Down the stops came the Cossacks, rolling the crowd back like a stair carpet. This is how the scone was reconstructed in the famous Russian film "The Battleship Potemkin."
The nightmare scene on the Richelieu Steps
THE COSSACKS
TAKE
REVENGE ON THE MOB
WITH A MASSACRE
demonstratory pouring down the steps to get near the bier.
From the windows of his H.Q. General Kokhonov could see these demonstrators coming up area the steps from the dock
they had been told.
Appropriate
that could destroy the whole criminals? We won't touch her, terrorist realmo withke, minutes." Now go below before you get
A bombardment? Now that hurt.
stors from the Potemkin's crow.
way something; different, the The rest of the Vlaklin's committon members wonceded, “allcere wore next mummoned on Of course they could open fire, board, similaris deprived of there was no dimoulty in that, their workow 'andă epaulettes, and But what would they shoot at? swe under gerdd to the They had no idon where the admiral's stateroom, where they military H., was. The army, joined their captain pod spec- police and Comedic kits were scattered about the city. Tho mutineors did not have even, a man of the city on which the governor-renoral's headquarters. the city hall, or any other useful fargets might be located. No, a bombardment also was out of the question for the present,
No
There, too. they Were treated to a rousing speech by
·Feldmann, who noted to pers Tection the
ohled part of fire-eating
propagandist 10 the resetationary canso. • *At last the day has arrived." ho concluded, Detentatiously swinging his revolver to and tro. "when the long-suffering, down-
guarantee trodden people of this country
oro rising up to cast judgment for their
A
OPPICESOIE bombardment might be on their
crimes. singed, agreed the committee,
Feldmann claimed later that when the rest of the fleet arrived
a powerful assuming that its many known his speech, made
an the captive the impression mutinotts elements took opportunity now presented by officers, and that they had the insurrection in the most turned green with fear; but in fact their period of anxiety was powerful battleship, seized con-
brief for the sailors of the trol and brought the whole Black Sea Squadron over to the Vickha had already despatched an urgent plea to the Potem- cause of the revolution,
kin's People's Committee begging them to spare the lives of their officers who had always treated them fodrly.
Evidently the Vlekha was a happy ship.
the
But there was no guarantee that this would happen.
Would the
..of Tesc
the squadron regard them, as friend or jou?
Would the men in the Potem. So there was to be no more kin And themselves being fred bloodshed
battleship on by their comrades in the that day, and the captain and other warships? Or would they officers of the Vickhe, together be halled as the leaders of with Modane Golikey and her great crusade?
baby, were at once put ashore, Of all the Imponderables each officer, in a sudden gesture racing the committee of the of magnanimity, being pre- Potemkin this unknown atti- seated with one hundred tude of the rest of the Black roubles.
Sea Squadron was the greatest.
Thus the culminating excite-
ment of that first day occurred
That night the bereaved Indy
when a sudden cry of alarm was taken to see the body of her with others from a look-out spread the husband, lying words
Tho squadron!" taken from the sea the previous day by the Potemkin's torpedo throughout the ship.
Within minutes the entire dont and landed carller,
That night little groups complement of the battleship
of
was on deck, packed shoulder sailors stood gossiping on, the 10 shoulder against the rails, deck of the battleship, wonder- and peering anxiously out across ing how it would all end. Their Odessa's wide bay.
speculation was not lessened by
Was this the beginning of the end of the end of the begin- ning?
All that could be seen at Arst single column of smoke
wis
Clearly
K
a
on the eastern horizon, then a smul hull shape. was not a battleship.
"IL'S only the Vickha" sharp-eyed sailor suddenly cried out. And soon they could all recognise the little 180-ton feet auxiliary, a paddle steanter used for transport, delivery, and sur- veying.
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what they could see of events Shell House, Queen's Rd. H.K. on the shore.
$1000- Odessa presented tacular scene, Vast fires werd blazing all over the dock and warehouse areas, and sudden flames t up 10 undersides of 'rolling black smoke clouds.
From time to time parties of sailors broke off their conversa- lon lo stand by the rails and watch the sight of half a city in times and to listen to the sound of distant gunfire.
Many would have liked to go to the aid of the workers, but knew that they were unable to help until the squadron arrived could risk dividing and they their forces.
Th
first shots rang sailors had been driven from (Contd. from Page 6) death as they ture past. It was And then the
the very
Vakulinchuk's bier, leaving It stuff of Czarist out. Then at
unpredictable
At the head of the steps, a unguarded, reached the men in tyranny. parties, ments, scattered
had But this me the crowd did party of Cossacks
dis- the Potemkin only later in the up with afternoon when a bozt drew suddenly ylating to the appeals for action, filtered noisily away not at first turn and flee. The mounted, and formed
march were rifles raised. At the command alongside with an official depu- There was nothing to tear from from the main crush, calling men leading the
they aimed the fation from the Social-Democrat her; she did not carry even
apealing out slogans and waving banners, heady with a spirit of new con- of an officer,
She had fleet barrels and fired point-blank Parly
coumber single 3-pounder gun,
The committee members came for and made off up the Richelleu fidence and defiance. The
into the panic-stricken, fleeing action and bombardment. left Sevastopol two days before. up later to view the sight, and Steps, against the tide of fresh was behind them.
Already, the greatest crowd of men and women; drew The Potemkin's People's Com- On the Potemkin the faz of were affected by a similar feel- bailleship was on their side, back the bolts of their rifles; 'mittee was at once convened. St Andrew had been run up in ing of impotence. The sound
WAS growing And others would
now taking part in the place of the Red Fing when the of shooting follow, clescended three steps; crouched And
little. volume, the bursts of machine- and the on to one knòd -- all in perfect discussions were three civilian Vickha neared,
sustained. senior gun fire were more agitators from Odessa who had auxillary unison-and fired again.
saluted the before abourd
the vessel and asked for instruc- There was the crackling from The dead and
wounded come
• burning timber and from roofs Bone. rolled down step by step, massacre on the atope.
Chlef of these was Constân- Matushenko ordereti the stan- falling in. Many thousands more some gathering speed and tine Feldmann, a young man dard reply to be made, and sent were to dle that night in the tripping and carrying the destined to play a leading role a signal instructing the Viekha greatest massacre of the 1903 living with them. others
in the Potemkin affair.
to, anchor to starboard of the revolution. und inert sprawling imp
battleship and her scross the steps. The weight and momentum of such was the faith descent increased as the line of order to guarantee the the power and invincibility of
Cossacks advanced, rolling up
grent stair carpet of. public safety and to put an end the battleship, that many of the
the disorders at Odessa, we sirlkers must have
humanity: squatting fring. shells, IL have found
high-explosive to that
striding down three more steps miraculously aimed on moving declare a state of war
over their victims, dring again;
into the spacious boulevards at the tup.
How could they fuil Kokhanoy received a. telegram support on this scale? In
It was soon after midday that
from St
Petersburg. the reply of Czar to the Potemkin's
with
any
would It gave battle, the Potemkin Nicholas open fire, the sailors down on
of the quay had threat
assured them. destruction to Odessa. It said: And "In
necessary
them
their imagined
the
On no account--and certainly, torgets, from four miles away, pausing to fix bayonets, then at the risk of his career-must would at the last second single pacing down step by step in Kokhanov allow conditions to out the charging Coacks and their high black boots, thrust-
blow
lo deteriorale further,
before in the long pieces their eyes.
pholanx. It must
Chiks have been
In this
bellet crazy
they prod from the Czar that de hurlexi sticks and stones at the olded Kokhanov to take horses, as the gap between the
action when the first of the Cossacks and the moù closed to mobs surged into sight up few yards.
the Richelieu Steps. He order- Unaccustomed to deflunes, the
Terrifying -
bindes
Reality
Men and
Wometi
Adamant
↓
captain
come aboard to report.
10
1
NEXT WEEK:
The ship's guns speak
-Landan Express Serolce),
On the deck of the tile paddle steamer stood the wife
He had been the first of ur Captain Goldboy. She did not the Insurreallonists ashore to know she was a widow, that her tho perceive the immense posal. husband had been killed bilities
by opened up the mutineers of the Potemkin. She arrival of the Potemkin fly held her baby in her arms, and the bridge of Ing the Red Flag.
peered towards Here, he thought. was the the battleship, expoeting some which the sign of greeting from her hus- armed support Into
volutionaries
desperately band.
Viekha's the She watched needed. Now Odessa could be won for the revolution, And commander in full-dress uniform after that the revolt would en- descend to a boat and be rewed gulf the Ukraine and then cross the marrow strip of water and spread to every corner of the suparating the two vessels, On the quayside the second empire.
climb out on to the companion Those were his thoughts as ladder to pay his respects to his ed out a unit of Cossacks Cosszeks momentarily reined in party of Cossacks galloped Into from the Cathedral Square, their mounts. Then at a single action and caught the delayed he was rowed out to the ship. senior officer.
There was no sign of other where they were bivauneked, word of command they thrust recoll from the rear of the But, once aboard, he was swiftly
officers standing ready to greet disillusioned. crowd at the base of the steps. to quell any further dis- forward again.
the quarteredeck, and Sabres were raked high, and I did not take him long to him on orders.
A tow were slightly wound- followed There
а iragle, ed; all
came slashing down as contact realise that the vast majority of this was unusual. were seized with 2
Mme, Golikov's" mild surprise horrible and historic event.
determination to crush this was made with the first of the the crew had no conception of Halden and unexpected fleeing crowd,
their role as the pioneers if a changed to sudden anxiety when violence. With salires raised, the cobbles, sometimes scream-
she saw the bluejackets close in. fell to great historieat revolution,
round the captain the moment they resumed the chargn.'
These politically uneducated he set foot on deck. thrusting The Richelleu Steps are some lag. From above the volleys
sallors seemed to view their their rifles at him, waving their mutiny as a bit of a'lark and arms and apparently shouting The Cossacks, trained to be 25 yards wide and made up of gunshots confirmed the full,
a good excuse for a beal-up threateningly. less inhibited about attacking 12 nights, each of 20 steps, 240 terrible reality: this was a mas their
ashore as soon as they could fellow-countrymen than steps in all, each fight broken Forced back on two sides, the broader sten some 20ft, crowd fell back north along the the police
army. by or even the had suffered the humiliation of ocross.
cany towards the crush, around Massive blocks of granite up the martyr's bier, while others being stoned in previous dis-
side act as a boundary
Already a note of caution In the orders in the city, and had then each
centre of the melee recognised in the been held back while police separating the steps from steeply were forced into the water.
The two parties of Cossacks, could be
there was a dark sailor, shorter gloping gardens, deplt with the demonstrators.
many of the com- than the others, confronting the In attitude of All through thal morning, It was curiously appropriate one mounted the other still
thousands and symbolie that the most fam. Parade-ground formation, met mittee members, who had suc" officer with a revolver. while strikers
in persuading their base of the bloody.ceeded
"You're steps. marched shouting through the ous steps in the Ukraine, linking
of Matushenko told Joined leaders to follow a policy
The Viekhe's corpse-strewn the grandeur and luxurios of streets, they had awalled the
ship an restraint, perhaps in reaction to forces, and advanced at
captata sharply. "INS the rich boulevards with the order to continue the slaughter the uncontrolled violence of the belongs to the people now. Hand call to action.
When it arrived, It is certain unkempt and unprepossessing along the quay towards the sill previous afternoon.
over your sword and epaulettes." and dockland below, should be the that they were tensed up
But surely, the news
The ancer backed away m compromise, scene of the first head-on clash in no mood for
ring. bayoneting,
to slashing massacre on the steps would astonishmen And himself;
onn all .siden. Half the unit was ordered to in Odesen's civil war, the head of the Ruchelieu Stor ), They exist today and will with the rhythmic efficiency of now kindle some flame amoncs remed
Bio rosson to do me People's Committee. the rest to the quay by another probably never be destroyed, os mechanical harvester through even the most cautious of the
corn, to the people of
The civilians argued and why horn-f've always treated The sticks and brickbats and route to cut off the demonstra- Accred a sito.
Soviet Russla as Runnymede tors from below.
trampled pleeded. First they asked for my then fairly, hn mid.
"All right, we'll talk about . The Cossack arrival coln- or Yorktown to the British and slogan banners were
underfoot, the barrela and so armed party from the ship to that later. But hand over your eldest with the departure for Americans.
plonies of the orators'. that followed swept aside.
Blatform Ho ashore, engage the Copacks, mora, ond epachetten quickly. and take over the administrative and the sentry will look after the city of n
of great. crowd demonstrators, the Vanguard the
Only the bier was left intact, buildings of the city,
The of which had reached the top Cocks wok place down the and beside it the big wooden
of the steps bowl of aftorings from of the steps when 50 mounted entire length Cossacka bore down from both reaching its culminallon at the people, a heaped pilo of coins to sides of the Tucheltou mont base.
In
题
The massacre
temporary rebuff to the
thent sol in the crescent centre The leading demonstratore obove,
WWW.CIE thrown back from the The charging Cossacks, with crescent at the hend of the sabres already drawn, presented steps into the bottlenecks at
a picture of terrifying power the top. Those who scaped the and ruthlessness,
נו
slashing sabrea and
Басто
ut the
solld
about mass
the blet,
pay for a martyr's funeral.
Appeal
tho
Beneath the sail-cloth tent horses the corpse lay In iis fresh linen This was the nightmare acens hooves mow forced back the hun within its comt, in algnified which every worker and peasant dredy more, who were contrat, to the prowled bodies
from
private gel leave, or as s settlement { old grievances,
a purely parochial affair,
of the
Laughter
under
arrest
Branch
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*You met int me sebarn to armed party, to have"-sur my ship” doxosoded, the officer, chance againsé a regiment of "I shan't try to ́escope. bAIS I Comacka. would have to be have responsiblillies there no large that it would Kösre, "What sort of responsibsit the ship open to emander. Lisa?”: a volcó demanded. sttack. The oewer, zamË TE * date a womnes wêttr'a baby
พี main united,” they argued, it on board:
there
[?^You%;\#{{#?” soother sailor should be no dividing of their naked in mocio. Gleballet. faroes.
"Noy Biocoson. (128","
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a
A
*175* NER 2049 to a chorus of
in the land had learned to fear, unaware of the Cossacing, scattered about it on all sides, "But what shoul your stated Laughter
to and in en obaveno wide trail up countered the civilians," "The childhood, and never onslaught and continued expected to survive: the slasting push their way towards the top the Richelieu. Eteps to tha workers are relying on your the octome odeiation (aka: IDE
There were seconds of agents- boulevard, above. whips, the mbro cula, tho
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