August 21, 1909.)
HONGKONG WATERWORKS.
TYTAM TUK SCHEME, FIRST SECTION.
In his Annual Report, the Director of Public Works writes:-These works, which have now been fully completed. form part of the scheme for the full development of the Tytam Valley Supply. They comprise the following :-
(2) A Storage Reservoir in the lower por- tion of the Tytam Valley, the permanent overflow level being 200 feet above Ordin- ance Datum.
(ii) A pumping station on the west shore
of Tytam Bay. (iii) A road from the Shaukiwan-Stanley
Road to near the Tytam Byewash Dam, (iv) Access roads to the Pumping Station and to the gauge basin at the inlet to the Tytam tunnel and a path from the old Stanley Road round the shore of Tytam Bay to the pumping station. (v.) A rising main from the pumping station
to the inlet to the Tytam tunnel. (vi.) A suction main from
on
CHINA CVERLAND TRADE REPORT.
square inch. The pumps, three in number, have 12-inch diameter rams and 30-inch stroke and are placed immediately under each cylinder, being driven direct from the piston rod cross- head by side by side rods straddling the crank shaft. The boilers, two in number, are of the Lancashire type and are fitted with super- An engine, heaters in the smoke chamber. supplied with steam from the main boilers, and a direct-driven dynamo of ample capacity have been installed for lighting the station, An overhead 5-ton travelling crane, capable of lifting any portion of the engines, spans the engine room.
(iii) Road. The road, whilst taking the rising main already laid and containing provision for a duplicate main to be laid later, also supersedes the old road which will be submerged when the low-level reservoir is It is 14 miles in length and has constructed.
a width of 20 feet for 13 miles, where the maih is laid under it, and of 12 feet where it has The road only to accommodate the traffic. has a continuous rising gradient, varying from 1 in 240 to 1 in 8, and is free from sharp bends so as to avoid excessive friction in the main There are four when pumping is in progress.
The bridges have a clear width of 13 feet between parapet walls. The piers, abutments and arches are constructed of cement concrete faced throughout with granite. The spandrels and haunches are filled in with lime concrete.
Wherever the road is on embankment, masonry piers have been carried up from the solid ground to support the mains.
(iv). Access Roads.-These have been con- structed to take the rising and suction mains. They are of an aggregate length of 133 miles and have widths of 6 and 12 feet.
(v). Rising Main.-The rising main is 3,406 yards in length and consists of cast iron pipes 18 inches in diameter, inch thick and 12 feet in length. The weight of each pipe is 19 cwts, the pipes being of uniform section thoughout the whole length of the main so that no confusion should arise in laying them. Three sets of reflux, sluice, air and by pass valves and five washouts have been fixed at intervals in the rising main.
the storage reservoir to the pumping station. The following is a description of the works: (i). Storage Reservoir, designated Tytam In-large bridges (one with 3 spans of 50 feet, one termediate Reservoir. This reservoir has a
with 3 spans of 20 and one of 30 feet, one with capacity of 196 million gallons at permanent 6 spans of 20 feet and one with 2 spans of 20 overflow level, which is 2 feet above Ord- and one of 30 feet), three cuttings over 60 feet nance Datum, and, by inserting boards 26" deep and numerous massive retain- high in the overflow, its capacity can be in- ing walls. creased to 213 million gallons. Its catchment area is 470 acres, but the water from a portion of it, 210 acres in extent, is intercepted by the Tytam West Catchwater. As the catchwater is indequate, however, to convey all the water flowing from this area during heavy rainstorms, the reservoir derives some benefit from it, The besides intercepting the subsoil water. dam is constructed of cement concrete faced with rock-faced granite ashlar
on tho upstream face and partly with rubble and partly with dressed ashlar the downstream face and is provided with an over- flow 100 feet long about the centre of its length. The cement concrete, with the exception of the backing of the upstream ashlar face, tapering from 10 feet thick at the base of the dam to 5 feet thick at the crest, which is in the proportion of 4 to 1, is mixed in the proportion of 6 to 1 and contains displacers. The height of the dam above the original stream bed is 90 feet and, from the lowest foundation level to the crest, 110 feet. valve-well, containing four 10 inch draw-offs, connected with a 12-inch stand-pipe, which is in direct communication with the 18-inch suction main to the pumping station, is constructed in the dam and is surmounted with a valve-house. A Venturi meter (with recorder in the valve- house)registers the amount of water passed down to the pumps. The contents of the dam are:- Cement Concrete 24,520 Cubic Yards. Ashlar Masonry
Feet. Rubble Masonry
Yards. (ii). Pumping Station. The pumping station has been erected on a site well below the proposed low level reservoir and excavated out of the hillside, the material so obtained being utilized to form a reclamation where junks can come alongside and discharge coal, The buildings are substantial structures and comprise a commodious engine house, boiler house, workshop and store. Quarters for a European overseer have been constructed on a site 100 feet above the station overlooking Tytam Bay, whilst those for the Chinese staff of engine drivers and stokers are situated close to the station. The main flue from the boiler house is carried up the hillside and terminates in a short shaft 61 feet in height, the total vertical height from the fire-grate to the top of the shaft being 135 feet.
47,755 451
11
A
The rising main is laid in a trench 3 feet 6 inches deep, the joints being run with lead, 21 inches deep, after the insertion of a strand of yarn.
(vi). Suction Main-The suction main is 2,416 yards in length, the pipes being the same as those used for the rising main. Two sets of sluice and air valves and two washouts have been provided on the suction main. The suction main is laid in a trench 2 feet 3 inches deep, the joints being run with lead, 13 inches deep, after the insertion of a strand of yarn.
The cost of the works was as follows:- (i.) Storage Reservoir, Pumping Station Preparation of site
and erection
(ii.)
of
Buildings
$86,465.55
Pumping
engines
and boilers (2 sets) 111,820.66
(iii) Road (iv)ccess Roads
(v.) Rising Main. (vi.) Suction Main J
$383,435.14
198,286.21
154,507.57
.135,094.97
159
in consequence of their execution extending over more than one year:-
•
(i) New Service Reservoir at 750 feet level, West Point, Construction of reservoir(capacity 448,000 gallons), completed Extending 8 inches rising main to 448,000 gallons), completed...
(ii) New 8 inches rising main to 600 feet service reservoir, West Point, completed
(iii) Conduit Road Exten-
sion 6 inches, main from 750 feet service reservoir along Hatton and Conduit Roads, Queen's Gardens and May Road as far as Inland Lot 1,772 (except the portion in front of Queen's Gardens houses which was laid in 1907), completed,...
(iv.) Substituting 5 inches rising main in Peak Road for old 3 inches and 4 inches, completed, (v.) Laying 4 inches main
in diverted portion of Shaukiwan Road past Shaukiwan Marine Lota 2-10, &c., completed,
1908. Estimates,
$11,544
401
$11,945
322
13,705
3,307
1,130
$30,409
$33,500.00 30,852.34
1908. Expenditure Item (i). This new reservoir, the reason for which was explained in last year's report, was completed and brought into use in August, but there was still a balance outstanding at the close of the year. Great improvement has been effected in the supply to the houses above Conduit Road and, in the event of fire occurring in this neighbourhood, an efficient supply of water should now be found available.
The reservoir is constructed principally of cement concrete, the walls being faced with brick in cement and the covering consisting of brick arches supported on brick pillars. Its capacity is about 448,000 gallons.
The district supplied from it comprises the whole of Conduit Road, Queen's Gardens, May Road and the group of houses on Peak Road above Queen's Gardens. The latter were formerly dependent upon a small tank of some 12,000 gallons capacity, which would have been found quite inadequate in the event of an out- break of fire or of any serious breakdown in the pumping plant. On completion of the new reservoir, it became possible to dispense with the one behind Inland Lot, 1568 and the area on which the latter is situated was sold to the owner of the lot mentioned.
ELECTRIC TRACTION COMPANY
OF HONGKONG, LTD.
The balance sheet of the Electric Traction Company of Hongkong, Ltd., shows that the traffic recepts for the year 1908 amounted to £36,923 38. 5d. (converted at 1s. 9d. per dollar), and the working expenses amounted to £23,764 38. 8d., showing a balance in favour of Of this amount £4,000 has £13,506 18. 9d. Miscellaneous Charges, 24,815.75 been added to reserve for depreciation and renewals, leaving a balance of £9,506 1s. 9d. to be carried down in addition to £530 9s. 4d. balance brought forward from 1907. After payment of debenture interest amounting to £9,75 there. remained at the end of 1908 a balance of profit and loss account amounting to £286 11s. Id.
the proposed low-level dam.
$896,139.64 The foregoing is exclusive of a sum of $142,025.44 spent on the temporary pumping Two sets of pumping engines and two boilers, plant, which was brought into operation on the supplied by Messrs. Tangye, Birmingham, hare 1st November, 1903, and dismantled in May, been installed. Each set is capable of raising 1907, and on preliminary works, surveys, bor 14 million gallons a day to the gauge basin atings, well-sinking, &c., principally at the site o- the inlet to the Tytau tunnel, 400 feet above Ordnance Datum; the engines have been so designed as to work alternatively from the proposed low-level reservoir or with a negative suction lift of from 100 to 200 feet when pumping water from the intermediate re- servoir. The engines aro triple-expansion, condensing, and run at 24 revolutions per minute with a steam pressure of 135 lb, per
$15,000.00 862,000 00 .13.692.81
1908. Estimates, Total Estimates, 1908 Expenditure Expenditure to 31 12:08 1,038,165.08
MISCELLANEOUS WATERWORKS.
The following are the principal items of expenditure under this heading. representing in some cases only a part of the cost of the works
The capital of the Company is £325,000 in £1 shares fully paid, and 5 per cent, mortgage debentures charged upon the undertaking and all property of the Company have been issued to the extent of £195,000. No dividend was paid to shareholders. The cost of the tramway under- taking including land and outlay on construction and equipment is given as £523,530 18s. Id. The reserve for depreciation and renewals now amounts to £16,000.