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THE SECRET OF THE PACIFIC.
DID THE ANCIENT CHINESE FOUND MEXICO AND PERU 7
This book-writes Mr. Cunninghance Graham in a review of The Secret of the Pacific," by Mr. Keginald Enoch--is an interesting collection of the various hypotheses current amongst ethnologists, rather than an actual attempt to solve the question of the possibile intercourse between Asia and America in ancient times. This prob lem is, of course, the Secret of the Pacific. With it is bound up the origin and points of departure of the Aztern and the Incas, and the history of their civilisations. No one theory can supply the clue. No one explorer can hope, by his work or in his lifetime, to solve the mystery that enshrouds the ancient civili- sations of America. In this work thore- can be no mad rush, under the limelight of the Press, as in the case of the journoye to the North and South Poles.
Upon the other hand, something in finitely more interesting remains to be achieved, and to be achieved, moreover, without any element of self-advertisement, If the Pacific does give up its secret, and we are enabled, either through making out the ancient characters in Chichen- Itza, Palenque, or Ollantaytambo, or by long-forgotten records in Chinese libra ries, to establish that there was con- unication between Asia and America in remote ages, something will have been achieved of vastly greater interest to posterity than the mere fixing of a point in eternal ice-fields. Most comprehen- Hively the nuthor takes the monuments of ancient civilisations, from the most northern promontory of Alaska to South- ern Peru, and thence, by way of Easter Islands, the Marquesas, and the Caroline Islands, to Australia. Very systematical- ly, he tells of the chief ruins, most of which he has visited, and he carefully observes the general fikeness to one an other observable in all of them. Indeed,
WINE & SPIRIT MERCHANTS. in one passage be remarks that, infinitely
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diversified as is the speech of the number less tribes of America, there is a generally linguistic affinity between all of them. This would naturally induce the belief that races whose language may have sprung from a common stock would be likely to produce architecture of a similar type. Indeed, from the carefully execut od drawings, made in most cases by the author himself, and from the many re- productions of photographs with which his book is filled, it would seem to be the case.
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He that would study the old buildings sufficiently cheap natural product to use of America has to prepare himself, as says 'as raw material, and that is the difficulty the author, for hardships unknown to which is now believed to have beam sur- travellers in most places of the world. mounted. He
as so often does the African explorer"
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Though he preserves an open mind--40 open a mimi hut he even quotes, without much comment, the opinion of the well- known explorer Dr. Le Plongeon that Egypt received its culture and civilisa tion from the Mayas of Yucatan,that is apparently a leaning in his mind to an Asiatic origin of Inca, Aztec, and Maya civilisation. He does not, however, seek to press home his theory, and in this he is right, and hay an infinitely better Clace of convincing than if he did eo;
take Loudon with him, be The steps are very interesting and in- but he accumulates an enormous mass of carried in a hammock, and dine in hisfclude several distinct advances in know- facts, and leaves us to draw our own conking jacket before his tent, whilst an edge, and that, too, in very different clusions. This is the true artistic if not obedient crowd of carriers all wait on his departments. What adds further to the the scientific method. Those who have behests. Neither, as in most places. the interest, we might almost say the rom read the early works of Tolstoy, and also East, can he take tents at all; but on his ance, of the matter, is that rival chemists his superh posthumous book "Hadji mule, his pistol in his belt, spurs on his in different countries have been running Mouradi, can see for themselves how heels, his bed a saddle on the ground, he neck and neck in the race for commercial much more convincing he was when he must face heat and cold, meet ley winds, success. A strong body of English chemists adopted the artistic and did not degenerate endure mosquitos and malaria, not seldom has been at work, with the aid of a into the dogmatic method. So that after be in danger of his life, ost churqui" French bacteriologist, who has contribut reading the author's book one naturally that is, sun-dried beef, and cut himself ed an improved fermentation process, the GLENLIVET begins to see shadowy fleets of prehistoric away from all that makes life pleasant letails of which are secret, for the abin- vessels timidly setting out over uncharted to a man in our societies. When he has dant production of the higher alcohols seas, to arrive at last on the tong conatione all this he cannot hope for glory or frain, starch. On the other hand German SYPHON $2 each. BULBS 90 ets. per box. by degrees linguistic similarities between sluggish public but he may hope to not identical, lines of research, and botl
line of Western America. As he piles up renown for, as our author says, ours is a chemists have been pursuing parallel, if the languages of China and that of the have achieved a little on the path so many parties are protecting themselves by Mayas and of the dwellers about Lake after him must, follow, if some day the patents which may not improbably fur Titicaca, one can imagine canoes feeling Pacific is to give up its secret, as the mish occupation for the lawyers. It is their way from island to island agrossuthor hopes. Behring Straits, and their occupants gradually speeding southward till they
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arrive at the plateau of Anahuac. Very
suggestively also are the photographs of
the groups of Indians in Vancouver's
CHEMISTRY AND INDUSTRY.,
very probable that more than one rubber is in question, and quite possible that none of them is in every respect identical with natural rubber. chemists, we believe, recognize this varia
The German
Island, at Cuzce, and at Ollantaytambo, The public, remarks The Times, are prob.bility in composition, and hesitate to
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**GLEN LOGAN,"
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risk and expense.
All
as it were, slipped into the argument.ably but dimly aware of the extent to forth on behalf of their product the claim Highland Bonded Warehouses, Cooker, chafed, and damaged Goods
that it is identical with natural rubber. Certainly they look like Turtare, just as which chemical research, often carried on Professor Wyndham Durstan points out the strangely sculptured stones behind for years in directions which, seems far them look Chinese.
removed from any practical issue, now to-day in our columns that some at least
clues.
What is curious is that, as the author entors into their daily lives and dominates of the proposed sources of synthetic rub- shows, most of the religions of America great departments of industry. Now and her cannot yield the five carbon atoins were extraordinarily complicated, and all again, however, some notable discovery present in the molecule of natural rubber. their theories of the creation much more appeals to the imagination of the most That does not prevent them from yielding
*# careless observer. Most people are more homologous substance which may have Even imaginative than any of those that we have any knowledge of amongst primitive or less aware of the development of the very valuable rubber qualitjes. people of the Old World. One thing is aniline dyes, though they possibly fail when the five atoms are present it dues brought home to one in the book, and to connect them with the innumerable not follow that they are combined in pre- that is that the most important problem tabloids of strange drugs to which they eisely the same way as in natural rabber. It is common to find two very different in ethnology that remains is the origin have recourse upon all sorts of occasion substances composed of exactly the same of man in the Americas. To it the in The discovery of synthetic indigo is per eloraents in exactly the same proportions. quirer has to bring much patience and haps less generally appreciated, though my differ in structure. It is also com-
familiar to indigo-planters a capacity for investigation of strange it is painfully
mon to find minute structural differences That requires men of peculiar in India. Now we have the announce temperament, for, as the writer shows, ment of a method of producing synthetic in what seems to be the same substance ferent Korces. Broadly speaking, the travellers who meet with savages usually rabber upon a commercial scale and at albiren, for example coming from dif- fall into one of two categories: either a pries which will enable it to compete
So many samples are all albumen, but in special they start out with the idea that all with the natural product.
conditions they behave differently. investigation of the native myths in use people are interested in the shares of must be remembered that natural rubber less, or else they are sentirnentalists with rubber companies that this newest triumph is not a single uniform and homogene- It comes from various some pet theory of their own, on which of chemical research has commanded very product. they put leading questions to everyone general attention.
plants, and their different products are Lary incet. How dangerous this system is verbially shy and anything that appears manifest when one remembers, as anyone likely to affect an established industry recognized in the market as having differ- There is must remember who has had to do with is sure to be scanned with the keenest ent properties, no doubt related to differ- "how strongly nature and interest. It need hardly be said that the structure or composition.
reora for different synthetic rubbers, which natural phenomena appealed to the primi everybody who shares in that interest tive mind and entered into their lives. would do well to keep a cool head and may follow any one of different natural Still, the investigator should not be put to await developments. Apart, however, types, or may differ for batter or for off, and not forget that in regard to their from its bearing upon great fuancial worse from them all. beliefs primitive people hardly ever lie undertakings, the present announcement In fact, one of the differences between is extremely interesting. The actual prob cheaper than was previously known has But whether it is primitive and sophisticated man is that lem of making rubber artificially was now been worked out.
savages,
Capital is pro-
It.
It may be assumed that a process much
to
be
the former usually speaks the truth in in- salved some time ago.. It has been made yet sufficiently cheap to compote with the tellectual things. He never poses, for to and tested by use in motor-tyres and natural rubber at present prices, and at But the chemist, the reduced prices which may be expected him they are too sacred, and it has never things of that kind. entered into his mind that he could though he can imitate nature's products, in the future, is another question alto- He gether. The most careful anticipatory glorify himself by doing so. In the mate- cannot command nature's methods, rial affairs of life he takes advantage cannot begin, as the plant does, with the estimates of cost are liable to be greatly when he can, cheats, lies, and steals to the crade clernents, and build them up into exceeded when the thing comes full as dexterously as any of ourselves, complicated structures with no other worked. Nothing can absolutely settle the question of cost, and therefore of but in things appertaining to his faith he energy than that derived from the sun- always speaks the truth. This being so, light. He has to take manufactured couniercial success, except actual produe
tion upon a
considerable scale. The situ and as amongst the races of America material from nature, and has to expend
it stands is extremely interesting, legends of the Creation, Deluge, of Virgin pon it a great amount of energy also tion as
well-marked ele- Births, and of a mysterious Redeemer are derived from the manufacturel material but is not devoid of to be found in great profusion, so he of nature. With all these advantages be ment of speculation. From the great should lose no chance, if opportunity can bring about come wonderful trans- advance already made chemists may, how arise, of examining and collating them formations, hut, before he can make them ever, draw encouragement to prosecute with others he has heard. Dances and pay, he has to discover some natural pro- their researches still further, with a view marriage ceremonies, the orientation of duct to begin 'upon, which is very abanto securing yet greater cheapness of raw temples, and the burial of the dead all dant and cheap in comparison with his material. The ultimate victory will rest carry in themselves much that is signifi-finished product. The difficulty in the with the roan who succeeds in accomplish-
case of rubber has been to find some ing some further simplification. cant of the beginnings of a race.
2
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X THERAPION X OURES TO STAY OUREIS
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1903
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