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1
NOTES
Undated Minute made available by Mrs Margaret Leeds, formerly Research Officer with the Royal Hong Kong Police.
2 Henry J. Lethbridge, "The District Watch Committee: The Chinese Executive Council of Hong Kong?", in Hong Kong: Stability and Change, (Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1978).
3 This paper is based on a chapter of the author's PhD thesis, Private Security and Government: A Hong Kong Perspective, 1841-1941, awarded by the University of Hong Kong in 1999. In the interests of space, most of the end notes contained in the thesis have been omitted from this paper.
4
5 Kaifongs were local Chinese welfare associations. As early as 1857 a sworn mutual aid association known as the U-lan-shing is claimed to have united the four smaller kaifongs of the Tai-ping-shan, Sai-ying-pun, Sheung-wan and Chung-wan districts. Henry J. Lethbridge, op. cit., pp. 105-106.
6 China Mail, 8 February 1866; China Mail, 22 February 1866; J.W. Norton-Kyshe, The History of the Laws and Courts of Hong Kong, (Hong Kong, Vetch and Lee Ltd., 1971, first published 1898), 2, p. 86.
7 Annual Report of the Registrar General for 1867, Blue Book 1867, p. 248, §20 - §21.
8 The Baojia or Native Chinese Peace Officers scheme, which was introduced in 1844, was discontinued by 1861.
9 Trevor Bennett and Richard Wright, Burglars on burglary: prevention and the offender, (Aldershot, Gower, 1984), pp. 50-53.
10 Minute by Cecil C. Smith, 22 December 1871: CO129/156, pp. 117-118.
11 Hongkong Government Gazette, 6 January 1872, p. 2. Henceforth HKGG.
12 Report of the Police Commission, 27 June 1872: CO129/164, p. 290 (20, §60).
13 Brenda Yeoh, Contesting Space: Power Relations and the Urban Built Environment in Colonial Singapore, (Kuala Lumpur, Oxford University Press, 1996), p. 117; Under the heading 'Asian Counter-strategies against Municipal Sanitary