Page
·OPIUM SMOKERS.
The following paper entitled "Calculation of the percentages of opinn smokers in Chine, Bauchuan and Hongkong" a
g" was laid table at the Legislativa Council resterday s
*add
picture has frequently been drawb, especially in recent times, of the prevalence of oplom, smoking throughout China. For ex ample, to quote caly from a number of printed ers which reached me by last mail, Bishop papers Hours of Hongkong has stated that the opiam tende "increases the incalculable misery of millions of our fellows and tends to a grievous deterioration of a nobią race.” The Hor. Dr. Grifith John sserts that opin is not only robbing the Chiness of millions of money, year by year, but is actually destroying them as a people," Mr. George Cadbury speaks of the opiam trade demoralising, he the
a heathen nation for the sake of revenue." B. F. Horton remarks that "we are all profectly well aware that opium is the cause of anutter. able misery and destruction to the Chinese.". Finally Mr. Theodore C, Taylor, M.Pis good enough to say that from the point of view of reform the blackest opium spots in China are the spots under British rule, while the whole sumption underlying the speeches, made at a breakfast raseting at the Hotel Cecil, reported
dated April, 1908), was that the Chinese as a nation, were demoralised and rained by their addiction to the habit of opium smoking.
No doubt, in justification of such an opinion, it would be possible to refer to Arbiela 2 of the Propisals in Ten Articles for carrying out the which commenced as follows: The sles of Opinn Edict of the 20th September, 1906, opium smoking is of long standing, and it may be reckoned that some 30 to 40 per cent. of the. population are addicted thereto It, therefore, becomes desirable to consider what are the real facts as to the prevalence of opium smoking, and in this memorandum on endeavour it made to onlculate the percentages of opium smokers, (1) in Chins as a whole, (2) in the prerines of Souch'uen, where admittedly opinim smoking is heavier than in any other part of Chine and (3) in Hongkong
день
on the 28th of bat February
Grand total (exclusive of New Terri
toria)
THE HONGKONG DAILY PEESS, FRIDAY, JUNE 19TM#, 1998.
of
STATE
Mr. Moms does not my what amount of } pative opium was exported. Asaming, (here fore, that the whole amount was consumed in Chine, ond that the foreign import was in 1907, the same as in 1905, the total consumption CIGARETTES of opiam in China was 482,920 piouls, which, ithongh, considerably higher than Bir J. Jordan's estimats, still falls 328,070 plouls short of the amount necessary to give a rate of 2 par cent, of opium smokers in the Empire, mesuming the daily dose to be Ti«, 0.2.
BIR
APPENDIX 3.
EXPRESS AND TOBACCO.
555, 999 ASTORIAS, DE LUXE, QUO VADIS AND WINFRED CIGARETTES IN TINS OF 25 4. 10.
ARDATH TOBACCO in 18 & 1/4 lbz. · TINS GOLDEN HONEY DEW in 1/4 lbs. TINS SUPERB GOLD FLAKE in 1/4 lbs. TINS.
H. PRICE & CO. LTD.
WINE, SPIRIT & CIGAR MERCHANTS,
TELEPHONE No. 135.
Hongkong, 18th June, 1908,"
"THE TIMES" ON GERMANY
The German Government has declined to
negotiate with the United States a Treaty of States Government has lately concluded with
I in the issue of "National Ris fall months commenṣing from the 1st April, 1907 closed. Therefore, as I have shown that the all the high estimator: and Howie (1904), | Arbitration snob as those which the United
(1.) Percentage of opium smokers in China as a whole,Air John Jordan, in the first paragraph of bis general report on opind, dated in November, 1907, states that the population of Chins "is generally estimated at font hundred millions. ** - " Facther on in the same report he writes "The amount of mura, produced Chius in 1906, Las been stigated, as 324,000 pients page Of this total only 450 are exported to Foreign Countries Foreign an opium imported in
was me follow-
Malwa
Fatin ...
Bulinio
Other kinds.
Total
Thas China may be id;
for her own consumption in 1906
Piouls.
Native opinm ...995,270 Foreign opium... 54,225 *** 379,425
Total
12, QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL.
[36
Biterantire that 231,095, taols more than the j These figures speak for themselves, and they amount, estimated by Bin J. Jordan ars songo far to show that the outery, which has born raised an to the prevalence of the opium hatit rated in Bench'nan daily.
(3) Presentage of opiam smokers in Hong-among Chinese, has really no Justifosion in kongreve we no longer deal with estimates, fact, and add one more proof of the platitude but with aconrate Sgures. According to the that on the subject of oplum smoking there is Census returns of 1906 the Chinese population more loose thinking and loose writing, both among Chinese and Europenos than on aiment of the Colony was as follows:—
195,541 any other of the curious features which Chinese Hales over 18 years...
204288 ofvilisation
It Total males.*
presents to Western minds. Femsley over 15 years... Total female...
B.844
remains to apply the figures to the special que tion of the abolition of opium divans in Long: 95,567
kong, and le this connection it is necessary The official Obiness, misus of 1902 gius the 319,808 to premise that the abolition of divans will cost population of Esuch'uan as 68,724,890. This money, and to recapitulate the focus, that prae. figure in acepted by Mr. Broomball (p. 225 of Total population of that part of the New Territories not included in the above
tically all smokers of dross ogiam are slaves of his book above quoted: and M. Kennelly (p. 105 igures, as stimated in 1901 85,011 the habit that the large majority of persons of his book above quoted) gires 68,724,000 as Therefore, the Grand Total of the Chinese who smoke prepared opium in divans are also the population. It may, therefore, be said that population in the Colony and its New Torri-slays of the babit: that after the abolition of the missionary bodles accepta considerable higher
Bgara te
than dir Jordan and of Borse, at this Lorien was 319,8113+85,011-404,814 and the divans the Opium Farmer will continue, se total number of males and females over 15 years heretofore, to pomes the right of selling pro- figure, the percentage of opium smokers will be. by Sir A. given of age in the Colony (excluding the New pared and dross spiùm to the general public; be considerably lower than that Territories, for which Agares are not available) and that, sell, under existing or a Hosie, Mr. Morse (p. 23 of his book above was 195,541 +66,8442629,84.
average monthly weight of 27,901.229 Now the only parson in the Colony and its prepared opiam is sold by the Farmer for writes of the population of this province: ranged from 35,000,000 (Hobson,, New Territories, from whom prepared epium consumption in the Colony for ontside divans. It wearstimates made within the last twenty and drose opium can be bought, is the Opium is not to be supposed that a half, probably 1892) to 79.300,000 Popoff, 1894); bat the Farmer and as the result of a detailed examins. not even a quarter of the persons, who pes general tendency of investigators has been to tion of the Opium Farmer's account books in viously smoked in divans will forego their day put it batween 50,000,000 and 65,060,000; May, 1908, I was scertained that during 14 allowance of opium when the divann hare boon Parker (1903) is inclined, however, to doubt Average raght of 30,788.39 taels of dross number of dross smokers is at most 1785 par than whom few have studied the prosince
The Gorman some of the other Powere opium hack been supplied monthly to dross cent and that of propsred opinin smokers more carefully, puts it at 45,000,000. This
by
Sir J. Jordan and it
Government will probably be severely canatired opium divan that an average weight of in divans at moet 1.787 per bent of the total 1st is the fgage quoted
a conservative estimate. 18,487,392
tans of prepared oplum had been Chiness population, the number of paraus will be won that it is a
for this decision. Yet, no more respectable supplied monthly to prepared opiam divant, whom the stolition of divans may care of the With regard to the amount of opium con- and that an average weight of 27701.23, is opiam habit is certainly lose thana bulf, and sumed in the province, Mr. Morse 34 decision has been taken by that Government for per cent.saysTherioognised authority for Szechwan long time past. The German nation has a of prepared.cpfum bad best supplied mostly probably not even a quarter of 3.582 to customers for consumption, in the Colony of the total Chinese population. In order, then, to-day is Mr. A. Hosis, Int his consular one well as a view of the rights sod must be the guardian of its own rights as well Assuming, therefore, a month of 3041 days it bably not even 0.395 per cent of the total Chinese of Parliament, October 1904, Cd. 2247), as the failer of its own dudes. Many years and the New Territories quieido divans that certainly less than 1.791 per cent, and pre-report for 1909. (presented to both Houses duties of antions. That riens is that a nation “os tús result of a careful detailed ago the most eminent. Geram jurist of his follows that the average daily conmmption was population may perhaps be delivered from the (6) 1,012:44 taels of dross, opium in divan, vice of opinn smoking, -tes, in-payment of
Salonlation, he states that the consumption of Satokwan-grewa opium by the inhabitan is time, Thering. published a popular essay His. view patitled The Fight for Right." by 607,997,iphis, of prepared spium in diving consumption to the Opium Farmer and to
of Szechwan is 182,300 piculs. If to this be that the hope that in the affairs of (0) 910.925 taels of propared opitim outsidodiran, Keepers and in loss of revenge, must be divans. And, aming farther that (a) a dross imposed on the remaining 98.209 per cent or added the probable export etward from this world the right will prevail can reason. amoker consumes 2-pots weighing 007 toels 99,105 parent of Chinese, and upon the the province, we have probable production bly be oberished only by those who are each, of drous opints par diwas and the that whold mon Chinese, population of the Colony of not less than 250,00 picule. will be willing to make the sacrifices involved in smoker, of prepare opine pance 2 pats, Further than this, of least 7,212, and probably seen that Bir J. Jordan hna bocepted the figurenghting for the right, Jhering, was not more than 10.843, divan habituse, whom the 182,000 punie, as the toho pennymed in the directly discussing international relations. He per weighing 2 (son, of prepared opiam,
was dealing with the duty of the citizen ta diem, (both those figures being taken as low as abolition of divas leaves puregenerate, will not, province, from Bir A. Higie,
maintain his own righteous muss by sotion: io possible in order that the percentages calculated as hitherto smoke opium in premises, hore
thy law courte. But in the course of his argu may be the highest possible, though it is well they are under the direct control of the Police
ment be showed that all existing rights have ROBINSON PIANO Co., LTD. known that gonfirmed opium smokers and those and Sanitary Department, but will be free to
been established through conlist, and represent to whom the habit is deleterious consume for smoke in say alace tier choose, to the probabla detrim t of the good order and ssultation of
victories of right over wrong won by sacrifices more), the following figyre resulų – i
made in the assertion or defenes of just causes. 1) The pumber of persons who smoke dross
The restaning which he applied to the case of oplam is
litigante is equally applicable to thing of nations in confist, for of course every international dispate tarns on a question of rights, that is, `a question of right and wrong. The Germans zee only for well aware that the national unity: which is to them at any rate in the political aphere the ffmum bonum, or supreme good, WA attained through sharp conflicts through Straggler for existence. They are not prepared Kindly to entrust it to the profection of the public opinion of other nations, not always disposed to them. In this the Germans are quite Fight. If the questions at issue between Prassis and Austria in 1866 had been submitted to arbitration it is certain that no possible Court would have giren an award in any way resembling or commensurate with the results obtained in the war of that year. The Germans think their own files of what is right better than other people's. Every nation thinks anch
(1) The pumbag pored opfum in. dioz
til the pumb Pared opiumot
3430
gener
public
picah
have required Amo
data
ap, the abolition of opium
7232, and
cost yil fall mainly upon 93.75 per, sint, of Chinese population, who do not Kamoke opiate and up the whole por Chinees,
Mr. Morse (loc, eit) says No fore guopium bag ever been imported into Senchmar
THE-OPIUN TRAFFIC,
"INTER FAȚIONAL CONFERENCE.
person" (perhaps hot
give, up-opam."""Important negotiations which have been quietly carried on by the State Department for this result will bonghieved at a cost the last two years have just been completed. would not have been greater hot all thế. Improved by the necessity of prohibiting the
rane def- tome 11465
importation of opium isto, the Philipines of account of the mom and bysical, deterioration following lense, the American Government, after eareful investigation by expert of the nes of spinm, sent circular Note to the rest Power interested, fathe gaslion, inviting them to take part in an international conferencs to comer the question of the limitation or the al prohibition of the importation of igm except for medicinal purposes, and to consider such other plines of the question as might arise. Bitce 1908 this correspondance he been carried on, and the Washington Government has now scoured the scent of all the Great Powers to send delegates to a conference.
While a broad ageement between the Powers The last Chinese official census of the popa-has been retched in principle, the details base The total ratio is, therefore, 625 per cent.ation, taken in 1902, gives the following yet to be considered, so that it may be some months befors the conference meets; but the figure (ii)-Peronntage of opian smokers in the
State Department bops to have matter in such adnit male and female, Chinese population (ex-
a concrete shape that the scope of the agreement cluding the New Territories)
can be laid before Congress before the end of the present session, and that body can make the of the Decessary appropriation for the expenses American delegates.
from ligne (1.) Percentago
opianokers in the total Chinese population (including the New Territories);→
(a) dross smokers 1.785 per cent (b) prepared opium smokers in divans 1.787 per cent.
(e) prepared opium smokers outside divans 2.678, per cont.
(a.)-dros smokers 2.754 per cent.
(b.) prepared opiam smokers in divans 2.758 percent.
(o) prepared.opium smokers vatsido divans 4.132
per cent.
The total ratio is, therefore, 9.644 per cent (i) Percentage of opium smokers in the Chinese anale population over 15 years of age (excluding the New Territories):
(*) drues smokers 3.696 per cont. (b.]-prepared opium smokers in divans 3.701 per cent,
(c.) prepared opium smokers outside divaus 5.545 per cont.,
stil 7242 and proadly more Wan 10,848 confirmed opium smoken will be debarred from smoking in the dirang, of which they are babitués, and will thus in large measure be released r m police and sanitary parvision.
C. CLEMENTI, Asistant Col nial Seoratory. Hongkong, 12th Jugs, 1908.
APPENDIX A.
Eighteen Province Kwang Trung. 3) 965,251
Fakiso
Cheling...
Kiangan
5. Bhantang...
Chibli....
Hupet
Kiagra!
A
Andrei
10. Honka
Hunsu
Kani
Shemal
Shans!
15. Szechwan
ποτέ Kwelshow Kwang.i
Macchuria
92,876,540
...11,583,692 ... 13,980,235 ... 38,247 9J0 2,987,000 35,28 (685 26,532,125.
23,670,314
35.316.800
$2,16-673
10,385,376
8,450,182 12,200,456
... 65,7-4,890 12.324,574 7,650,282 3,142,330
Dependencies.
8,500,000 Mongolia ...
2,58 1400 Tibet..... 6 430.000 Chinese Turke-
atan (S'kiang) 1,200,000
407,935,305
CALL AND SEE THE
RACHALS-AUTO
PLAYER PIANO
AT THE
the same, but the Germans has the courage of allura and disgrace, is proved by the history of their opinion. They are prepared to back it. the Territorial Army, which has not attracted They have a population of sixty millions, and more than's third of those who a year ago were all their young men have been trained to arms proud to be Volunteers. Bebind their national conscience is an army of three million men, and a Navy which ia quality to none, and which it is the national As may be to make second to will as quickly as may be
one in strənglə.
German stateamon have sometimes seemed to to be untorapalons. It did not seem right
18
IND AN ITEMS.
H. H. the Nisam of Hyderabad has given handsome donation of one lakh of rupees to the
No panelusion has been resobed as to the or noble or generons for Bismarcks and his Indian Pople's Faming Fund.
number of delegates to which oseb oodatry will be entitled, but three will probably be agreed upon; nor las the place of meeting bean deter-1 minod, Int Copinion inelines towards Bhanghai affording the largest hac lities for an intimate study of the question.
ад
Great Britain has grater. interests at stake as clase sa that of any other crance is February 1908: Here as undir : To Bombay
Madras,
successes to set afoot a campaign of misrepre sentation of England. It was certainly not
The values of the exports of action plecă right of Bismarck to deceive his sountrymen au
did over the first steps of his Colonial policy. goods of all kinds from the United Kingdom to But the German public was misled, not de- British India during the two tabs ended bauched. The German national
The £1,892,568;
£332,243; Bengal, German Government in most of its quarrels £2,525,061 Burma, £259,587 takes very good care to have the national con- sojence behind it. That is sa accepted rule, to
Strong representations have been regelved- which the case of 1864 Is sxception. It cherefore baboves, any ratign with which there form the Darbara, of Native States and opiam is any chanos, of Germany's sacrstling to dis merchants in Bombay, that the rediction in cansing them Guan-
moral ect that all other consideration will miss from it thoughts, all knob devials or importa of linn preferential treat-
is drastically enforced. In Japan the importa tion of opium is slao prohibited under more stringent regulations, which prohibit its us
Lpurposes. except for actual medicinal
or
or 50,599,533 lbs. weight, or 22,588 tone, of which about one seventh comes from "India" As opium is always retailed in taele, I may add that one picnt equals 1,600 taal There fore, 379,495 picula equal 607,192,000 tsels,
a confirized Now no person can be ansidered
smoker, unless he consumes about Tls. spine 0.2of prepared opium per diem. «I have intentionally taken a very low figure, in order that the resulting percentage may be the highest possible: but, as a matter of fact, Sir J. Jordan, writing on the 14th August, 1907, states that "a smokor of Tis. 0.3 weight a day of Indian opium requira Tls. 0.4 of Chinese opium to produce the same effect," the serump- tion being that a confirmed opium smoker will Consume twice the weight which I have adopted for purposes of this calculation. Estimating
of therefore, a total annual consumption 607,192,000 taels, the daily consumption will be 1,663,559 tasis: and allowing The, 0.2 for each per diem, it results that there are amoker 8,317,695 persons who smoke spium in the The total ratio is, therefore, 12 942 per cent Chinese Empire. Curiondly enough these figures
I desire again to state omphatically that these agres closely with the statement made by Sir are the highest possible percentages: and that J. Jordan in a despstal to the Foreign Office, the trae percentage is probably at least one third dated the 30th September, 1906, in which he lower than the figures above given, for it is writis, that the opium habit has "gained a certain that prepared, opium and dross opin firm hold upon 8,000,000 of the adult popala-smokers as a role consume much more than tion of the Empire", although at the date the 024 inele sud 14 taels respectively per diem British Minister at Peking could not an yet In this connection the present Opium Farmer's have been in posession of the figuras
as quoted secretary, Ch'an K'ai-meng, made the follow in bis report of November, 1907.
Damely that all dross smokers are confirmed Assuming, then, that the total population of ing statements to me on the 12th instant the Empire is 400,000,000, of whom 8,000,000 opium smokers, otherwise, as ka pate it they are opiam suckers, the number of persons who would not smoke dross opium: that a dros smoke opium in the Chinese Empire is oly smoker oopsames on the average 3 Fats, 5 2 per cent. But I must point out that even this Tls. 0,21, of dross opium per diem; that most percentage is far too high for 67,192,000 habitues of prepared opium divans are confirmed
The weight of w opium before pre-opiam amokars; that prepared spiam, smokers.5, in bla translation of E. Hichard's tals la paration, whereas Tis. 0.2 is the weight of pre-fall into three groups: pared opium 88.consumed. Now the Govern ment Analyst at Hongkong has recently reported that raw opium by preparation loses 50 per cent. of its weight: therefore, the amount of prepared oplam actually consumed will only be half the weight of the raw opizm de, the daily consumption of prepared opium in Chins will be 891,769-5 teels and the number
(c.) well-to-do Chinese: thess would coneume of opium smokers falls to 4,158,847, or only
from T.0.3 per diem upwards; Tis 0.5 would about one per cent. of the total popriation of not be unusual: some smoke as much as ons the Chinese Empire. The conclusion of the tael a day and he has known a man who spk mattar is, therefore, this: that, supposing the ed two (sels day.
Ar. Chan added that Tls. 0.3 of prepared, writes Parker's estimate of 85,000,000 The two chief causes for this state of things not been also the mission of Great Brital whith 1 million stording to epend on buying
and what bas it been consumption of opium in China to be twice as
popola, föredemption, and so they went up... Large as that estimated by Sir J. Jordan, or in ropiam is shent the average does in all classes, probably the safest to follow. For China are first the complaints of the Chinese mer that sustion cannot fulfidag mission inley Now it dawns on the public that there are 100 other words making a most liberal, and even It will be men, therefore, that in assuming the outside the Wall the safest estimates are chants that they cannot obtain any payment'
isenes; selling by the Beers Company The Indian excessive, allowance for manggling, and for such daily consumption of each smekor- to be Tis, 15,000,000 for Mancharis and 10,000,000 for for the provisions and forage which they have it can command, its people for the purpose diem, opium smokers are only 2 per cent. of the opiam, I have taken ; course, decrease the 411.000.000.** persons as may consume less than 18. 0,2 per 0.14 of dress opium and Tls. 0.084 of prepared Mongolis, Tibet, etc., making with Parker's supplied to the Russian Army: They are Of late feare there has been current à suspieler reasons for the fall-new tier trouble: low figures. By estimate for China Proper, total of refusing to have any farther dealings with the for surmise that the people of Great Britain fear of Iodian internal untest; selling in con
will not be commanded for any purpose Lection with deceased estates tired Bull esles, Russian authorities, and threatening them incress in them will,
however in tujust suspicion, admiss and so on. Mr. Strauss, M.P., now says he population.
Percentage of opium smokers in Sencă'uca,
of opioni mokers in the population percentage
course any increase in the estimated po with retaliation is dus to the thoreaude of which belies the aliaracter of the nation, dombts if Government has any money to buy Province-Sir J. Jorian reports that the pro duction of opium in Esteb'uen is 200,000 piouls above calculated. Mr. Ch'as gave it as his pulation will decrease the percentage of opium
Chinese labourers who are invading the Russian What is trus is that a nation will not be with just at present owing to the dossness of opinion
that about 10 per cent of the adult smoker, and vice vUITĖ. annually, of which 182,000 are consumed in male population were opium smokers lower Mr. Moorse in the same (pp. 345-550) frontier in the hope that they may find employ.commended for trifles or for any cause which the Budget. Meanwhile in the province, practically no foreign opium and more probable estimate than the 12,142 per estimates the production bookie-a-sm front in the construction of the Amur Railway. does not appear to its deepest feeling and making them an example of levelheadedness British stateames in their party for Government Paper in spite of bombs and entering this port of China. In another part
Their presence is a standing monere to the instincts,
only the habit of and Government which has shown of the same report ir J. Jordan poiste out that
pesoefal population on the Rassian side of the controversies bave
control but the perception, that there are itself father incapable of understanding the Beach usa alone produces close on two-thirds"
border, for the immigrants being in a state of of the total opinm production in China. He
terrible poverty are constantly making täide to feelings had far more deeply rooted that present, situation of the country, het not gone and far down to any extent and the shares of the local adds that "the population of the province is
Lke questions and controveraies usually
banks are bigh as ever. estimated at 45,000,000, and Sir A. Hosie is of opinion that 17 per cent, of the adults and 7
(a.) coolies of these there are only a few, and they would probably smoke 2 pote, ie, Tis. 0,084, of prepared opinn and a pot of dress epium in addition
(b.) band-coolies and the poorer class of shopkeepers: these would consume at least Tip 0.3 per diem.
of
cent, calonated in the preceding paragraph. He also said that in Hongkong scarcely any women smoke opiam."
In confrmation of these figures I may add that, in a letter dated the 4th instant, the Chief Detective Inspector reports that of 1,36 Chinese employed on the railway tunnel at
per cent of the entire population are addicted | Kowloon (646 being coolies), 127 mmcke opins
than other countries in any attempt to restrict the nae of opium, owing to the effects of restrio tion on the revenue of the Indian Govern ment; but the American Government looks at the matter from the moral standpoint, and bo lieves that it is a question of eneb far-reaching have little weight against the beneficisi resate defences as arbitration treaties, tribunals, and mal loss which; it to hoped, will followed for the the public opinion of the world. If Germany went and urge that their trade is zaore angibat then a quarrel it will be one which ber people and important than that of Bangal1 It ir kt. of the opiam traße,
for which they will be willing to picted that the usual forecast will be in this Pallippines, despite the presence of a large think just, sud red thousand. In an: notion mox, but it is an onmidered possible thef
the importation of opium Chinese population, the top it is stated, undertaken by a nation like that the adversary Malwa opium will be increased at the bust is totally 18,710,000
will do well to have a good cause and Bergal, Grand Total, 428.045.805
clear conscience. Bat more than a good cause will be required unless the adversary
The representation of the Rorabay Elham are wishes for the honour of martyrdom of Commerce relating to the 3 per cent. loan in These Egures are accepted as hey stand by Marshall Hroomball, R., Editorial Beoretary
Annihilation for conscience sake. A fighting The Chinese of the Chios Inland Mission in
force able t, beat that of Germany will also be before the Government of India. The whole Empire, & General and Missionary Survey
niconsary for winning the case. This is the qupation was claqussed some time ago, but owớng (pp. 2 and 42), published in 1907. M. Kennelly
moral to be drawn from Germany's refusal to to a difference of opinion with the Secretary of aks treaties binding her, togatinit dispates to State to progress was made. There are two prehensive Geography of the Chinese Em-
arbitration, She Fill submit her disputes to rays of meeting the situation, vis:(!) by the pire," published in 1908 (pp. 5. and 8), gives
the old fashioned arbitramet of battis The conversion of the len into a per acht paper: astne figures for dependencies, but pais.
Garmans are in ao far wise that they will not or (3) by the purchase by G seramigt of the the population of the eighteen Provinces at
disarm in reliance upon any international whole lot. It was a small loan of erores and St. Petersburg, May 16s- 400,000,000. It may, therefore be said that both
A decision on the subjsot: Protestant and Roman Catholic Misionaries Advices which come te band from various tribunal because, the tribuns might not iske, Gorerbeut now holds over four stores in the are agreed that the population of the Chinese town in Siberis all tend to show beyond doubt their view of what is right, and they think their currency reserv
that the relations between Russians and Obiness own conscience, as good on that of the probable may be expected by the next nutuma Empire exceeds 400,000.090. Finally Mr. H. B. Morse, A., Harvard, Commissioner of
tinho fall of two ju gosols has elicited a great on the frontier are becoming more and mora average tifügg. They are prepared to, make Customs and Statistical Secretary to the strained, and though the actual trouble is their view of what is right prevail, Enepoi torate General of Customs, Ubins, in his at present confined to a few covert acts of not a bad bondéption of the patrons for which deal of copment, remarken Indian contempor
a nation existe. It was the mission of Bomey are. Pas fect behind the recent fine was that book The Trade and Administration of the hostility a more serious situation must not badly performed on the bole that the Chatoslior o to, xohequer should have Chinese Empire," published in 198 (p. 203), arise...
China to be →
.
Cost Provinces
Yangtans ProvinceŃ
Island Provinces
Com
Ficule.
42,500
10,500
323,000
376,000
2
He adds "It cannot be asserted that this
For
RUSSO-CHINESE RELATIONS.
TROUBLE BREWING ON THE FRONTIÉE,
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The Logging of A Chinesa mandarin by in ins between the parties. It would
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and foreign, For it is possible that meat gems to reflect somewhat on the source of that:
Russian colonel has also roused the indignation be a good thing it our statormen were
time to put to
The Indian Daily News enysThe news to opium smoking." Bir J. Jordan-does not that there are 5) licensed almira in the Hill figure is measurably erot bat it may be of the native populace, and drasile measures will from time to state apon what data Sir A. Hosis arrived at District, married by 100 men, none of whom anfely smerted that the production of opium have to be spoedily taken if a serices confict selves the question, What does England from Hongkong, that the Chamber of Com- staud for in the world and were to use the mere predict disaster to the Colony's prosperity it the opium dens are that down, his conclusion bat arguing from the Sgures smoke opism: that there are 624 licensed chairs in China to-day is, at the lowest, six-fold, and between the two parian is to be avoided.
answer la shaping their policy, both which he has bimself sapplied, it follows, that in Victoris, carried by 1,248 men, of whom 13 is more probably eight-fold, the quantity of 182,000 piouls of raw opium will boil down into 91,000 plouls of prepared opium, or 145,606,000 smoke opium; that there are 1,225 licensed the present import of foreign opium.""
jibriokshaws in
Victoria and Quarry Bay, the weight of foreign opiam imported Mr. zacis, implying a daily consumption of 398.004 driven by 2,450 man, of whom 34 smoke opium: Morse gives no statistics more recent tha heels. Assuming once more that each smoker and that there are 260 licensed jinrickshaws in 1905, for which year ho gives, on page 342, the consumes Tls. 0.2 per diem, it results that there Kowloon, driven by 250 men, of whom 24 amoke
following figures:** . are 1,994,52⚫ opium suckers in Bruch'uan, .., opium. 4 per cent, of the whole population.
f it
If is true that 7 per cout of the whole population smoke oplam, then, a 3,150,000 persons consume daily 398,90% tools of opiam, It follows that each opiam smoker will consutos only Tis 0,126 per diem se., about one fourth of the amount sevimated by Sir J. Jordan in his depatch of 14th Augus', 1907, or in the
ل الله
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r.
Plouis.
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51,920
Opiam reported to Imperial Mari-
tige Customs... Opinn imported aither by junk legitimately, but not reported to the Imperial Maritime Cos tomia, or smuggled .......
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5,000
56,920
LATEST STEAMER MOVEMENTS.
น
via Macile.
The E. & A. str. Empire from Sydney, ko, left Fort Dars in on the 18th inst. for this port The I.G.M. str. P, E. Friedrich which left here on the 20th alt, at noon, arrived at Genoa The C.P.R. str. Empress of India arrived Nagnuski st 10.30 am. on Thursday, 18th just and left again at 10 p.m. same day for Kobe, where, she is due to arrive at 10 p.m. to-day.
on the 17th inst. at 3.m.
right to her place in the world may one of the prosperity... It seems an odd thing that the days be challenged, and it no purpose can be at Chamber of Commerce should take such a view. before her people they cannot be spected in If the Calcutta Chamber of Commeres were to respond to the call to justify the nation say that the closing of the drink shops would oxistence by their blood. Yet unless they are be a dreadful calamity to the prosperity of the willing to do that, and trained and organised city, everyone would langb. Of course, how as to be ready to do it, a grast crisis lll be stever, the Chamber know what they are talking not as Englishmen would wish but by the appeal about and probably they are proteiing merel to the arbitration of the who will not know against the hypocrisy of the whole thing and why England should be worth preserving. That the imposibility of the whole thing,, for a the people do not realise that such aballange la Government goaded by wild missionaries possible, or that unreadiness might lead to often bites off more than it can chew..