418
PREVENTIVE MIDICINE.
THE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS AND
[May 21, 1896.
deserted by the latter. Hardships and dangers are cheerfully braved by the Chinese miners, who will toil on for a very slender reward, allured by the pleasing uncertainty of the chase, the possibilities that ́ appeal to the gambling spirit innate in the
race.
JENNLR. Later on, allying itself with imitations under the guidance of men like THE JENNER CENTENARY.
CHADWICK and PARKES and with chemistry 14th May.)
Land physiology under that of PASTEUR and To-day the Russian scientific world is giving. Koch it became the most fascinating as an apt illustration of thest w that "prophets, well as the nest beneficient branch of human knowledge. Mr. HERBERT SPENCER OBCE are not without hon ur gave in their own
But while the Chinese miner will country."EDWARD JENNER on the 14th May, uttered a plaint. that it had taken five thou- | hazard much and endure great privations 1796, made his first successful experinucit sand years of civilization to evolve a good in pursuit of fortune on the gold field or in in vaccination and so foun ied the science of eggy chair; it is even more painful to reflect other mining enterprise, knowing that he preventive medicine. It is suggestive that that it has taken an equal time for man to may reap only a scanty reward, but the centenary of an inciden so pregnant see and know his most deadly foes. Although buoyed up by the hope of striking some to the health of unborn millions i.. being JENNER started the science of modern pro- prize, yet he is shy of such risks in his passed over in oblivious silence in England, ¦ phylactics it was reserved for PASTEUR to own country because he knows that the which now leads the world in pul die health, show the rationale of the whole science and argus eyed official would be ever on the and is being commemorated in Russin, which it. He found that many diseases were watch to rob him of his hard won earnings. is still in the dark ages as regards sanitation. | associated with minute living organisms- For this reason he has always been indif- Amongst other way of cuphasizing the bacteria-living on the tissues and blood; ferent to this industry in his own country, event the Russian National Health Society that these organisms could be cultivated out even on the rare occasions and in the offers handsome money prizes and honorific of the body as well as in it; that by che limited areas in which it has been sanctioned medals for the best essays on vaccination.ical reageney they could be modified and by the Government. The great objection - As these essays may be written in English, I their poisonous products so attenuated as entertained to mining pursuits by the Chinese it is to be hoped that JENNER's native lurl not to kill when re-introduced into the Government in the past arose chiefly from will figure in the contest.
Lowly; nay, that they might even act ad- the belief-probably the result of some Smallpox we formerly as greti and a versely on the original organisms. The bac-experience in remoter times that the em- established an institution in Kussia as the terium of cow-pox so modifies the human ployment begot a spirit of lawlessness and skin and zynetic changes pie Low, The "system: ns to render it immune to the more rowdyism among the miners, making them lower Muses vite eksses exhibit, like our deadly og nism of smallpox. Beginning difficult to control, and constituting a danger neighbours here, a gaservative passion ar with malignant anthrax in cattle PASTEUR to the maintenance of good order among dirt, and delibera.fy pidier to take their and his school went on to attack and van- them; that the pursuitof tliis calling tended chance in its familia? Gavit muent then to quish phylloxera in the vine, rabies in to render the populace less contented, drew be saved by sweaters and light. All lower the dog, tetanus Clockjaw in man; they large numbers from agricultural work ever orders are much the st. e in these until :
ཐཱ བྷཱ Î ཚཱ y ༤༥, * 11 the track of diptheria; regarded as the mainstay of the country-and in enlightened. F: phun vily tire punis and chokia, tul crculosis, malarial fever, swelled the ranks of the banditti who were ago the indds killed ivooral day inspå toasjaad spent are even now within the vista ready to prey upon the successfully indus- during th‚};!
Porsaand of successful treatment. Cancer, scarlet trious. Hence, as the mandarins disliked cleanliness flick : alone naden - fever, lepsy, and whooping-cough have trouble, they were prepared to sacrifice dainty than people this: even the with ly i dolied the scientists so far, but their day possible gains to certain enjoyment of order distributed Briish cold cut i # Victorin
and freedom from riotous outbreaks. inovation hailing aom Iain : nd basing ite inceptions in comtoi ither than in chan liness. Itista reend that out Great EriZA- BETH WOJC her silk sicckings till thay dropped of the regal ligh, and of Russia's greatest monarch on Lagiisa, historian says that he d d du monde and vermin as he walked.
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may yet be short.
the nice.
Such a lare recapitulation at least serves the purpose of bringing home to us what we owe to men like JENNER. Along with HUNTER, LYSTER, CHADWICK, and SIMC, his is a name that ought to go down to rokote postgrity as a suprente benefactor of These men have probably done as much for human happiness and for the Still, the Russian Government has logg | lessening of hunen paiù as all the states shown a ke hteret in hylone; it was men, soklers, and literary men of the amongst the fist tort the Turkich pre- | coutury put together, and yet their age and tice of her taikfyn lijn, the Gaunt | country seems to conspire against their fame. Cammans. being thus teneg in 1761; and ; A bumble statue to JENNER in his native long Letore ori smany oleh is lagra tavu alone testifies to the public honorifica their sl work the
tion on one of the best and ablest men of applying d
They certainly do mnge these In 1965 tha
ilings beter in Fraice. PASTEUR, A with row lyngha it ishi varii a tien greater 11:0 we acknowledge, but not a laws were prontignol in the (za jesh pac, lytter, is honoured with a public funeral; Both the read feulay at the ele l'a family is provided for by the state; his were bound by hwton, then in by precat fene is justly trumpeted from every tribune and example.
Cole had its ¦ in France, and whole crops of statuary and vaccinator," je Lendly a voy nuntipax | benevolent institutions are established in official, who night "claim as did chain; his honour. His death was an apotheosis, inuniy ma hech of othe, duty if heisst, his protoype, lies so low that only could prove that aceite insulation had in Russia ore the faithful few found to do claimed his prior matchthen.
qan vain 1,041.
Male hurti
MACAULAY S that h. 16 7, an trenge | non-sickly yes, forty-three per thousaal die in. Lo on; in less the figures were twenty-five, n. 1966 nimic.nj. this in the i đơn hàm holy more congested puktion under much barcer condition 64 in struggle. It would be difficult to say how much of this vital better- ment is due to preventive and how much to curative medicine; the former is not tract- able to statistical methods; but if we amplify prevention ine Public Health measures and bring in all that hus been done by drainage, water supply, prevention of over-crowding, &c., we shall have to admit that it has done infinitely
him formal reverence.
ALLNING IN CHINA.
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The prospects of mining in China have fringys hoc fscinating. There are so many rich" mineral deposits in the vast area comprised within the limits of the Eighteen | provinces and Manchuria that it has ever emed a naivel to Westerns that a utilitarian people like the Chinese, who
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will travel thousands of miles to 'other
countries to search for gold, should have systematically neglected the treasures that lie at their feet. The Chinese have been the most successful tin miners in the Malay pe- ninsula and in both California and Australia they showed themselves as susceptible to the Preventive medicine was born one hun-auri sacra fames as their Caucasian brothers, dred years ago to-day; it had its origin in the sure practice but vague hypothesis of
more than cure.
while they exhibited far more patience in the quest, content to fossick on the ground
The drain of bullion necessitated by the payment of the war indemnity to Japan, however, has predisposed the Chinese Gov- ernment to permit the opening of mines in various parts of the Empire, in the hope, of course, that the royalties obtainable will serve to replenish the exhausted coffers of the Treasury. In pursuance of this determination, the Governor of Kwangsi, by authorization of the War Department af Peking, has, we are told, lately issued a notification to the effect that as there are many mines in Kwangsi merchants. and others desirous of working them are invited to send in applications for permits : to do so. It is added that the Govern- ment will afford all necessary assistance in such undertakings. No doubt, and will exact handsome payment for such assist- ance! Those who have had experience of the kind of assistance given by officials in the opening of mines would vastly prefer to be without it. The case of the Tamchow and the Taiyushan mines is one in point. At the Taiyushan mines-on, the neighbouring island of Lantao-the company that under- took to work the mines of silver-lead there was saddled with the presence of two wei- yueus, to each of whom it was expected to pay a monthly honorarium of something like Tls. 250, for looking on and practically exercising a close espionnage over works. Small wonder that mining in Kwangtung has not been successful! there much chance of the mines in Kwangsi turning out more remunerative? There are plenty of mineral deposits, and some of them could, we are sure, be worked at a profit, but will the merchants care to embark in such speculations without some very explicit guarantees that they will not be interfered with in the development of the properties? We feel confident there will be little or no response to the invitation of the Governor of Kwangsi Chinese capital is exceedingly shy of investment when the voice of the mandarin is heard to woo it.
the
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