ALL RIGHTS RESERVED] TITE NAVY AND THE EMPIRE,
BY
W. LAIRD CLOWES aftor of The Royal Navy," &
II.
TUR TRIUMPHS OF THE SAVY Great have been the triumphs of the British Wary in the past. I am cos sure, however, that we do aut commonly exaggerate the quality of some of those triumplis, and so ifi caraelves with false estimator of what can be accomplished by British ratour. "It is almost impossible, I admil, to exaggerate the qualities of a few of our most single successes at sea, but there are many others which we have sccustomed ourselves to lock at through a magnifying media, with the result that we are inclined, even in these days of travel and education, to ororrate our prowess, and to underraty the bravery and ability of our possible foos.M.
Let us take, for example, the care of the -papture of Gibraltar, in 1704, by the combined British and Datoh Bists, under Sir George Book Rooke detached twesig two shipe of the, Jion, besides bomb-rossils, to attack the seaward works of the fortress, and employed a landing party of eighteen hundred Marines. 1 grant that the natural strength of the Rack was then, us now, onormous, and that it mounted a great many gaba; but, seeing that its garrsico, accor ding to the most liberal estimate, aki exceed. bundred and fifty men, and that, according to Byng, who was present, there were no more than eighty defenders in the place, it is, I think, resonabis to say that the glory of the affair remained rather with the defenders than with the attackers, for the gallant Spaniards did not surrender mali affer 15,000 shots had been fired at the fortress.
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actions which, in spite of carenumerical ing for only, regited In victory England These are the red triumpas oly the Britisk avyOne of the inst. Interosting--because
The arms-doulers this colony are very it witnessed the best successful employment basily argaged again in prezeing upon the in modern times of the mancarte of breaking Goveratout their petition that the Givernment
AE 562,500 - the enemy's line was Reduey's defeat of Chancil hare should request the authorities at
....£ 30,000 BANKDIN! de Gresse, off Blartinique, in 1783 The Beets your port to allow exportation of army to Masse, were not anuquaile matched, for it Rodney The honourable members of the Government
LONDON JOINT STOUR BANK, LIMITED, had one mero ship of the line than his oCouncil are too serious to permit the illicit
INTEREST allowed on Current Accounts at ponent, the French disposed of the greater made to be carried on during the time of their the rate of 2% per sunum on the Daily balance. number of guns and had the hostier vessels, administration. The public in general know
ON FIXED DEPOSITS*** For 12 months In the notion, and the subsequent languid par- that the business of arms is not a genuine and quit, fire ship of the liae were taken. Had an honest one. It is, however, a pleasure to bà order besu giver for a general class after the able to say that the principal or only culprit in fos had been thrown into confusion, "I am this matter, to whom it was owing that arme confident," wrote Hood, we should have had were sported and exported in sach great twenty sail of the enemy's ships before dark, quantities, has now gone and will ratuen ne Horo's victory of the Glorious First of more, leaving it to the Council to make up for June, 1794, affords another example of a great the past. It is gratifying too to be able to say that saocess, won against a supstior, focos, but not the members of the Government Connoil know finally pressed to its logical condition. Howe what to do, and at least it is a osas of better had twenty-fire zail of the has: M. Villeret late than never." The reason why I call the Joyenne had one more. Six French ships | arma business (only in this colony) an illicit ons wers taken and one, the Vongeur, was sunt. is casy to explain. The so-called arm-doslers That worse did not happen was largely due who import most into this colony have not get to the tactical ability of Villaret. The Frough an open door, and arms whether importail or ex- navy of those dag's had not got over the damageported donot pass under the name of the arm; the which had been done to ità prestigo and dinci- business ja dove by means of a kind of broker. pline by the first exames of the Revolution. Tat if the business warn a fair ono, why should. Most of its old and tried affloors had been re-it not be carried on openly Much more, hayTMPERIAL BANK OF CHINA moved from command, and many of the seamen pay about $30 yearly. for their licence. It is TM were inexperienced, so that, although no did hard to believe, but it is true that they ara pro- undoubtedly inflict a orushing defeat upon na mising to any person who can get them permis. morically superior feross of the enemy, it can sion to export arms from Hongkong to this scarsely be protected that our opponenta were colony fifty cents on every weapon, whereas men for man, on equal terms with us." A cor- about a your and a half ago it was twenty-five responding deduction must be made from the cents each. The expenses arə vary great, and glory which we won in February, 1797, when I give a table which will farish an approximate Jerris so badly beat Don José de Cordon off idea of them Cape St. Vincent. We had but fifteen ships of Shop lesson for one year .....
$30 the line, and the Spaniards had twenty-seven;
"Cost of dealing in dangerous articles ¦ yet we carried off four. The Spaniards, how.
20 (Boy) *** Let us take again the anse of Byar's victory ever, were a mob of ships and me, most of of Cape Passaro, on August 11th, 1718. Ex their craft being manned by soldiers and lands clading small craft, the Spaniards had bot
men. It is not at all surprising that the highly iwelry ships, mounting fifty gaas and upwards. disciplined British had their own way that day. Byng had twenty-ons. He practically destroyed
It was not until 'Nelson áttained command of Castanota's feet; yet, though we rank the flees that we learnt what it was to defeat a battle among our naval triumphs, we must care really fortaidable and worthy fan of superior fally recollect that, in such circumstances, any fores, in a great pitched battle. Nelson, victory short of a very complete one would have showed his countrymen how to do it at the been little less than disgraceful. A similar Nile, in 1798. He had fourteen ships ranking vordiet ought to be passed in the case of Ansen's as of the line, but one of them was orable to victory over M. de La Jonquière in 1747- take part in the buttle. H. Uraaye bad thirteen Anson had fourteen ships of Gifty guns and larger ships of the line and four good frigates upwards. The Frenok had but four. The with the advantages of rhat might have bepa whole of the hostile force was captured; but, thought an impregnable position, shore bat: surely, no great triumph was won. So with. terius to support him, and plenty of time for regard to Hawke's victory of Brast over M. preparation. Of the Franck ships of the line de l'Eteaduers in the course of the same year, nino vers taksu and two burat. It was the We had fourtesa ships ranking as of the line, completest vlotory that had up to that time The French had only nine. It would be a sub-boon won by us. Yet very much greater was jest for surprise if Hawke bad failed to take the disproportion of foros, and as orashing the seven of the enemy, moving that the French | vistery, at Trafalgar. The allies had thirty- were hampered by the presence with them of three sail of the line, and we only twenty-seven-;:/ an enormous convey of gront value. The but I had hardly remind the reader that nine triumph would have been worth talking about teen of the enemy were taken, though some war had this most valasbio conroy been also cap-retaken during the bad weather that followed, Inred; but the fact is that it escaped bodily, much and many mom wors wrocked or had to be to the credit of the French commander. destroyed.go
I have not yet done with my list of what may be onlled overrated British naval triumphs, for I want to direct attention to the fact that a vory large progurtion of our most famous sus. ceras were won, not against superler forces by any inherent superiority of British pluck and muscle, but mainly by sheer weight of numbers. All glory to the administrations which gave us that overwhelming weight of nambers all glory, too, to the men who fought in Britain was so much as a suigle case of a French man-of-fature the authoritie should and must cut at quarrels: but let us not make the mistake of war sticking to a B.itish ship of inferior brom the rest of the matter. attributing some of our most instructive vic-side. British rose's of infarior ferge did on
The plague cuntinues so bad that the Chinese tories to causes which had but little to do with two occasions capture American vessels, but, of community is now having recourse to right the results.
those vessels, one, was buried, and the other | processions to the temples to pray for health. Hawke's victory over Marshal Conflans in was bully manned; and, in addition, tun Ameri- Bone good may come of this, because these Quiberon Bay in 1759, though it was gained by can navy of the early days was so young and going about in the streets get fresh air, and * slightly superior fores, does not rank inoxperionood as to be quite unit to meet a secondly because juss utisks and crackers are among the overrated triumphs. It was fought Eritish opponent on anything like equal terms. burning everywhere. But, nevertheless, the in a galauf wind, und im narrow and dangerous There were more exceptions ‘a the war of 1793. time has come to take the matter un properly, to waters. Few sexmen besides Hawke would 1802, when the bronch has suffar spread the inhabitants in mare houses and to do bare dared to attempt what he attempted, and ing from the disorganisation of the Re away with the house in the dirtiest quarters of it is impossible to deny him the bighest honour volution, and bad lost many of its best offers, the city. If this is not done, we shall have the for his notion. But Boscawen's victory off Me, B. W. Wion's abstyr werted in the plague with us all the your round. Lagos over M, de La Cloe, in the same year, fourth volume of my "Royal Navy,” shows was another success of the øvorssted sort. He that, faking 33 single-sh' totions, 28 were had fifteen ships, ranking as of the line; the won by the reseal of amper or broadside, and French had bat traire, and, even of these, 10 by the reel of inferior force. In one five parted company jest before the fight cas, however, that of the Ambasade and Boscawon himself said of thus battle,It is Bayonnaies, the winning inferior vraft was s well, but it might have been a great deal better, Frenchmen and in three cases where a And so indeed it might. Five Frosh ships Frenchman stuck to an inferior British ware taken or destroyed, two, nevertheless, opponent, there were other British ships at Yes 12,000,0000 - managed to escape
hand, so that we may easily plume ourselves too much upon the traditional capacity of any British anilor to deal with "two greasy French
Similarly overrated is Rodney's victory over Don Josa de Langars, off Capo St. Vincent,
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In single hip cations, as in gonersi angaga.administration continues. When the time comes monts, it has been the role, ther than the for a revolution in Chins the Government Counpil will then be able to say that they did pzception, for the victorious British tocnel to be of superior force to her vanquished snemy. not help the revolutionists by letting them This rule in parcalatly noticeable as applying are arms and ammonition either to fight to the duels fought in the war of 1778.65, when their own Government or anyone else. No the French naty was probably at its best. It doubt twenty thousand or more firearms bayo does not appear that during there years there been applied, but that was in the past, for the
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in 1780 The Spaniarde had eleven rail of the man," At the same time," there were great and widely known as the best and most aceno-lection. Bills and sells and receives for col- | line, Rodney had twenty-one; and it is not to be wondered at that only four of the enemy's vessali got away. It was, however, no atzik- ingly brilliant victory.
striking triumphs of single ships during that war, and it is much to be regretted that the Admiralty has not seen fit by naming modara Stressals after them, to commemorate the extra.
ordinary gallatry and success of Faulknor who, in the Blaxthe, captured the Piques of Cook, who, in the Sibylle, took the Forte
On the occasion of Bridport's so-called the tory off Groix, in 1796, we had fourteen ships of the line to our opponents eleven, and our numerical superiority in gas was, in proper of Bowen, who, in the Terpsichore, took the tion, much greator; but we captured three rassole only, and Bridport's omission to do
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more her earned for him the very severe strie. cruiser called, say, the Bowen, people might be tures of the best erities Cerrosponding, or curious to know what the name meant, and oven worss lack of energy, was displayed later migas thus learn something of the deeds of BANK OF
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had twenty-three ships of the line; the French no more than savantein; ret Motham, in what
We have dona marvellously well, too, against AUTHORIZED CAPITAL TO 5,000,000 James calls this miserable action, contented heavy odds in seriain, eatting out affairs, the PAD-UP CAPITAL............................... 1,250,000 hiraself with the capture of a single 74 gun game of which will endure for ever. I may oits ship, and then with regarding the affair as s
the capture, in this way of the Maline, Hermione, HEAD OFFICE TAIPER, FORMOSA. victory. Unhappily the authorities so for Chevrette and Camo: but, on the other kuud, wo agread with bim that a couple of years later they rewarded him with an Irish peerage.
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JUICHI SOTEDA, Esq., Prezident. have toessionally, when attempting these out- | Head Ofice Manager:--TAKESHI DORT, Esq. ting out operations, had to put up with rather disconcerting reprises. In 1814, in Fayal Road, the American 7-gan privateer, General Armstrong, with screw of 90 men, was attacked
Hongkong at aaohor by seven boats containing 189 rasa belonging to the British men-of-wer Planta genet and Rata. Sho drove them off, sinking two boats and killing or disabling about 121 people. It is well that we should recollect an incident of this kind, and deduce the proper lesson from it. -
Even Dassia's celebrated victory on Cam perdown in 1797 was won against an inferior forse. We placed sixteen ships in the tine. The Dutch had a like number; but to make it up, they had to introduce a 44-gun race, and our vessele had a preponderance of more than ninety gans in their favour.
On that day, however, our victory was decisive, for nine ships of the Dutch line, besides frigates, were taken, after one of the best fought fights in history. It is interesting to recall at the pre- sout time that the Dutch were among the stontest antagonists we ever encountered in the old war, and that they always needed more beating than the Franch or Spaniards, paper, much stronger than ourselves, suph eno Kad outs Zot born a little the stronger side, as ones have brou exceptional; and that most of regards gunn und riotévial, et Camperdown, our grat, naval alatorios and slogisskip soc the result might easily have been different Duck Tola's feal of M. I
have been won by brute foros, aided of Correa by adequate leadership-Wa connot, gués, of Dub Dom gei 1800, left nothing to therefore, aniely Krust to anything but numeri be desired on the score of completeness, for the cal super.only in the future, though, now and Frosch jadron simply cats to exist es, parlings, a naval gonina may steal a
It is not necessary to pursue these points any farther. I consider that I have shows that, in shoes that we have, sometimes
Brushed our fous oven when they have been, on
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Bacon fruar the bigger battalions" Lusk, PAID UP CAPITAL.Sh. Tabla 6,000,000 hostile force. Duovo. La, chereror, disposed shall try to demonstrate, has often strange- of porowelips of the line to the French lively befriended us but it would be the worst end, had Lis pusce ben inch less thorough folly to deliberataly cost upon it. than it wus, be would havo: boon uimost (diegiaus
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Any desire to depreciate our triamp, oven when they have been won at the expense of foes who were obviously at a great uumoriez eadyutary only object is to put them in proper perspective, and to show that many victories on which we commonly plums var antron were, in fact, sotions which were decided rather by mere numbers than by any less brate fall name correctly written I give belon-la- factor. Having said that much, it is but fair fairpwllgwyngyByogorchwyruydeebwillandiail- kat "I should say a few words of tome other logogDFOOD.
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THE CHARTERED BANK OF INDIAN
other s IncoRFORATED BY HOTAL OKABYEE, 1958,
HRAD Orgien, LONDON,
GARITAL PAID UP RESERVE ISABILITY OF SHARE
HOLDSEN....£800,000
RESEGYE FUNDA
Hongkong, 3rd May, 1900.
1348
CARMICHAEL & BARLOW, Consulting Engineers, Harvaycrst, und
Pa Chalecetara
QUEEN'S BUILDINGS. £500,000ESIGNE and Specifications prepared for any oleas of Steamships. Taunches and light dranght vessels a speciality Contractors for the supply and smoting of nay type of celinery New work and repairs supervised.
New and recond hand Launekes for Sale. - Thlegrains, “CELESTE,? Hongkong.
Telephone, 282,"
HF. CARMICHAEL B. J. BARLOW, Hongkong. Let June, 1899,
INTEREST allowed on Current Account at the rate of 2% per annum on the Daily balances On Fixed Deposita for 12 months, per sant
D. W. GILMOUR, „Asting Manager, Hongkong, Houghone, 13th April, 1900.
21
HONGKONG SAVINGS BANK.
Business of the bore Bank is conduster by the HONGKONG AND BHANG- HAT BANKING CORPORATION. Baker may be obtained on application
INTEREST deposita is allowed at 21 PER CENT, per annum, MA MARR
Depositors may transfer at their option balacon of $100 or more to the HONGKONG AND DEPOSIT at & Paɛ Ogwr por annum. SHANGHAIBAFK to be placed on FIXED
For the HondTONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION,
H M. BEVIS,
Acting Chlef Manager. 18
Hongkong, 26th March, 1900, 2
(FOPA
FOR SALE
FEFFREYS 16 and 12 BORE GUNS.
A
ALTEO GUNS for Wild Fowl und Small
WINCHESTER CARBINES.
MAUSER AUTOMATIC PISTOL. Smith and Wesson 92 amt 38 GAL, REVOL: VERS
SMOKELESS POWDER and all kinds of Sporting Bequisites,
WA, SCHMIDT &.CO.
Beaconsfield Arcade. Hongkong. 7th Marok, 1600,