THE CHINA MAIL,
THURSDAY, JULY 13, 1961.
KASSEM AND THE OIL-
This is what he is really up to
WHY has General Kassem suddenly advanced a claim to territorial
sovereignty over Kuwait?
The obvious reason-that he aspires to add Kuwait's annual £120 million of oll royalties to the Iraq exchequer is not, I think, the real
one.
Kashem knows that claim for The outright possession 121 Kuwait wook not stand up in any International, court, Ku- wall wis an independent state
Jeng before trar etme 111 existence.
Interval, a Helf is a purely afiker) creation, curved om of tha Turkish empire as the ulti- result of a SUCTEL deal between Britain and France made during the 1914-10 war-
Moreover, Iraq hús no chunee of pushing such clai Ly force, Britain has already moved Inger in to motevi ter ally
und. for once, with the approval. of international oninfo.
By PAUL JOHNSON
qantily--and at pixes,
'11
companies, to limit their dependence on the whims Aruti sheik and dictators, are opening ap new Helds.
cut-rate voluntary front of Arab all pro- ducers have failed dismally. Reyonul prezing sonorous resolu- tons, the oil states have never heen able to create ever thi illusion of common ellon; in- derd, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia have even sueretly defled the Aral embargo un selling où to Israel.
Gail from the Sahara, and the more volt reserves in the Surlan and Libya, luere severely ut the orgabing power of the Maddle Band produrers.
Hene, Kassena has never been alde to browbeat the frag Petro- Exvi In tin Arph world, en Company. Despite the Kassem could count
little clestrnelion the pro-British support for whille Matser is still Nuri Said regime, IPC is now in Vilterly ceanened to Britain's a stronger position when nege- trenting with the Persian Gulf
tiating with the Iraqi guvern- states, he is gilli more anxious. Fent than when Nurl was alive. to prevent Kuwait sloping into
the hands of
Kassem-his one
real rival for the lealership of Arab opinion.
ษ!
fuel, Karem's objectives
are mach more imited and
Dislocation
Discontent
FIERSUTES.
Nuw
Kassem has thus decided that the the has
sterner come for
that Britain as relaxing her grip on Kuwat, The roler and his family increasingly exposed to subver- sion.
DESPITE
[12
dangerous. The Iraq announce IF Kassen shut down produc- the territory, expecially amon
ment is the first move in a cam- priga to hold up a united front of Arab oil producers, and thus restore to the Arabs their capa- rity to blackmail Western consumers,
Until 1967, the Middle Eastern all producers hal ng red for such a partri. World rea
for oil was rising in spectacular
feshium: the world's
oil, and The largest
were
cheapest
reserves,
to be found above and
around the Gulf.
Humiliating
The threat to nationalise oit- Belds and refineries
was thus
n patent one. The international
and the oil comparing
maju Western
were governments obliged to treat the Arab rulers with humiliating deference.
Now the picture has changed, Industrial recession in the West has alowed up the
rise denunci. Russian oil is pouring Into the
tion
Kuwall's wealth, there is rising discontent in
e would enuse the hares of inmigrants—many einbarrassment anc alstoen of them Trigls-who have dock- than but Iraqi supplies coull soon ed in from the north and west. Tramite up by increasing the There is profligate waste and output fron Persia, Kuwati, fantastic farquality of wealth.
Venezuela and elsewhere.
Moreover, the ruling family is
The ruler himself is If, however. Kasarm were divided," also to shut down the Kuwait ld and the succession to the
taone uncertain, fields, his bargaining power would
Immensely
be
strengthened.
Turve.
Recognition
Dont BEWARE OF THE LIONL Certified harmless by Nasser & DC Mansalay
..
"Ouch-he's still got one tooth left!"
Before the
founder.
BECAUSE France is member of the Common Market oxis and Europe's greatest agricul- fural country, a top Foreign Corres- pondent gives his appraisal of the revolt which has shaken the country. Here is his report... and a grave warning.
Cummings
Suez
Abadan
London Express Service.
the peasants'
pitchforks flash again in France
BRITTANY is where it all started, the wave of revolutionary unrest that has sent the small farmers of France pouring on to the highways and railway lines as saboteurs and rioters, with the out-thrust pitchfork as their badge and sym- bol of defiance.
Tear Kas at St Brieuc, tele- phone piles cut down in Vannes, piles of manure in the main
KASSES may well have made street of Quimper, and massed a private deal with one or tractor blockades all over the more of the aspirants: Ingi sup-place-this is scarcely the holi- port, in return for recognition of day paradise British
This is the expect in Brittany. Iraqi sovereignty.
tourists
Kuwait is an oileman's part- dise. It is the largest producer In the arta, with the biggest
Its oil is cheap to pro-, deer and of high quality. can boust production faster than any other state In the Gulf.
Indeed. it was the existence of Kuwait. then a comparatively background to his aling a formal Now the unruliness of the
mali producer-which allowed claim. the West to
when Mossadeq shut down the Abadan refinery, and eventually to bring
It is The Persians to heel. vital elemutt in the equation or Middle East oil politics-and Kassen knows it.
Carry
on
elear,
to create
A
Anelles, then, are market in Krowing Previous attempts
But It would be wise to treat it, at this stage, as the first step In
farmers
see the rost of their fellow-countrymen living it- creasingly higher off the hug while they still seem condemned to jog along in largely nine- teenth century conditions.
by
RENE MacCOLL
nrę."
thousands
uf
holidaymakers from Eritain and elsewhere. So
people are nervously wondering If the holiday rush will bo checked.
Prime Minister Debre hos repeatedly appealed for **an white almorphere of serenity"
the with;
farmers go Something on in Paris today.
talks
Not for them the new-found
"Onco we ret the nige a heatwave, but many form tells me that the serenity may wealth with cars and TV sets across, We believe that has descended so goldenly will be as angry and as resent-
the pubile steads are squalid and out of well be shattered again and
date. Bretons has touched off copy-
Their equipment is those pitchforks will flush once on everyone else, Left behind cat "manifestations." as the
as we painfully obvolete. The "farmers more it the farmers don't get for the good life, ful with the middlemen them, everywhere in the race French call
und their labourers live in what they want, a careful and cross this broad and beautiful they are furious.
Iltic better than This is an uprising
by the
condition: which would land,
tural clums. and other jo- Bear in mind two things as young.
The men and the for there have
Now the farmers tev realising women. appraise this Intest dustrial powers once more at
that people in other professions Europe's trouble all-feminine demonstrations- Gil-Western the mercy of the Arab
are dressing belter, living better, spols:-- rulers.
The problem is not imagin-
cutting more telsure, ary or frivolous French Impatience
Log eul plan,
place Britain
---(London Express Servico),.
TOU
'PAPER DART' MAY LIFT
SPACESHIP 'EMPTIES'
A schoolboy's paper dart has given American scientists an idea for a way to recover the mammoth boosters that will be needed to lift manned spaceships of the future.
Each of these rockets could cest an inuch as £350,000 DTKI contain several thousand iz- tricate parts. It the exch€quer is not to run dry, recovery... after the fuel inside hos burned up and the "ship" is safely on its way- highly desirable.
Problem: how to halt these 50 ton pieces of metal moving at between 2,000 ml 8,000 feet a second and bring them back
space?
frum
own
THE WORLD OF SCIENCE
reports Peter Fairley from America
and its "akin" from
IL
(se
An artist's impression of the "paper dart" in use.
...
After much penell-sucking, mesh of steel coated with silicon the rocket men decided that for it must withstand 1,000 Four hundredweight of hard. On fetal hero is a coln-to-the
can be mado from one paper dart-shaped canopy offers degrees Fahrenhelt heat as it foam the beat chance of success, it returns through the atmosphere. drum which one GI can easily enrry. This represents 30 cuble auxiliary will need
The "dor!" plus cargo la feet for every foot of liquid motor, will have to be bly
designed to return precisely to plastle-u good gain especially enough to support the miny
when transport is scarce. But tons of empty booster yet light is launching site. enough not to add much to the alternative plan is being con- precious take-off weight. sidered which would allow it to ROBOT BARMAN
Folds in two One "paper dart" system nowy
being modelled
measures 100 feet long, will weigh about eight fons and have a motor develop-
en
be plucked from the air by a waliing plano and' taken in tow.
HUTS IN BARRELS
are protected from weather and thloves by a plastle cover and metal cage. A coin un- locks its ato. The paper alides forward,
RITN AS U SPEK
been
Is
Why was It In Brittany that the wave of unger started? The Breton farmer
more con- cerned than anyone else bi,uuse are mainly in their twentles and he is usually a smallholder, He
about it all, a de- now he has had enough. termination to get quick results.
thirties. There is youthful has felt put upon for years and
મ
APPEASEMENT
Two
LIKE WELSH
He thinks it high Lime Industry was modernised,
Mahe Phillppencats, president at the Regional Com- As road-blocks
So the manifestations" grow, and muss de- ring-leader farmers, mille for Economic Expansion, monstrations spread Jast and
drawbacks who were failed at nearby says the Morlaix and then trimphantly Isolation of many forms, the acquitted in what is freely inggering surplus of formi described as "a verdict of up- labour-stimated at 300,00 peasciment," are both young men and old-fashioned, scanty
equipment,
J.
are:
the
ኔኑ ርኜ ነ. .
Louaprc. So, too, is M.
You would be shocked to see secretary-general of the Young ecme of the farms in Brittany. Farmers Organisation. This is The countryside smiles richly in what M. Louapre has to say:-
"Until now the gravity of the situation has been badly under- extimated in Paris. It is basi- cally a question of being able to sell our produce at a fair price, and now we And our- selves
in a completely impos. sible situation.
"The economie working of this country has caused unarchy in agriculture and brought about the near ruin of the amalt for- mer. It threatens to ruin our agriculture as a whole."
What are the remedies? M. Louapre says:--
"We must devote ourselves to
particularly among young men, We must rid ourselves of the
LONGING...
I wish some of the Whitehall buyn who have Been toying with the idea of Joining the Common Market could come to Brittany and see thlogs for themselves.
With huge surpluses of both manpower and tum produc as much as 15 to 20 per cent more barley and wheat than it south. Reme Bretons Are
needs
with nene
too happy.
every year, and They are large surpluses of meat, milk, strongly independent and tough, and poultry, not to mention all like the Welsh, and were out to
those surplus labourers-France better their lot in their own will be casting longing glances way. They would rather have
across the Channel and waiting kent it a local flight.
for the day when the dumping Brittany, too, is wide awaite can legally start. about its role
as centre for
London Express Service).
Man bites vet
at dog show
TEETH snapped as
veterinary surgeon He suddenly
middlemen who are hattening Aelwyn Morgan
on others."
1
cxa-
binck-and-tan snapped as
M. Luapre says the aims of mined the young Breton farmers are: Welsh terrier about to To get new laws passed quickly,
his terrier was being examined
Do tu!
to pay
fed £1 and ordered
Es. easte for malleihaly wounding the vet.
Now
a decision about the Incident is to be made by the Kennel Club, the controlling body of the dog-chow world.
Said Mr William Davies, the Carmarthen show
secrotary: "We were all astounded when it happened.
"Wo couldn't Ulieve it. 1 haya been connected with deg
stat newspaper land. Papers Oxing generous price levels and enter a show ring.
supports; fujrer working of He matched back lila hand, the
adelpping blood. produce market; and streamlined distribution system. But the terrier stood there He says "The formers Insiat lamb-like-for this was a classle on being consulted about all case of man bitch vet. decisions that concern them. The teeth that sank into Mr
shows for more than 20 years This has not yet happened, so Morgan's hand at Carmarthen
and this is the first time--and I now they are employing a fan og show belonged to 22-year- wground was 1000
hope the last-that a man has that a man bilten another man, quage ensy for anyone to under-old Peter Green, the tcrrier's new went ounst
of rod-handler. tand-the language
bad bitch the vet. blocks and mass, demonstra{lone.
"The Incident ha already He had words "But don't get me wrong. We Morgan
Just why Green snapped at been discussed by Kennel Club Bs the vet examined Mr Morgan was not explained calcials. It has set them a bit are not seeking civil war just
of a pater for the hell of it. We simply the serier. "I object to the way to the cotirt
because I do not want our just rights-guaran-you're handling my dog," said But Mr Coll Jones, who think they have ever had 10 teed prices
Groen.
appeared for him, said: "He is deal with such an unusual case for our potatoes, ink, pork and positry, and we Mr Morgan, 28 yeom offetul deeply sorry for the incidunt before. mean to get them.
vet at the slow, retorted that and apologizes unreservedly to
"They have been awaiting the There
tas bren too much lo well knew how to handle Mr Morgan,"
result of the court case and I middlemen have grown fat on Biggery-pokery going on, the dogs.
Green, professional dog can only guess that wellon they.
Primrose land, will take now," their finagling.
Glarneren, was
-London Express fervice).
AMEST Belentille side to the phonello typewriter which
easy way of 11le-the push-
respond to dictation over button cuckfall mixer. Barman a microphone la trow being triod presses a button once, twice or out by the Radio Corporation thrice, to get a Martini sweet, of America. N infantryman's slooping hut dry or a Manhattatt. ing about 300 horse power. I may soon be carried into
Its spelling is poor. But the The liquor flows from will fold into two and roll up camp-in barrels. The American turned botiles through a central exemplo: "The
up senso in intelligible. Hole is an inside the climbing rocket-then army is trying out a liquid plase pipe. Measures are pro-ect.
rocl purpua ov eject italf, taking the weight the which sets rapidly into a fands in an feed mixing-glam, Bolen
It ilik mesheen in too take down of the booster on alcol haweers, rigid fuam. It can be poured into Is shaken for
for tyling for quik 30 Interofis nience or for use with Its framework will probably moulds to form the aides, roof seconds, then gushes out. Price a computer." be made from titanium alloy and floor of a hut.
procitely
of an automatic barman: £190.
(London Express Kurules).
with Mr
With that Green bared His handler, of Hoth--and within minutes the Pontardawe,