1
Page
THE CHINA MAIL, TUESDAY, APRIL 12, 1955.
RED REPRESSION OUR UNDERWATER COMMANDOS
IN MONGOLIA
By WALTER KOLARZ
HE Soviet Academy of National Revolutionary Party. The Soviet Ademi ed which had existed for over
30
rc-
years, and whose final political an interesting monograph objective was Mongolia's inde.. which, for the first time, pendence. It staunchly opposed gives the story.
of the class struggle, was anti-Chinese. Mongol only persona of suppression of Mongol and on
nationality could be members. nationalism By the Chinese The Chinese Communists Communists in the years tognised that this party might 1945-47. The book is en- one day became a danger to the Communist Chinese Republic to titled "The Democratic be; it was, therefore, disbanded, Movement of the Mongol and the Constitution acceptert People in China." by S. D. under its auspices soon fell into Dylykov. It shows con- abeyance,
vincingly that the Chinese Communist Party has ap- plied the same policy to the Mongols as
the Russian Communists applied towards the border nationalities of the Soviet empire.
Dylykov's book discloses that In 1940-46 a movement for the unification of all Mongols was alcat in Northern China. Alter the capitulation of Japan many Mongols in China, and appat
FULL-SCALE PURGE
ta
of
A new Congress of people's representatives was summoned in April 1947, and it was this body which gave Inner Mongolia its present inferior status "Autonomous Region." "Although the Chinese Communists had a hand in the organisation of the new Congress, Mongol national- lets were still strongly repre- sented there, and raised their voice against the recognition of Chinese Communist leadership of the Mongol national move Inner Mongolia with Outer ment According to Dylykov. Mongolia (the Mongolian they once mere put forward People's Republic). Numerous
"the thesis of the Independence separation China."
lions,
entire Organisat agitated for the amalgamation
tion of
its
from democratic
letters, appeals and resolutions of Inner Mongolia and were sent by Chinese Mongols to the Government of the People's Republic and its Premier. Mar- shál Chol-Balsan,
AIM TO DIVIDE
But they were out-voted and, after the Congress, had no further chance of defending their point of view openly. Dylykov says that they estab- lished an underground National has Revolutionary Party
Inner Mongolia, but in December
No Soviet publícator. previously mentioned Greater Mongol movement, which appears to have assumeri large proportions. IL
that both the Soviet Govern ment and the Chinese Commun ist Party were firmly resolved that the Mongols must remain divided-Outer Mongolia as u Soviet satellite
and
Inner Mongolia a Chinese province.
In the initial stage of their struggle for power," the Chinese Communists could not afford to The Mongols alto- antagonisc
mother. So far . while they
Whe
in
a Communist commission unmasked the ties of the underground groups Ko the wrecking activi- and took measures"
for their liquidation. What the measures were, Dylykov does not say. In oil likelihood, there was a full- scale Communist purge, with the familiar accompaniment of mass arrests and executions.
RED TRIUMPH
Mongolia. Dylykov
For a long time the Commuri- tolerated the campaign for self-ist Party of China had no determination. In January 1940, organisation of its own in Inner when the first People's Con-
attributes met this to the fact that there were gress of Inner Mongolia the
under- Chinese Cornmunist Party too few Mongols who was still unable to impose its stood
foundations the
- of and who centralist policy on the
Congress paid lip cartely appreciated
the prin- of class struggle.
people. The service
of the Mango! Marxism-Leninism
to the sovereignty of ciples
China over Inner Mongolia, but The Chinese Communist Fro-
a kind of in fact proclaimed a
me close autonomy which came fully-fledged Independence,
In their demand for self- determination, the 552 delegates
who participated invoked the
pledge of the Atlantic Charter that all peoples should be able
WB5
to choose the form of govern ment under which they wished to live, A Corstitution adopted whereby. Inner Mon- golia would have had ils autononious People's Army, and have concluded
countries.
The driving force
Mongol congress
THE RADIO DRIVES
OLD ABDEL-SAMIEH
OUT OF BUSINESS
By DAVID
BURK
Top left: One of the most thrilling incidents of "Above Us The Waves," which tells the inspiring story of the heroic men who manned Bri- tain's human torpedoes and · X-craft. As the midget sub- marines were towed across the North Sea to Norwegian to attack the 40,000- waters to ton German batleship Tirpitz, the mooring wire of a float- In
ing mine became impaled in
the towline of a midret. The sub-lientenant in charge of the submarine scrambled ou to the casing, and by deft footwork
was able, in the nick of time, to prevent it from colliding with the craft.
Top right: The diver of a midret. sab slicing through the anti-submarine nets surround- `ing the giant battleship.
Lower right: "Charioteers” fixbig impet mines to the hull of their target.
Cairo. the hawkers, and the vise to suit the audience and BDEL-SA MIEH barrow-boys-- that Abdel- the occasion.
el-Tantawi, aging now Samieh tells his tales,
For the story-teller is to and almost toothless, for Inner vincial Committee. Mongolia was established
Sitting on a plaited rush the Arab coffee shop what in is the last of the Cairo July 1947.
stool, an off-white turban the juke-box is to the The event is
me hailed by official Chinese Com-story-tellers. It took
tightly atop his American drugstore-only ajor more than an hour, to find bound monist propaganda as a major
He hires his ser victory, as, of course, it was, for him-an hour of wandering, wrinkled cocoa-coloured face, more so.
the film. stained beige galabish vices to the proprietor, who its tablishment meant the from coffee shop to ill-lit, triumph of Chinese, Communist smoky coffee shop along the flowing nightshirt-like from lets it be known that Abdel-
back his shoulders, he saws away Samieh is here this
centralism over Mongol aspira-
tions for genuine autonomy." garbage garnished
week. at a primitive one-string with these-and-those famous his alleys of the old city.
epics. This is the Cairo tourists viol, and chants:
Dylykov does not take story beyond the beginning of
1948. But, as the Mongols will
scarcely have abandoned their never see, the slums that are "In the olden times it was.
at
this carried on during the
policy of repression has been
was
the ing years.
its own com- national aspirations, one may the norm of the Arab Middle related to our people that, mercial treaties with foreign assume that the Communist East. And it is to the people there was a Negro slave And so the public-men course- gather interven- who dwell in these off-beat named Antar ibn Shaddad. only, of
tiring of the areas the small artisans,. He was a mighty man, and round, never
bravest of all the Arabs liv- ancient tales. Enraptured by ing in that part of the the chanter's style and wit, desert.
they suck their way through glass after glass of thick milkless tea, and bubbling water-pipes.
Tiger
LAGER
THE
GOLD MEDAL Championship
BEER
1914 CERPRIS Keaton Boryan lizen CIPITAN
"Antar
:
Lower left: Havoc aboard Tirpitz as charges planted by the British explode under ita hult A dramatic scene from
HOW THEY PUT THE TIRPITZ OUT OF ACTION
I
*
By Peter Lovegrove
N September 1948, tankers and small bouts and also the powerful German wiped out a gun position irboard battleship Tirpitz was body secret to be waving pistols with uncontrolled firing. Every- put out of action in and threatening us to find out
a Norwegian fjord in one of the number, of midgets on the the most daring exploits of job. The Germans lost about a hundred men all told, mostly World War Two..
due to their own lack of dis- The 40,000-ton warship cipline" was in a well-nigh im- The Tirpitz did not sink, but. pregnable position. Lying the operation had a profound
so badly crippled that - of effect on the subsequent course
in 2 narrow bend
she was
the steep-sided Altenfjord, of the war at sun. It took a branch of the great months to effect the most urgent Trondheim fjord, 60 miles repairs, and when at last she left her hideout and tried to away from the open
sea, make
for home, the Royal Air she could not be subjected Force finished her off.
Two Victorin attack, and was
Crosses, three
to air
TWO MEN
lavishly protected by anti- DSO's two DSC & one CGM and five MBE's were awarded for the submarine defences.
undersea operation. "Some of the fastest and most modern units of the Royal Navy, so badly needed elsewhere, were immobilised in the North Sea on a ceaseless vigil to prevent her slipping out and wreaking have among our vital convoys.
very
AN carlier but unsuccessful at- to
A tempt had been made launch human torpedoes against this vital target. The "chariots," 15 these came to be known, were The epic attack was made by about the
size as ал same British midget submarines, ordinary 21-inch kupedo, but engaged on their
first with a detachable hood contain- operation. They were towed by ing 800 lbs of explosive. They orthodox submarines across the were driven by electric batteries. North Sea almost
the had a joystick control for rudder Norwegian coast, and then made and hydroplanes, together with their hazardous way through the pump mechanism and compressed innermost defences to lay their air supplies for emptying and. time-fused explosives eight tons filling the tanks.
mighty ship.
to
was
of amato-under the hull of the They were "ridden" by two men one was responsible for driving and
the navigating machine from the for'ard of the two seating positions and the other helped to negotiate the nets able warhead and limpet mines and secured the porpedo's detach- to the hull of a target.
SURPRISE COMPLETE surprise
achieved; and it was not until twenty minutes after the crew of one of the British craft had been picked up
after scuttling their curta.ft. that the Germans Bally realised their peril and prepared the ship for sea in order to get
outside the nets. This EX
A fishing boat camouflaged as into Trondheim fjord with two a Norwegian vessel was sailed trasardinary delay was fatal, how "charts" fixed under its hull ever, and the charges went off and the "charioteers" hidden In
a secret compartment, Lefore the ship could be moved.
In the "There was panic on board the fjord, however, the vessel was Tirpitz said one of the British caught in a storm and both tor- officers, who was standing on pedoes broke loose. There was deck when the explosiers took to alternative but to scuttle the boat, and the crew then made "The German gun crew their way on foot across Norway place. shot up a number of their own into Sweden, where they were
Newell Rogers' America Column
BATTLE OVER
THE DOLLARS
world
..
flown home.
This revolutionary form of attack had first been employed in World War Two by the Italians, who penetrated the Alexandria hintour defences and damaged British ships, but the idea had been conceived in Britain as early as 1909. It was turned down repeatedly by the authorities, including Sir Winston Churchill, when he was in charge of the Admiralty.
on
BESTSELLER CUCCESSFUL British "charlot" "And it is told that this
WHAT a difference an from people all over the ibn-Shaddad loved sweet coffee, thick sweet address can make! A anxious to suggest ways of end-attacks were later made
Italian shipping at Palermo, legal battle has started to ing war and armaments. determine if 84-year-old But Mr Stassen, who is still Tripoli and La Spezia, while Pierre Du Pont was a re- head of America's foreign aid midget submarines destroyed the
his
warships at own on his hands. He is against Japanese sident of Delaware State or programme, has a little war of eating dock at Bragen and Pennsylvania,
Singapore. battling with the Senate's in- vestigating
The story of these underwater committee which
the Sultan's daughter Badr el-Baddour, Full Moon of Full Moons. And she loved him also, to her father's displeasure.
"For the Sultan, it is related, wished her to many her cousin, whom she did not love. And he forbade her to wed a slave..
They giggle in anticipation of the funny bits they know are on the way, screw their heavy features into masks of misery
If Perinsylvania wins, tried to serve him with a sub-commandos has been told admir- at the sad bits. And when as in Hollywood's old Pearl White taxes on his estimated 80- poena to answer some questions obly in "Above Us The Waves, days the chanter recites:
a bestseller which has run million dollar estate will about his agency.
into fourteen editions in under two FORTY-ONE "So Antar ibri-Shaddad amount to
Stassen refused to accept years and has also been raised his mighty sword of iron million dollars. But if and explained. he was detez-translated into French, Dutch, and with one blew smote and Delaware wins taxes will mined to prevent a repetition at Spanish and. Norwegian. Now, killed forty of his enemies be under FOUR million, "Nazi and Communist types of a striking British film version and if you will gather here
Du Point, former chief of interrogation. He is not dodging has had its world premiere in again tomorrow night I shall tell what happened next....
General Motors as well as the the committee because he offers Malta before HRH the Duke of great Du Pont De Nemours, was to appear before it voluntarily. Edinburgh. ....they stamp their feet,
born and died in Delaware It's the method he objects to. on and catcall, and ask for more where he rented a 1,100-dollar-a like any little boy at bedtime.month apartment but spent
The story goes on and on and
Chanted on. single high-pitched note, just occasionally dying But Abdel-Samich is from most of his weekends in
secret of the away on a sombre inflexion, He knows the
spoken strip-cartoon. --- enough's like the cantor leading as good as a feast prayers at a mosque.
It is not a new story, this tale of how Antar iba- Shaddad strove to prove himself worthy of a Sultan's beautiful daughter, ultimate success.
"
Pennsylvania mansion,
*
This superbly exciting picturE, in the best British documentary tradition, concentrates entirely on the two operations against the Tirpitz, and was made with full ALL the way from Australla co-operation of the Admiralty.
One of protests have been reaching
the VC heroes of the Donald Gimbels, New York department attack, Commander NO matter how she tries store, about their Easter window
Cameron,
HN, acted as special! America just can't
get rid display featuring six live kan adviser on the production. Pro- of her mountain of surpluses
ducer William MacQuitty is him Today, Abdel-Samich has a bought by the Government
self a trained frogman. One terrible rival the radio. It has support farm prices. Valued at It is cruel, say the Australians, naval officer now employed on infiltrated into Arab town and $7,000 millions, it includes, ac but Gimbels say the animals X-craft (es midget submarines village, and it is driving the cord
cording to one estimate,
male in dow as in a zoo. the country w
with six new shirts, to spread gen-
geroos,
with coffee shop raconteurs "into, ob- | cotton to provide every ́ugh are just as well of in the win-are known officially) assured me
scurity.
exough andwich a day for In fact, it is one of the But it is doing so with what crously a two famous Bedouin epics Abdel-Samieh regards as "dis- the entire school year for every honourable trickery. For, with pupil, and enough cheese to fill handed down from father its wider resources, it brings to these sandwiches. to son for countless genera- the people every night - one Wheat flis every available loaded In 422 tions. Since long before the long short story, or play, com- bin and is now
tied-up ships. Just for storing Prophet's time, Abdel plete and unabridged
the surpluses the Government
Samich's family will have With which comment, Abdel- been spinners of thousand- Samieh collects his "baksheesh," spends $224 millions a year. and-one-nights yarna, cach spits heartily into the unsavoury. son being led by the hand gutter, and wanders down the cobbled lane to the hole in the
FIRST PRIZE CLASS 1.
the son learns every word and gesture by heart.
DE COSEPERITON ACAD Malzer Baserade Lea SEGLION MALEA
Distributors AS. WATSON & CO. LTD. Tel: 38720
*
that he could not fault' a single technical detall, *
AUTHENTIC
IN Bessemer, Alabama, 17-THE producer has been obliged to compress and simplify come year-old Charles Vines told, his of the incidents, ep that the mother he wanted to join the famous episode is not retold Vines "Tine, son, I'll join UP fighting sequences did in fact Air Force. Said mother Mildred completely accurately, but all the
with you.". P
take place, and there is a most Today they both enlisted, she inspiringly authentic air about extraneous love in the US. equivalent of the the film. No
cffair or displays of Ekrol-Flynn- WAAF.
Like swashbuckling have been allowed to mar this diguided screen tribute to a handful of tallant men whose individual comage and endurance needed no embellishments.
The underwater photography
THE lovely though some day after day to coffee shop mudifrick wall he knows as times gaudy two-ton [aulo- and market place. In time home,
mobiles being turned out by His fellow tale-spinners have
the Detroit. factories tempted
MAMBO has finally invaded already retired to remote vll-free to my new cars last New York cafe society.
new cars last night club hokis Mambo lages, Some may return briedy
One He learns also the other to Cairo for the annual festival les 710,000. That 19 nights on Sundays, It is mainly is quite remarkable and the secrets of the calling: how of Ramadan,
26,000 more than in the record the
buy
topad & story out for six But Abdel-Samieh knows he breaking month of August 1950, chaty sports who cha Whale film most competently
to
i
directed by Ralph Thomas, who made that
great >hit - “Doctor: In But
in a basement dance hall the House "** This cast is headed "In Tunca Square, teenagers by Johni. Mills, John Gregson (ofte HAROLD SEASSEN, newly dance all night to a Diciem Geneviever), Damid Sinden (of appointed "Secretary for Peace! Negro band from New Oflena:
Sea) and James ine deluged with letters Not one mambo all night,
Robertson Justice.
or seven two-hour sessions; has not many moons left to ⠀⠀ how to end each part on the him, and his son is driving a right note of suspense to text. So he will watch those last moons wax and wane between bring the customers back the narrow walls of Cairo's next nights how to impro- fick streets