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was given to them to illustrate in China, where women had been confessedly intellectually bound as well as foot-bound, what a woman with a well. trained mind can do. It was useless to deny that many in all countries questioned the wisdom of the higher education of women. Some of this objection was due to selfishness in men who find it more convenient to keep women from knowing too much and só competing with them. It gratifies the vanity of lazy and selfish men to have women ignorant and inefficient. The presence of alert-minded and informed women is ก rebake to such. No one ever heard of a thug, a drunken loafer, a home tyrant who favoured the enlightenment of women. He is the loa lest against their devolop | ment, whether it be advanced study, a vote to protect their property, or the study of medicine. He believes they should keep "their place."
THE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS AND
fruits of Christian principles; if the latter are not preached, there will be none of the former. You do not know any doctors working among the Chinese without fees who have not the Christian inspiration; you never heard of a foreigner coming to China and teaching for the love of it; only those come with the Christian motive power behind them. And so the mis- sionary is more important than the doctor or the teacher. Jesus did not say "Go and establish medical schools for every creature"; he said Preach the Gospel to every creature," for He knew the medical training, popular education and every good thing would follow. Dr. McDonald, who was so cruelly murdered on the West River, and who the Chinese so mourned, was busy with his healing, but if you read his life you will find much more about Christianity than healing. He knew the latter was incidental; the purpose that glowed in his great soul was to kindle the principles of Christ among the hinese. For a man to say, "I approve medical missions but I disapprove missionary preaching" is as if one said, I admire the rose but recommend that the stalk be cut down." Or as if he enjoyed the benefit of the electric lights of a city and had contempt for the modest and obscure power house that made the light possible.
The following is a translation of the address of the TAOTAI -
L.
your
students completing their term of study, I, the Taotai, by order and o.. behalf of the Viceroy of the Two Kwangs, attend this meeting to-day and deliver the following address:
**
In Western countries Medical Colleges for men and women are equally held in high esteem. Formerly the Americans established a hospital for women in Canton called the Yan Tsai" and subsequently established the present College and had gathered virtuous ladies and taught them the method of delivering the people of this world, which is a very good idea. All the ladies have used their utmost endeavours to learn and have now succeeded in their study... From this time forward they would make good use of their profession and be brilliant lights among the females so as to comply with the excellent idea of a nation with whom we maintain a cordial relation and at the same time realise the pleasure and hope of our Vicer
y. May you female students all pluck up your courage. I also congratulate your esteemed College on its future career."
But, apart from this opposition, which may be disregarded, many men whose opinion must be respected look with something of terror on the participation of women in activities other than "children, church, and cooking," because they fear they will lose their charm and spirit of womanhood, perhaps despise the mission of their sex and seek to become men. This is indeed a peril to be guarded against, for nothing is more repulsive than a woman who scorns her lot as woman and discredits her qualities. It is your part to show that medical training and the opportunity it gives for help. An address to the successful candidates of ing women and children do not war on womanly the Hackett Medical College for Women. modesty and gentleness, but rather enrich "The 16th of the 12th moon of the Mo the character and give it strength. Such a Shan Year being the day on which your womanly equipment may clash with the tradi-esteemed College celebrates, the occasion of tions of those who count woman a toy or a slave. but it appeals to those who admire women of good mind and an intelligent, sympathetic and efficient interest in life. You thus have a double mission, not only to alleviate pain and restore strength, but to build up among the Chinese an ambition to educate their daughters as well as their sons, and to open doors for full, rich life for Chinese women. There is no finer charm, as there is no greater dignity, than that of a cultivated woman of a race, who has not lost touch with any of her own sex, who can converse on general topics, who loves children, who is attractive to both and is able to help both. It is charged against the Chinese that they are mercenary and the fear is expressed that as young doctors, working among your sex, you may think more of the fees you earn than of the good you may do. It is not alone among the Chinese that the dollar is for ever in mind. However, the best work in all lines is done by those who take pride in their work as such and to whom the compensation is incidental. This is especially true in medicine, which has some- thing of the nature of a sacred calling, so much so that among the Chinese the dignified practice of a "honorarium" rather than pay" lingers; the patient leaves his fee of uncertain amount on the table as he goes out. It is said of some professors in German universities that often they do not know what their salaries are; they are so much absorbed in their work that the matter of income is irrelevant to them. Agassiz, the American scientist, when asked to lecture for a large fee, replied that he was too busy to earn money. It is a hard saying that you must not think of money when curing the sick; but it may be said that the great ones in your profession do not work primarily for money. They know a zeal and enthusiasm rare in other callings, and work for the love of science as shown by some of the best work being done in charity hospitals. As graduates of a Christian school, you may have even a higher motive thàn love of abstract science, even of humanity. If you fail to have a growing list of charity patients of the poor who can pay you nothing. you will be ranked as mercenary and you will discredit this School founded in the name of Him who went about doing good, without money and without price.
It is common to hear people say they favour and will support medical missions and missionary schools, but they have no sympathy with the preaching department of missions. You have lived with missionaries here and see the false reasoning, You have seen in the life and thought of the Fultons and others of those who have helped you to this education, that Chris- tian teaching is the inspiration of this work; without it there would be no medical college. Medical missions and missionary schools are the
[January 18, 1909.e
(1) Every contagious disease must be at once reported to the Board of Health. (2) No person with a contagions disease is allowed to enter the United States from another country (3) Every child must be vaccinated. Hospitals for the care of all important contagious diseases are provided. In these ways most of the worst contagious diseases are kept out of New York City. Sometimes plague or small poz slips in, but the knowledge that we now have enables the Board of Health doctors very
8000 to stop the disease. With universal vaccination, smallpox has become almost extinct. Among the 90,000,000 people of the Unite States you find as much small por in a month as you could find in Canton in one day. In every country a great many people die each year from bowel trouble. Especially. is this so among the children. Most of these diseases causing germs are carried either in the food or in the water the people drink. This Board of Health endeavours to secure through the Government good, pure clean drinking water for every citizen. All the foods that are for sale in the markets are inspected. No poisonous or decayed foods are permitted to be sold. Milk, so commonly used in America, is closely inspected daily. By this careful in- spection of all foods and drinks the Board of Health has been able to lessen greatly the num bar of denken from howel diseases. Most of the so-called anti-opium pills are opium in another form, so that when a person takes them, of course, he does not wish to smoke opium, but the pill habit is evon worse than the smoking habit. Patent medicines are almost without exception frauds which do far more harm than good. Leave them alone. We see canals half all of dirt with decaying filth and animals at the bottom. These places are the finest possible for the growing of disease germs. Each city should furnish a system of sewers which will carry away all waste, all filth; so that there be no place left where disease germs can grow.
HEAVY SENTENCES ON STOWAWAYS.
board the s.s. Eastern before she left Hongkong The twenty Chinese who stowed away on
on her last voyage south, and who were discovered on board at Sydney, the majority with loathsome eruptions on the face and hands, were charged before Mr. J. H. Kemp at the Magistracy on the 11th inst., and pleaded guilty.
Mr. H. G. C. Bailey (of Messrs. Johnson, Stokes and Master) appeared for the prosecu- * tion, and Mr. Leo d'Almada e Castro (of Messrs. Goldring, Barlow and Morrell) appeared for the seventeenth defendant.
board the Eastern to get the defendant a passage to Australia. The uncle paid to the steward, in the presence of the defendant, $150, and as soon as the defendant went on board he was put in the hold. Mr. Almada understood that the steward and the cook had since left the ship, and that the police were now in search of
them.
!
His Worship-Where were the stowaways found?
Mr. Bailey-In the No. 1 hold when the vessel arrived at Sydney.
Dr. MCCRACKEN, of the Canton College, then delivered an address of which the following is an abstract:-In every country physicians are now thinking more about the prevention of disease
Mr. Almada informed his Worship that the and less about the cure. They are beginning to uncle of his client had arranged with a steward realize that the greatest good can be done by on treating people before they are sick. It is believed by many people that most, if not all, disease, can be stamped off the face of the earth. What a gigantic undertaking! Yet enough has already been done to make such a project seem quite possible. Look at Europe and America. In those countries the plague, cholera, and small pox are practically extinct. Most other diseases have been greatly lessened in virulency. Every year brings out new and better ways of treating those diseases that are left so that we have every reason to believe that,
His Worship-In what part? within another generation, many of these will far down as they could get. As your Worship Mr. Bailey-Right down at the bottom; as be numbered with those that are not. How has this been accomplished?
By the earnest, hard knows, this is a most serious affair for shipping faithful work of intelligent men trained in companies. If these men had got ashore it scientific medicine and backed by the Govern- would have cost the E. and A Company £2,000 ment. Considering disease a great enemy, in sterling, but luckily they were found and fact, the greatest enemy of a country, most brought back. This stowaway business is get- Governments have organized to destroy disease ting more common every day, and I would ask causes. In the United States each State has your Worship to inflict the heaviest penalty, its Board of Health while each large city has namely, nine months' imprisonment, and impose its own board which is responsible for the city's a fine. I understand they have got a consider- people. Take New York City, for example, where able amount of money. probably as much is done and done as well as in any other city in the Union. That city hires a great many well-trained doctors to form what is called a Board of Health. This body of men are made responsible for the health conditions of New York City. They first urge the law makers to pass good laws to control health conditions. The following are some of the laws which are now in force in New York City
Mr. Almada I am prepared to prove that No. 17 had actually paid his money.
His Worship They don't deny that. Mr. Bailey-With regard to my friend's client, if your Worship requires further evidence I would ask for a remand As my friend admits, he was not on board with the permission of the agents.
His Worship Who found these men ?.
T