#
CURIOUS - I SEE THREE OF YOU....
THROUGH indian glASSES
THE CHINA MAIL," SATURDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1986.
Mural Copyright by arrangement with the Sun, Seite Quardian
Page: 18*
HUNGARY: HOW AND WHY
-EARLY Afty years ago Lenin made
N
ائے
careful analysis of what constitutes a revolutionary situation: he found that not only must the people be unwilling to tolerate conditions longer, but the rulers too must be rent by schism and "unable to continue in the oki way." Those conditions
are
any
not common, and in recent years there have revolu- been practically no
By J. E. M. ARDEN
Even after decades of propaganda,
the fact that only huge alien_forces were able to put down the Hungarian revolt reveals this truth: Communism
rules by terror, not
consent.
The students were fast joined by workers, and then by the mass of the population. Becret police fires on the crowds, ant the Then, almost immediately. country was in flames. Gero called in Russian troops and at the same time conceded the Premiership to Nagy.
Fone
Most of the army had over to the rebels, who demand
simply national freedom, Social-
new
lern and free elections, Nay sympathisod with those alms on the inability of the Soviet divisions to deal with the in- surgents enabled him to come to terms with the revolution on Its orwt
A conditions, tionary situations except
government representing the Social Democrata where the disintegrating their openly demonstrated came in Hungary, when a large Communists,
soction of the Communist Party and peasants was set up, and force of a war has loosened strength, have built
could no longer hide from fighting coneed. the government's grip. against themselves a hidden themselves the fact that the force of popular feeling economie results of Soviet rulo Moreover, since Lenin's which is in its turn
undeniably time the State has become powerful than any revolu- incomparably more power- tionary sentiment of the ful. Totalitarianism has past.
up
J. E. M. Arden la now a university lecturer - In European -history, Journalistic and teaching assignments have taken him to severni East Euro- pean countries and on- abled him to study at first hand the trends of political thought among the
workers and intelligentsia.
Just as in Metternich's time, the Budsport robgla of today anQË the Marseillaiso–the okh menaskó of radical democracy,
National freedom and elections were đào tin đồn mands of the Hungarian revolua- This was an astounding feat... Horaries. These were supported,
the 19th cen again just disastro, a totalitarian regime backed by luy, by Socialist demande, for that the essentials of the Com a foreign stay had,
the idea of Socialist, too, was munist programmo-collectiviza- first time, been overthrown by tion of agriculture and heavy ite people. How
this once again shown to have a Industrialisation — had brought possible, even granted the splits genuine organic existence, bay- ruin. At the same time a system in the ruling group? The ing nothing in common with the The unanimity, despera- in which junior leaders them- tential point in without the perversions of it made in the party and police control on tion and courage of the selves are always in mortal alightest doubt, that the rising doctrines of tolgiltarianism,
developed the techniques of
the one hand, and a monopoly of indoctrination on the other,
Events in Hungary have shown that the powerful repressive techniques of totalitarian Communism, apparent to everyone
A NEW POLICY FOR THE
THE TORIES
F Britain was a world Power in July, she
weakened
to say that we
fatally
Suez fiasco.
By Viscount HINCHINGBROOKE
Conservative
MP for
Dorset
Und Trust schemes should be Economie Co-operation. and fostered
other organisations are the sole of sustaining this pres-
not
savings
canalise into shares
these new is a world Power
regionalised industries and also today: it is absurd in the industries and services have been in which the workers are
by the employed
"Properly owning democracy" realisable through National Savings. Premium that i certain number of Boods and deposits in the Post leading Ministers lost their
A conservatively controlled senise of direction at the state would discourage much of critical moment.
this wartime centralised invest-
trict instal ment variety and choice.
All that has happened is
offee.
The facts of o DESSERTOLIN national lifan the facts of G unmetise
Trading position. The Tue's tour large
amament
19% *****
diplom.ty
w isl the same, main
Nothing
1
Nothing has planged
Ista
Cour-
age in high pl; es
The Sunz debele Towever, make clear bal authods of deploying enter strength must be drastically changed.
The Tury
HIN reassen!
firsth and 1 pk agament din auging quixulty of Laber. 1 d. Socialiste, many of them datured parents of Tha British way of life at home and
OVETSCHES
What should be the articles of our tails and the points in art bmediate Draghalome exprese 103
to
THE STATE MHS must alter its relation
with the people. The attitude of individuals towards Goverment depuitments is
DEFENCE
LAXPENDITURE
אומית
ECONOMY
NOW the interference by the U.S. iri our actions over Egypt points to the opposite con- efusion, namely, that these or- ganisations may be the very
211 CRATEST
South
Power since the war 19 capitu- lata We have not ruffered so great shame since the loss of the American Colonies.
in
The United Nations, being based on a false concept of authority, is bound to fall to keep Egypt al bay, and the larger Ha polyglot force tho more grotesque will kis problems of sovereignty become.
The United Nations Emer
Frece gency
is an urtańcial, meddlesome,
Incived. Illegal device, the product quixotic idealism, the brain child of men who wilfully ignore of the historieni development mankind,
by the process which nations rise and fall.
and
THE U.N.
of
by which British inde- pendence is frustrated.
When our national barometer is our reserve of gold
and on greater dollars and little
etse; when exporting to the US. I the when highest priority
of all: the maintenance of the Sterling defence Ares, the present parity of the reduced. * 1 heavily
pound, and the present price of offer Bloggieal to
the gold are all declared American hydrogen weapon as a guarantee Interesta, une speculates into against wars between frst-class what
hothouse chargerous
DRITAIN cannol continue Powers and at the same time to reoremy British Interests have the United Nations and watch try to render it ineffective by wandered since the war.
this organisation bring about fabulous systems of defence.
the steady dissolution of Weapons for small-scale con-
Commonwealth. ventional arul police War's should be
Selective Delaled.
14 service must be introduced
Kİ trad alongside well-paid weil accommodated
Tues
Regular
we
A triumph was secured when Britain left the International What Agreement.
Can realise our independence with- out leaving Bretton Woods and letting the pound go tree?
Finally there is the United Nations. By excrting our right of velo in the Security Council we declared that our operations
in the Canal were a vital British
herret.
The Anglo-American alliance must
set on a new foot- ing of realistic independence.
Events in Poland and Hungary strongly support the theory of Within two days we reversed a contmeting Russlan Empire if this decision and allowed EL pressure is sustained Hitherto United Nations Emergency it has been held that the North Force to displace us. Adlantic Treaty Organisation. To such a pass has Great the Organisation
come-the For European Britain
only great
The Tary
in
our
If we cannot gain control of its policy through the right of veto we should leave the United Nations and stand four squa against
Party, 过 it raliles to a new themo and to give good government to our policy. has three years in which country; If it does not, grave problems, Involving perhaps the discontinuance of parliamentary government, will arise.
We can choose.
(COPYRIGHT)
turning from cynleism 10 hatred. A GERMAN PRINCE BECOMES BRITISH............. AND POSES
We are not far from Poujadism.
Compulsory purchase la W
must be revised. Compensation must assume more generous proguntions.
Taxallon of income and capital must be substantially reduced. Posiwar eredits and other such pledges and obliga- tions immediately repaid OT honoured.
The State must withdraw from "purposive direction"
our economy,
of
Subsidies of selected indus-
tries and sectional groups must
A QUERY FOR THE ROYAL
HOUSES OF
OF EUROPE
By GEORGE HOGAN
be reduced. They are putting Marienburg Castle ment British.
al and artisan classco under
or
rebates against means test Royal House of Hanover the throne--his line would by the Lords.
grania
education,
and and
" wartime
IVING in the ancient was also entitlëd” të “call, himself Augustus claim was first con- sidered in March 1953 he lost the sociology of the profession- Hanover in Germany is 42 heir of their first Georges and it was, however, reversed by the
Prince Augustus is the male
the case. The Court's decision
heavy
Dislilusionment years old strain.
Prince Ernest the so-called Salle Law had Court of Appeal in November and Jealousy are spreading. Augustus, head of the operated in Britain by which last year and it is this judgment
The system of
confirmed excluded princesses are
from that has now been Panzer have been reigning in Britain pensions is a Marxist concoption officer, whose claim to today. and should be brought to an British nationality has been The Act of 1706 under which upheld by the House of the Prince claimed British citi-
zenship is quite alcar. It on the Lords, the final judicial au anacted in Queen Anne's reign
thority.
when
It was improbable that the Electress. However, prob Slato and business salaries This judgment also gives the Her Majesty would leave any. and pensions must be restored right of British protection and
In housing,
cad.
There must be ‘a fulfilment of our long-hold beliefs differentiated society.
Britlets
WHAT IT MEANS This final rulling means that almost all the royal familles in Europe can now claim
ot nationality as descendants
Low of tho * kinameri will take privilege,
obly
only
It mistes that English dvantage at the to something approaching the nationality to a number of the
would be given to pre-1014 differentlais. Too many Prince's idinsmen, who like him "the Princess Sophia, Electress especially ar, under the Royal in the middle-income group are direct descendants of the and Duchem Dowager of Marriage Act, they should feel that the Welfare State is Princess Sophia, Electress of Hanover, and the issue of her have wought the reigning maintained by them but that Hanover and mo King body and all persons lineally Sovereign's authority for their they get too little out of
GROTEC I of England. Their descending from her born or alianoce.
Failure to do so readers their
mother
There is an unhealthy decline number is Variously estimated hereafter to be born."
country and a hopeless feeling that the nation's destiny. beyond the propio's great.
PROPERTY
are now orlitled to use them."
1
dondition they may not be
Thilm in- willing to cance
in patriotism' and Jove nt between 100 and 100 rithough This wording is straight marriages void under
they may not all claim or forward and unserguable but con- British legal system and this is desire British passports, they traversy arose
over, the amble
to the Act troductory paragraph, und, the clumsy, přiraso Under the judgment, which in your Majesty *** life upholds an Ach off Parilament should bo naturalised", pred in 1705 10 conferriglish to limit the gray of nailon nationality on Princess Sophia to descendants born tive and mado", mubi "to the bad her descendants, it la citer, Queen Anne's dogth in?
TE nationalised industries, and particularly, cool, raust be taken off
the bower #boulders of Ministers, do centralisedă, rondered compell
price mechaninen" and
KAISER ALSO
bittet engity, In
pravou once again that
whatever
of
ation: enacted during
务
is certainly not
rebels
more
wone
to had danger, consed of Budapest caught up with the power many of them, of its oppressora. And the
methods of 1848 vid barricades,
appeal
for the
to was in every sense a national one. The whole population. Communist and non-Commun- ist, joined in. And the astonish- determination and self- shown came from *ncrifice people who quite simply pro
death to ferred
o return to Russian rule. They voted against the Kromlin, not just with
but with ballot-paperA
their lives.
Moscow
If the old ideas of revolution- ary democracy and Socialign aro still capable of gripping a quation arises what nation, the were they fighing against? And we must conclude that the cor rupt, brutal and vulnus regluna against which the people
today's genuine "Reaction- the Authentic BUCERISIÓN Metternich and Nicholas 1, the legitimista and mitocrats of th past.
rond
The simple freedoms are, os
in the days of the Holy Alliance, faced with a complicated systern of ideological justification, gi
demonstrations Faced with the disiniogration and the revolutionary gen- of the old leadership oral strike which had tried to build up a new one a compromise between old Stalln- considered ob ists and rehabilitated dissidents. long been solete in the face of modern The balod Rakosi was removed, into and though he was replaced by weapons, agal: came
the sourcely less notorious Gero, their own.
several anti-Rainosites entered the ruling group, in particular somo ex-Social- Democratic renegades and Kadar, who bod More striking still is the fact been imprisoned for Titolsm.
that, 17 even the Soviet controlled radio transmitters But the Arst resulta of the confessed, it was the young relaxation were a series of open people who had grown up under which the main polat im "W* criticisms of government policy Soviet rule who put up tho now best-do what we beli by student and intellectual or
or most desperate resistance. The you," the slogan of opprestigi ganisations. Events in Poland, revolution started with the Throughout history. where the Titot National hand-picked and highly in-
Even after decades had obtained was Communists"
doctrinated students. It sprend control in the face of Russian 10 the supposedly favoured faced' propaganda, the fact that
threats, pressure ond
huge allen
forced Ve workers. And it was supported only the Hungarian population, and
by the Communised army.
able to put down student demonstrations began
citizens reveala this 10
the demand
expulsion of What has been shown in that Communism rules by terror. Gero and
ot the democracy, In the traditional not consent. The Soviet emprice "Righlist" Communist, Nagy sense of the word--the desire is shown to have no roots En (then still in disgrace) who had for the same freedoms that the people. Depending on fores and with the relaxed economic pressure were sought by the revolutions and fraud alone, during his brief Premiership in of 1848-a sill the most vital fraud detected, it must soo
The repressive regime was overthrown, The first divisions of Soviet troops it called to its ald were de feated. And only an over- whelming force of Soviet regular formations
ill able to put down the organised and ill-equipped revolutionaries. But then the Russians found that no one could restore their rule on the old terms.
The split in the ruling class, which Lenin had noted no one of his conditions for revolution,
1953.
the return
excited
political force in men's hearts. or later perish,
of bare,
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