31
1
Elgin to Clarendon, 9 Jan. 1858, Accounts and Papers, XXXIII 257) p. 140 and Bowring to Malmesbury, 15 April, 1859 Confidential Print, FO 405: 6. fol. 2, no. 1. It is often said that Martineau des Chesnez (see for example Hurd, The Arrow War, p. 125) spoke Chinese as well. This seems a confusion based on the fact that Chesnez spoke English and thus was helpful as a French-English linguist. See for example, Gros to Walewski, 13 January 1858, p.s. of the 14th, CP 23, fol. 41, AE.
1
5
Wade to Elgin, 10 March, 1858, Accounts and Papers, XXXIII 2571, (1859), p. 226.
See Steven A. Leibo, Transferring Technology to China: Prosper Giquel and the Self-strengthening Movement, (Berkeley, Institute of East Asian Studies, 1985), ch. 5.
Bourboulon to Walewski, 5 October, 1858, CP, vol. 22, fol. 177-178, AE plus Leibo Transferring Technology To China, ch. 1.
7
Laurence Oliphant, Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's Mission to China and Japan in the Years 1857, 58, '59 (London: William Blackwood and Sons, 1859), vol. I, 151.
10
Gros to Walewski, 3 January, 1858, CP, vol. 23, fol. 8, AE.
Gros to Walewski, 3 January, 1858, CP vol. 23, fol. 8, AE.
Gros to Walewski, 8 January, 1858, CP vol. 23, AE.
Hurd, The Arrow War, p. 125.
Bowring to Labouchere, 16 April 1858, FO 17 296, des. 49, fol. 117-118, PRO. and Stanley F. Wright, Hart and the Chinese Customs (Belfast: Wm. Mullan and Sons, 1950), p. 176.
13
Gros to Walewski, 8 February 1858, vol. 25, fol. 210, AE.
Laurence Oliphant, Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's Mission to China and Japan,
P. 155.
15 Genouilly to Min. de la Marine, July 1, 1858, Dossier Individual Martineau des Chesnez, CC 7 2503, SHM.
Elgin to Malmesbury, 5 November, 1858, Accounts and Papers, XXXIII 2571, (1859), p. 413.
17
Hsu, The Rise of Modern China 3 ed. p. 207.
19 Trenqualye to Walewski, 28 April 1859, CCC Canton, vol. 2, fol. 112 and
D'Abouville to Min. de la Marine, 2 May 1859, BB 4 763, fol. 106-7, AN.
19
Laurence Oliphant, Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's Mission to China and Japan, P. 155.
20
Gros to Walewski, 8 January 1858, CP vol. 23, fol. 23, AE,
21 Hurd, The Arrow War, p. 125.
15
21
D'Abouville to Min. de la Marine, 12 December 1858, BB 4 763, fol. 20, AN.
11 January 1858, Accounts and Papers, XXXIII 2571 (1859), incl. 2 in no. 83 fol. 149. PRO.
24 Coupvent to Min. de la Marine, 20 June 1860, BB 4 787, fol. 11, AN,
25
Hurd, The Arrow War, pp. 124-126.
26 Laurence Oliphant, Narrative of the Earl of Elgin's Mission to China and Japan, P. 169