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2-109
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2ND 1909.
EXPLORER JUSTIFIES HIS CLAIM
DR. COOK SUBMITS TO CROSS- EXAMINATION.
Copenhagen, Supt. 4, The man who has been through wintry terrors facing the lone white vastness of the Arctic ina sat calmly to-day in a room at the Phonix Hotel justifying his story to a jury of the spoolai correspondents of all the newspapere of the world who are here,
I could almost fancy the shades of Cabot, Franklin, and Andrée, standing with folded arms beland the little man as he spoke quietly in his curious American drawl, tinged, by year spent in the Arctic, with a Scandinavian accent, Werbemed to be making history, and behind the greatness of it there was something grotesque. Hero was the man whose name will live as long as the world lasts, like a prisoner in the dock, charged with discovering the North Pole,
For an hour he was submitted to a searching eross-examination. For an hour he sat there answering questions, with a map of the Arctic spread before him, trasing his adventurous journey with his forefinger from the last glimpse of land to the great ice desert.
He smiled indulgantly now and again, as if he pitied our incredulity, but never once did he doeling to answer the questions, and they were pat to him baldly and directly.
TEE MAN.
One pictura will ever remain with me out of to-day's record the picture of a little sturdy man, with dreamy, grey-blue eyes that seemed te vision the desolate days that had been, a trim fair moustache stubbling his upper lip, a firm, strong chin now sborn of beard. A very ordinary catalogue of a man's features, but that is the most remarkable thing about him.
He is just a man of the type yon see every
day
He turned this way and that, replying lika witness giving avidanes bafom a Royal Commis sion. There were more than fifty examiners representing the newspapers of all the countries of the world, and the examiner-in-chief was Mr. W. T. Stead.
14
We thought you would be glad of the opportunity to clear up certain questiona," Mr. Blend said when all were seated." The world fa divided into two sections-Cookies and anti- Cookites. Personally, I am a Cookite, dear
dooter.
Dr. Cook began by correcting the errors which had been made in his first, Lerwick telegram. The reference to minns 83dege. Centigrade should have been minus 83degs. Fahrenheit The statement that, 30,000 square miles of land had been discovered also needed correction.
“By that I moant we could see Afteen miles both sides, north' and south," he said," and could clear 30,000 square miles out of unknown ‹distance, not now land.
We know now there is moving saics there. We know certain conditions of life and weather.
He looked us square in the face, and spoke slowly, deliberately, in a voice carrying truth in every word. "Thirty thonaond square miles has been taken from an naknown region.
CALCULATING DISTANCE.
*The furthest land north is betwem i thả 84th and 25th parallels near 102 meridian. There is game beyond Halberg Island. I found bear tracks at the 83rd parallel sad surface-life, algue, but I afterwards found no surface life..
We carried all the necessary instruments to eneurs the precision of our astronomical obser wing cbservations nearly every day, which MUA TẠO ĐỘ Vy from dư green
תן
we could check day aftor day."
“How did you calculate your distans?" I asked.
"We had pedometers," he said. We rogis. tored the distance. Then we took the time from the sun, and also from three chronometers and one watch carefully regulated. One watch only got out of order.
You see, we were equipped thoroughly from the scientific point of view, having sextants, barometers, and thermometers, I am perfectly 1907 familiar with making astronomical observations." Mr. Staid pointed out that it is possible for any scientist to compile a diary of a discovery of the North Pole.
70-1
Dr. Cook emilod and said in the voicy of one
man reasoning with another -
get no-
Why should any man do that p thing for it. I am not paid. I do it for love. There's no question of sport even. I have a real interest in the Fole. Why, then, should I sit in my office to make humbug observations for the sake of gaining a few miles"
"I do not think," said Mr. Stead," that you would have the colossal chook to bluff the whole world.
WITNESSES.
Then came the question of witnesses and the fact of all observations being made by one man-himself. How could he know and prove he was actually at the Polo P
I regard the Eskimos," said Dr. Cook, as being very much more intelligent than is usual- ly believed when it comes to finding positions on Arctis land without instruments, They know where they have been. They have a name for the Pole-the Big Nail. Although they are savagos they know the earth is round, and they appreciate the spirit in which exploration is undertaken.
Besides, Raspinssen has got something from the Ezkion. The chances are they would tell him things they would not tell me. He knows them and their language. You may have an Eskimo version of it all.
But I don't claim to have put my finger on the act spot where the earth turne.
"You said you jumped over it," Mr. Stead remarked,
That is figuratively speaking," De Cook replied. "I have been where longitude ends, where all points of the meridian meet. We practically skirted the Pole, but as to thể sxact distance of our approach it is impossible to say. Personally, I think we have been on the spot, although shon my observations are refigured it is possible that there will be a difference of a few metres or a fruction of a mile.
"This much Fl say: Had we fired a gun it would have been impossible not to shoot over the Pole. For working purposes we hoisted An American flag, and that was our centre.
We have brought the flag back with us, and we left a small silk fag in a metal cylinder, with a short account of the journey written in pencil, and sealed."
one.
of 15
But if the ice be moving," said· the cylinder may be carried many miles. The next, orptorer may find it, and say you have. never been to the Pele.
Dr. Cook spread cut the palms of his hands.
I don't care," he said, "I can't make land, and there was none for me to leave a flag on."
Will you place your observations before any geographical society of the world?" I asked.
-of
"I'm ready to do so," he replied. "Among scientists there is no doubt of my statement. I have received messages from Norwegian. Fraga, a Scottish societine acknowledging their belief in the accutaof. my statements. A letter from Berlin is on the way, and such great men as Amundsen, Cugni, denskjold, and Lecointe, the director of the
Prvatory, believe in me,
They know me. My proofs are the same that every explorer brings back with kimmy astronomical observations,
"I declare that I have found the North Pole, and I accept the full responsibility for what I say."
-
We cross-examined him on the remarkable speed per day.
The average distance of the north ran was slightly less than fifteen miles a day- In the south run it was slightly over ton. he said. This is not at all extraordinary for an Eskimo, though it is for a white man.
Tho. Eskimo understands dogs and ice.
"If you compare the speed with "the "old system of men-power it was very fast, but in Greenland the dogs travel fifty or sixty miles daily
One of our greatest advantages won that we did not take the famine route by Smith' Sound. We left with dogs from Groenland, fod them well, and ran the 400 miles over country covered with game. Tims we brought them to the Polar Sen fat and in good trim, and we could choose the best of the lot.
SCIENTIFIC DIET.
Then they had little stores to carry. Others have loaded sleds with provisions. We hired on pommican and beef tallow, as the Eaking does, only we reduced his food to a science
"Waran short of nothing going out. The rations were planned out to the last muce for dog and manach had about a pound of pemmican
daily
Only in coming back did we run-short of supplies. Wo intended coming down Nansen Sound, bat the ice took as adrift, and that delayed our return a year."
Dr. Cook said he will pablish his observations shortly. He took 400 photographs, including one of the Stars and Stripes waving at the Pole.
"Why should we use a silk tent, you ask, when the temperature was so low? The reason is that it requires one and a half hours to build a snow house. We used the tent for a change, and crept in in our sleeping bags. The men liked it, finding it more agreeable than now."
Dr. Cook spoke of his weapons-bows and arrows made from sledz, sling shot, lance, lasso, stone trap, and gun.
"My favourite ment is musk or," he said. "I don't like bear, seal, dog, or walrus. I have fried fox. Eskimos Bike for very much. For three months we lived on sider dacks and gulls.
"Musk ox is difficult to lasso on account of the humped back and downward bending of the horns. They will run at and-fight-everything that gets near them. So we used to hang nooses from the rooks and stalk the musk of He would rush head first into the nooso, and we had him. We took two months to learn that."
I felt I think all felt-that the yerdict of the Copenhagen jury was quite unanimous sa to the discovery of the North Pole.
ALPHONSE COURLANDER.
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