot became serious he
her that the old city with ite romance (Madras University).
tried to enter the Alhambra Bar for re- say wherein this change lies, but it is under It may be drafted into other pro and mystery, its craft and wickedness, RESIDENTIAL COLLEGES AND HOSTELS. evident to anyone who knew the city in vinces to be taken from their parents, and has come safely out of many a terrible
Mr. F. B. Sargant, member of the fuge, but the door was closed on him by a woman on the premises. He was rough- and will doubtless There appear to be fewer that before long children will be forcibly ordeal. past years.
Cmerge Royal Coramission on University Educa-ly handled by the crowd until a narty of Evidence Chinese police rescued him people out of doors; they appear to be removed from their homes and placed in triumphant from its present flood of tion in London, read a paper on resi
dificulties..
dential facilities, including colleges and corroborating this statement was given by graver than they were before and the the
hostels, in connection with Universities, two foreign women residing near by.
sight for the gods. At this particular station they were dressed in a uniform of Hope kind of blue dungaree, fitting where it touched in true Chinese military style Some-had-bints-and-some-sandals. and some trod mother earth with their bare feet. All were armed with rifles and fixed bayonets, while each carried in astonishing number of cartridges bound round his chest and waist. Without exception, they were a wild, evil-looking set, and looking at their countenances one is at no loss to understand the outrages that have taken plaer in different parts of pour troubled Cathay when such men as these have suffered from any real or fancied grievance. They seemed to serve their purpose, however, for at all the stations everything was very orderly, The farther the train penetrated into the heart of the country the more unsoldier like did these guarda become. At one place there was not one of the men that had a complete uniform, and it was not until Canton itself was reached that any thing like a military smartness was mani- fosted. At certain parts along the line the paddy fields bear sad witness to the late floods. In many places nothing but hage expanses of water were to be seen, and although the surplus fluid is rapidly draining off, there is no doubt that the crops have been severely injured and much damage done. The peasantry working along the line make one wonder all kinds of things. What a wretched existence these poor creatures must lead! Dirty, ragged, unkempt and ignorant, working up to the knees in slash and mud, they can know but little more of the joy of life than the patient buffaloes assisting them in their toil. The apathy depicted on the faces of the people, especially the women, is appalling; they appear to take no interest in anything doubtless the toil for their daily food leaves them no leisure or desire to know What goes on in the great-world around them.
AKRIVAL IN CANTON,
The train arrived at Tai Sha Tau considerably more than half an hour late.
EXECUTIONS.
CHANGING SOCIAL CUSTOMS.
prevent this is nut looked upon with any great amount of approbation, for while one section discountenances it as injudi- cious to allow too much freedom te
AECULAR EDUCATION. IN THE EAST.
The horrible surfeit of executions, many of them barbarous and revolt- ing, has also done much to shock the people, for although the average Chinese does not place a very high value on human life, there is a limit even to his callousness. If tales current in the city fernales, another ridicules it and con- aro true the number of reported executemptuously enquires why Chinese can so Lions is but fraction of what have really demean themselves as to hok ten kwarka, taken place, and it is somewhat significant or imitate a foreign custom. It is time, that Wu Hon Man has recently given however, that some of the prudish of compulsion." orders that there shall be no more public customs of these people became a thing of the past, and when a man is no longer ashamed of being seen in company with his wife er sisters he probably will in time become ashamed to seek female
exccutions.
THE FINANCIAL SITUATION. The bank-note question in the city re- mains as acute as ever. Notes are only
the
The station was crowded with soldiers / sccepted at heavy discount and no one socioty among the ranks of the demi-of great men, whether of Eastern or West-
monde.
armed to the teeth and every native will touch them if he can avoid it. The multitudinous proclamations that have passanger was subjected to a searching been issued concerning them ser but to and a severo scrutiny. This process did not appear to be carried out any two have still further increased public dis
trust. The authorities are evidently hard has gently either, and it is not difficult to understand with what vase a soldier can put to it to make both ends meet and the of rejoicing, what times of frenzied hate, should adapt their methods to the re
EDUCATION,
Government schools. This may
MISTOEY" OF THE REVOLUTION. What a wonderful, history this old city had, what ups and downs, what times
of the conquerora,
A. G. B.
wero
Of
THE HANKOW SHOOTING CASE.
THE TRIAL OF HUNZE. The following additional details of the Hankow shooting case are published by the Central China Post:-
Karl Hunze, who wounded three Chi-
The trial took place being Vice-Consul Klowitz and four assessors, Mesere. G. Broke, F. Muller, F. Bahnson and O. Klein. Dr. N. L. Chang was present with an interpreter as representative of the Wuchang Government
The prisoner admitted the shooting.. He described how he had been in the house at Messra. Carlowitz & Co.'s hides } department on the night when the riot He had been fearing trouble, having dismissed a blacksmith from ser. about the building be believed the house vice the preceding day. As stones flew
was being attacked. That was the reason for his firing.
Mast of the other evidence was formel C. Grapow, Superintendent of Police told
also
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