Page
NORTHERN NOTES.
The following notes are from the P. & T. Times down to the 29th alt: 1
The Russian authorities propose to start English newspaper at Port Arthur to support Bassian Interests in the Far East,
General Wognok has been appointed to the Tear's personal suite.
M. Weber, Hamsian special Envoy to Ceres, is said to have been presented with a puro of yen 10,000 by the Corian Government on going
home.
The Russian and Austrian Ministers arrived at Tinateln on this 28th, en route to Peking, Their Excellepolen travelled by the Siberian
AMERICAN OPINIONS ABOUT
SAS MANCHURIA.
THE HONGKONG DAILY FRTSS, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 10mm 1903
writer gives the expanditure of the several me:X- governing, colonies upon defence. He showe that Canada, for instance, maintains 40,000 The New York correspondent of the Times notivo millia, at the cost of 1-53rd of her gives a number of quotations from
papara in
Yorou na. Now, veral other colonies spend for
the United States with regard to Russian diplomacy in Manchuris. The writer says, under date 6th May:---
The American Treas feels itself under no
It uses the language of plain-speaking men in
more upon military defence, besides contributing to the nest. Thus, Tasmanis supports 8,000 volunteer, at a cost of 1-8th of her revenue New Zealand 17,000 militia, at a cost of obligation to imitate the diplomatic suavities of 1-16th; Cape Colony, 8,000 volanteers, at a ocat of 1-24th, and so on. It is not easy to the State Department concerning Russig'a dia- arowal of her meditated piracies in Manchariases that there statistin tear out the author's contention as regards the Imperial spirit of the Canadians. Thening to the second point, we are told that Canada and New Zealand are the only coloties independent of Imperial aid. We find passage: Canada spends a thirty-third of her rovenne upon her defence; her seabeard and tion with regard to the United Kingdoms must needs make that defence more Imperial than colonial, sed it will be readily conceded that this
everyday life. If there were a journal disposed yesterday to accept Russia's professious at their full value it was the Sun. Bat the Sun to-day pablishes a London despatch, which is so printed
ANGLO-PORTUGUESE RELATIONS.
The week of King Edward's presence in
Libon was a work of domestic trace through ont Portugal. Nowhere were there any tigns of anti-British fooling, the Times correspondent records. Even the Republicais and Socialist organs fell cordially into lins behind the official representatives of Portugal and the long-tried partisans of an Anglo-Portugeess aliance. Doubts and hesitations, the critical attitude in general, found no public expression. Inconversa. tion, however, it was easy to detest an noder tone of patriotic auxisty sa to the possibility of nxiety assumed two forms. The patriotis Portuguese referred to were evidently putting to timsolves the double question: How far, practically, can we count on England to honour her signature in the realisation of the offensive and defensive alliance which bas recently been confirmed? Secondly, can we count on ourselves to make the most of the alliance!
PHOTOGRAPHIC
EASTMAN'S KODAKS,
3
PLATES, PAPERS AND CHEMICALS
AND ACCESSORIES,
DEVELOPING AND PRINTING UNDERTAKEN
A. CHEE & CO.,
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INSURANCES Considering the im.:
routs and were, only two weeks from Moscow to and placed as to have editorial weight, declaring support for this contention in the following Practical sanctions for the alliance. This becomes a question of life or death for Portugal |
Tieriais.
The Corean Governnient is said to bare wired
ú
that the text of the documents sent to yon fret Peking constitutes complete proof to the Governor at Wiju to instruct all Russians of Russia's bad faith," adding The denials position in commerce, and her geographical posi.
in that district to leave immediately. We can quite fancy the order being carried ant
Prince Ching a mental anxiety continues to
Rasian made three days ago by the Ambassadors in, Washington and London were nothing less than insults to the Amerisau
poft him for his duties and he has boen granted and British nations in their shamless monda, colony in the first sound link in Imperial defanos. farther leave. Most of the members of the city." This writer considers that a "crisis has ‡ Ãs to surpins men and materisi, Canadian
Government may be expected to have family bercavements or alarming health symptoms at this juncture.
arrived, created by the unprincipled condnet of a Great Power." Rurais has violated all the
conventions and tacit understandings of conduct which govern relations between civilised come munitie. Hence there is need of new action.
Minister are of opinion that an admirable JESPITE OF SERIAn could be formed." From this
pletely fulfil her obligations by creating such a Major Bilborn argues that Canada will com naval reserve. Bis meaning is obscure, bat he
From Taokao to Tai Wan-chen the Peking Syndicate is said to have expended Tis, 163,000 -in land parchaso for the railway line. Survey" American trade Interests alone might be ignor implies that the mission of Canada will be to
are now being made beyond Tai Wen-chen, and further purchases will be made in the autumn.
The gravo-yard of a certain Prince in a dis trict south of Peking is reported to have been robbed and the coffins opened rocantly, the matter being argently reported to the Peking Prefect. The robbera obtained a large quantity. of gold and jewelry from the coffins,
Some trouble has occurred in the Henan Col- lage, the students all leaving on account of some undue harshness on the part of the prin cigais. The Governor investigated the matter, canaured the teachers and persuaded the
students to return,
Tantai Yao Bung-yp, the son-in-law of Sheng Tajon, who died some three weeks ago, rashly offered to refit the Summer Palace with slectric
• light at his om expense. Bine bis death, which occurred quite suddenly, Enunoh La and Prince Ching have suggested that Sheng carry out his late son-in-law's intentions. Sheng is now somewhat seriously considering whether sons-in-law are not rather a mistake.
An editorial articls says:-"The mountary situation remains much the sasis, save for the inevitable tendency to gas worse so long things are left to drift. The officials and lead- ing commercial man in whose hands it rests to
ad. No considerations of trade or commerce are likely at the present day to drive America and Great Brition loto that combination which the rest of the world so much dreads. An is as great and fundamental as that which Russia has raised might do so. Nay, it should."
The Sus, which gives there conasels to the public, is, parliope, the latest of important American journals to support Anglo-American friendship. The New York Times, also recent in its political affection, quetes and opplands your phrase which described the bewilder- ment of Western Europe and America at the Oriental diplomacy of Rassin, saying that these Russian diplomatic procedures were incom prehensible to nations which mean what they say and expect others to men what they say," And Russia is called on still to declare what sho mentis. Side sientances to the United States are not enough. One hopes Russia will be moved to express herself through diplomatic channels man to man or nation to nation, and ray what she wants and what sho means. Pussia has not dose so yet, but it is to be hoped that some among her statesmen may be able to see that it is desirable she should do so."
From all which it in evident that the Ameri- can public do not believe the Russian denials
supply as with food in time of war by manning with her reserve a fleet of blockade runners. The argument is not sound, beasure we obtain the bulk of our food from America, and should gentinus to do so while at peaca with that country. A state of war would not szable Canada to become, at the sound of the firal gun, a great food depot for these islands. Besides, if it were so, Canada would still bo feathering her own nest by selling us these sup- Equally obscure and unsound is the pe argument as applied to New Zealand. Her position is secure," we read, and her most generans contribution to the Empire's defence is her own independence of naval protection." How can it be held that New Zealand will be in dependent of the protection of the Imperial fret? We find no answer to this. The remaining colo nies, Major Bilbara says, ara directly dependent Their con- apon the mother country. tributions towards the flest in money.
really
embarrass. he argues,
as by which is meant that we are required to tether a certain number of omnisers to the Australian coast Eat no such cenditka is made, except by Australia, so that the contribution, though relatively small, are accepted by our Government as morally
ment to
199
ORTH GERMAN FIRE INSUR
ANCE COMPANY OF HAMBURG
'The Underalgood AGENTS of the above
is Portugal's duty possibility for England of despetaking a relief corpa rapidly to Portuguese territory, it sa to organise har resources ka to prevent ali possibility of invasion. Portugal must norifies Compeor are FRETIRED TO ACCEPT First
STEMSSEN & CO. her projects of coast defence to the development Glass Foreign and Chinese Risk C First of a well-disciplined army, ready for any smer.
Hongkong, 29th May 1895-
[27 goucy and capable of holding sa enemy at bay, pending the arrival of British resistance.
AACHEN AND MUNICH FIRE, IN- SURANCE CO.
CHINA IN THE HANDS OF SHYLOCKS:
Under the above heading the St. Louis Chronicle prints the following aditorial :--
The way the Powers have of placking China is not calculated to unmoor the legging Orientals with the ways of modern civilisation. The preposition that the enormous indemnities
The former question, while not meant to imply any doubts to England's loyalty, yet revealed the natural ansceptibililen of a little State, and its apprehensions lest a pact in which Portugal in now a proud and equal partner should be converted into a relationship fraplying the subordination of the weaker to the stronger Power: This fear har found
be paid in gold is one that appeals only to a to serious ond ΠΙΟ unmistakable and honest expression, sad it acted on account of the Boxer uprining shall would look it. It found characteristic utterance in Shylook. China in doing a great deal for the the following page from the Novidades: world jest now in furnishing kink for "While we have defended the alliance with the silver that most other natione are
white metal as money does not seem mutirely England as being for us the most logical, the consistently ignoring. Even to the dyed most untursi, and the most far-sighted arrange-in-the-wool gold menemetalints the sae of the ment possible, we have at the same time insisted
out of order. Until a generation ago silver was on this formalaus the synthesis of our reflections on this subject-offiados sem, prote-
tion."
Ber vo
Over-
coveted as much as geld. The proportionato
Rates.
OF AIX-LA-CHAPELL.
AGENTS for the above Company, are THE Undoraigned, having been appointed propared to ACCEPT RISKS against FIRE at Current Rates.
REUTER, BRÖCKELMANN & co.
Agents. Hongkong, 21st April, 1897 GENERAL MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF DRESDEN.
118
AGENTS for the above Company, are and THE Undersigned, having been appointed
HOTZ, s'JACOB & CO.
[2327 Hongkong, Ant September, 1902. prepared to ACCEPT FOREIGN
CHINESE RISKS.
NORTHERN ASSURANCE CO.
ESTABLISHED 1886.
gidos não! Our ideas have not changed. An production of the two metals since that time alliance is a compact which is all to our honour: does not seem to justify the enormous shriskaga
THE Undersigned Agents of above Company protectorate would be humiliating subordina-in ratio value that has taken place. Another generation and doubtless there will be an
are prepared to accept First-class Foreiga entiro readjustment that will perhaps en and Chinese RISKS against FIRE at Current throne silver with gold se a twin standard of Etates
TURNER & CO. value. Meanwhile China does well her part in
Hongkong, 14th January, 1913. absorbing the production of the less valuable metal. Conocding the immense distress that
The thought that a result of the alliance might be supius aequiescence en the part of Portugal in a situation in which the would play the ride of a protected Power is not so much a
(216
proof of distrust of England as a mark of would reigu were the value of the repudiatPHENIX FIRE OFFICE Portugune distrust of the Portuguese tempered money metal to shrink still further, the The Undersigned are now prepared to munt l'eelf. Herein lies the curious interest of Powers should seek rather to help Chins with GRANT POLICIES of INSURANCE the present situatka. The Portuguese feel
her burden thar to pils still bessier loads upon against FIRE at Current Rates. that the present moment is pregnant with fresh her bending shoulders. The amount of the opportunities and duties. Yet they are so little indemnity we fixed by the Powers and com self-confident today that they tremble at puted, as far as Chino was concerned, in terms the thought that the occasions and oppor
make some arrangement, are steadily working but do believe that who did make those valuable, The money now handed over to tunities now lying well within their reach of silver, the money she recognizes au standard. | to get hold of some ready money. They beliers | demonde có China which your Peking cor- the Admiralty would be better spent, in- may be neglected from sheer lack of energy to Now, with a rate of exchange considerably
respondent and the American Minister both say she did, and do believe that M. de Plançon acted by Imperial command. The Tribune's opinion, expressed as beforo ironically but
they have satisfactorily settled the question of instalment repayments now, and the present scheme is to obtain from two of the foreign banks an advance of 1 millions on the security of the local goatsy, who will themselves raise plainly, is the game."Russia's statements, aliould make herself independent of the B.uth important than is possible centridations to. Dot vereed as yet in the ways of modern finance, another 14 million, and then to get the I million which it will be pleasant to hold as entirely promised by the Government, making 4 millionsincere, was a repudiation rather than a denial. in all. This would doubtless cause temporary In other words, it is believed here that M. do relief, but it is questionable whether it would
stays her hand for the moment, only to renew Plan you has been thrown over and that Russia ber aggression at a more convenient season.
do more. We have a great confileres in any scheme which dose not biar mere directly on the restablishment of sound credit in business
ciroler,
THE CRISIS IN KWANGSI.
La spite of the assertions of Governor Wang Chih-ch'un of Kwangef that be lias restored order in the province, news still constantly arrives from private and independent sources in Kwangai alleging quite the contrary. If what is stated in the following letter from a raliable source, which we now trauslate, is to be believed, Governor Wang Chiki-ch'uz's troubles are only ust beginning The rebels of Keangni ar dally getting stronger, especially in the vicinity. of the prefectural city of Kwellin, the capital of Kwangai, namely in the districts of Yining And Haingan. Here the rebels, unlike other bands, conduct the government of the two cities, collect regular taxes after the style of foreign municipolitics, onlist troops, and drill, pay, and arm them after foreign methods. A perfectly regular, peaceful, and beneficent government rules the region comprised within the aress of the two distriote and there is not
Another correspondent writes: It.one may judge from editorial articles published in the newspapers of this and other cities during the last two days, Americans have finally made up their minds in regard to the latest Manchurian incident that Kussian diplomatists can go on making denials and giving assurances till they are black in the face; they will not lo helieved in this country. As the New York Times says to-day We do not believe it a sufficient equipment of a diplomatist that he should be able to lie gracefully and effectively."
COLONIAL RESPONSIBILITIES: ANOTHER VIEW.
To the United Service Magazine Major P. A. Silburn, D.9.0., contributes an article, en- titled "Imperial Defence and Colonial Respon. sibilities," in which the obligations of the colonies are treated with a certain freshness of outlook. Our contemporary has printed several articles on this important subject sizce the Conference, but perhaps the colonial point of
A
seize and make the most of them. It is, how Major Bilburn's opinion, in the defence of har bours, the training of Reservamen, and upon coal-ver, no exaggeration to say that the inter- ing ports: Bowe road: "For Australia to rank national aspects of the present pret are, in with Canada and New Zealand it is necessary she partiotie Portuguese minds, infinitely less wards the internal regeneration of Portugal. very eminent Portuguese said to the Times correspondent, he writes:-"It King Edward's visit were to strengthen our confidence in the old order of things bere, this visit, instead of being an ensploicus and beneficent fact, will have been for us a great disaster. We must change our whole manner of existence both political and administrative."
Pacifio squadron, train seamen for service in the Royal Navy, and fortify with modern areament all her poris." Any surplus available, be con-
local Navy. sides, might then be spent upon the proposed
Again, it is argued that Cape Colony and Natal neglect their responsibilities by omitting to for tify their are portaon the route to the East. Should the Suez Canal be closed these ports would,' no doubt, be crowded by our shipping, and Major Silburn evidently considers that fortifel ports would safeguard these versels. In reality only a strong fleet can safernard them, which will be quite evident to most of our readers. Major Silburn holds that if the naval contributions of Natal end Cape Colony wore capitalised and spent upon fortiffentione, then "the Navy would be strengthened by the squadron that will otherwise be used for theprotection of South Africas porta" Thus he reaches his remarkable conclusion that Canada is independent of our naval protec. tion, whilst the colonies that do in some small degres contribute to the fleet ara & mere We observe, mbarras ment to the Nary. however, that the editor of the United Service Magasine dissente frein these conolasions in ́a lengthy note. "To wear on air-cushion avar the pit of the stomach," he writes, "t might be a far from rala loss, though purely local proter tion against the fiet of a Hooligan; but to knock the assailant down would usually be
found a
|
From the military point of view the question as to whether Portugsi can count on England an d that za to whether Portugal can count on
erreif form one, and have been recently answered in a very remarkable book entitled A Defira das Costas de Portugal e A Aliança Luso-Ingleza (1istan: Ferir, 1903), by an ex- Minister of War, General Joré Estevãò de Murnes Samente. This monograph sppeared during the week of King Edward's presence in Portugal and immediately aroused a discussion. So syste- matic an effort, Indeed, to deal with the vital problems of national defence had not before been made here. Above all, thinks General Barmen- to, the alliance is advantageous to Portugal în the economic and financial consequences which must inevitally follow for the regeneration of Portugal. A sine qua non of the durability of the allianosis that Portugal should be strong and respected. It must never for an instant drop to the position of a protected Power. An alliance implies reciprocal confidence in the capacity of resistance of the contracting partles. No country, in a word, whose finances are in the deplorable state in which are Portuguese finance to-day has a right to pretend to the honour of partnership in an alliance. The expenditure of public money in the construction of fortifica tions intended solely to protect the coasts of Portugal against invasion this writer regards as pare waste: for such a policy ignores the real Portugal is a partner in an alliance possessing international significance. The problem of Portuguese national defence, wore an isolated Power Linkai as she fore, is not what it would be it Portugal is to England, this problem must be con sidered in connection with certain fants of England's deficiencies as a military Power. General Farmento devotes several anggestivo chapters to the demonstration of the iden that British mobilisation is necessarily so slow that
month. concentration of English troops in the Iberian peninania would take at least a Portugal must, therefore, abandon all illusiens as to the possibility of conating on · England to maintain the Inviolability of her Con- fivental territory. She perition to defend herself; and General the probable forms of aggression of which Batente thereapon considers in detail all Portugal may become the object. This prepares the way for the main point-namely, that, innamuch as security of sossis depends on unval superiority, the fate of Portuguese arms depends essentially on the maintenance of British naval supremacy.. What, then,
there-
mers activa inode of defence." view deserves to be more tally considered.
The objection is admirably put, for these proposed a single official of the Manchu dynasty is them, while the inhabitants appear quite Certainly the time is opportune for dealing local fertifications would be nothing more than contented at their lot. Strict disciplino is with the question. We have soon the close enforced amongst the rebels by the officers, of a big war in which our colonies rendered air-cushions, and the enemy would saturally eloot to deliver his blow upon sema auguarded As Major Silburn says. who give all their commanda in English, us substantial aid. while the arms and ammunition used are of the Imperial Federation can no longer be regarded portion of the anatomy. Yet there can be most modern. These are constantly arriving, as a more dream. The war has helped to knit the little doubt, in view of recent public speeches in heing brought by friends and partisans bonds of Empire. We have complained in these Canada, that Canadian opinion has been guided from the asighbouring provinces, so that there is columns that Canada, influenced by Sir W.into the belief that a few air-cushions and now a very large astamalation of the best of arms Laurier, has not fulfilled her obligations to the the local militia render the colony indeper-nature of the problem-namely, the defence of and ammunition for a aumerous and formidable mother country and the Empire. Major Silbara dent of naval protection against the Hoo! army. In fact the region spoken of above has is not of this opinion, for he writes: "Of all the gan nomy. It is, indeed an aming been apparently chosen as the headquarters of colonial Premiers, Nir W. Laurier alone has and preposterous heresy, since Canadian ship the rebellion and the mon there are to form grasped thoides of colonial responsibilities in time plug can alone be protected by a strong Navy. the nucleus of a great army for the conquest of war." Caunda makes no money contribution Yet it has seemed worth while to draw attention of the Empire from the Manobas. There is towards the fleet, but uerording to this writer the to this paper by Major Bilbarn, if only as an Immense cuthusiast amongst the rank and file dans much for the Navy indirectly, since she is example of how lameatably the principles of of the so-called rebel army in Yining and responsible for her hand defence and fortifies ker naval defence may be misunderstood, even by men who have studied the art of war in another Hsingen, which counts a great deal in a move- awa harbours. Also, we are tell, the colony is ment like this. As soon as everything has been preparing to act as a food depot for the United preprod and ready for active, hostilities, the King lon. Thus, as Major Silburn is pleased to mandarins will find the present one fan times argue Canada in kelping herself is materially more formidable then the former Taiping resisting the Empire, whereas the other colonies, ballion. With the risings which have so far which contributo all same towards the fleet, are taken place throughout the province of | actually doing far less. The argument is at least Kwangsi, desultory and scattered as they bare novel, and we do not remember that it was put been, every one already knows that the man-forward in these terms by Sir W. Laurier daring have invariably been unable to deal, and himself, Mejor Bilburn considers three points that they have been again and again defeated (a) What are the defensive resources of the and put to fight by these wandering bands of self-governing colonies? (6) What colonies are rebola and disbanded soldiery. What then taust independent of Imperial assistance, and what happen when in place of these scattered and residue of men and material can be spared to the badly led and still works ganised bands Empire? (0) What colonies are depondent the mandaring find themselves opposed by an upan direct Imperial aid, and by what means army which is just the contrary of what has may they be made independent P gene before?"-N-C. Daily News.
Aeld.
The palioy of colonial defence here advocated by a not undistinguishable military officer would, if adopted, land quickly to the disinte gration of the Empire, and satirely check the new movement of Imparial Federation for defence. For, as several of our Ministers perceive, there can be no check, for at least many years to come, upon the ever-incrasion cost of the float, and that heavy cost will over bardan us unless phares by the colonfis, Naval od Military Recoraruda
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