Page
THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, JANUARY 4, 1954.
PEKING ATTITUDE TO
THE MINORITIES
HE Chinese Commu-
nist Government is
greatly proööccupića ***ag
By
WALTER KOLARZ
5
tories, but they must now share some of their powers with locally recruited per- Chiang sonnel, although in many and cases this is not yet pos- sible because of the shortago of reliable local Communists.
with the problem of its The process of forming "imperialist" and national minorities. These autonomous minority terri- Kal-shek agonts constitute less than 10 per tories is conducted by a counter-revolutionaries. cent of the population, but special Government Com-
the end conclusion by 1954.
of way
possess
they are scattered over 4 mission for Nationalities The Chinese Government These are now being trained large, sparsely populated Affairs, whose work is ox- does not claim that its at area, and live predominant pected to reach a successful autonomous regions in any Institute in Peking, where ly in border regions that are politically vital. China's minorities question has re- quired a solution for a long time, and the Communist regime is determined solve it.
to
a special Nationalities sovereign they are instructed in the rights. In this respect its principles of Marxism- policy differs from that of Leninism, the history of the the Soviet Communist Party. Chinese Communist Party and the works of Mao Tse- tung.
Great Han-ism
There are two reasons why the Chinese People's Govern- ment attaches importance to the nationalities problem:
The Chinese Communist first, it wants to strengthen Forty-seven different na its position by getting the
The total replacement of Government seems to have tional autonomous regions minorities more firmly under Chinese officials by so-called satisfied some of the econo- have already been set up in control, particularly those in "national cadres is not mic and cultural grievances various parts of the People's the southern border regions: even a theoretical aim of the of the minor nationalities, Republic. The most import and, second, the extension of Chinese Communist Party. but what it has given with ant are those allocated to
ex. Many of these officials have one hand it has often taken national autonomy is the Tibetans, Thais and Mongols, but this is only a pacted to enhance China's shown little understanding away with the other. For beginning, for the formation prestige in Southeast Asin of the point of view of the instance, it confiscated in where the nationalities prob- minorities, and the Commis. large numbers the cattle of groups of more autonomous regions lem is also an Important sion for Nationalities Affairs nomadic minority la planned, the number of
has been forced to charge such as the Khazaks, Mon- which..may, finally exceed
them with "Great Chinese gols and Tibetans, trans- 100.
nationalism." The official ferring them to livestock- term is "Great Han-ism" or breeding stations owned by "Great Han nationalism," the State. This imposed con- the word Han being used to siderable hardship on their differentiate between the previous owners and cused Chinese race in the narrow widespread dissatisfaction. sense and the minorities living in the People's Republic.
by OSDERT LancastER
înctor.
Local Nationalism
Information reaching the POCKET CARTOON outaide, however, shows that the totalitarian character of the Chinese regime has made a liberal minority policy as impossible as in the Soviet Union. No sooner had the
"Now this evening I want you to try to Imagine that see are back in that dark, smoky, bygone, London of
Charles Dickens—~tt.
Disturbances
The nomad
minorities
This "Great Han-ism" has Chinese Government started taken a variety of forms. have frequently been forced to grant national autonomy For instance, minorities to assume a sedentary life. than it saw itself compelled have been forced to speak but this policy has now been to launch its first attacks the Chinese language, to abandoned because of the against local nationallam, dreas in Chinese attire and serious disturbances it pro- to abandon local national voked, particularly in Sin- dances. Chinese officiala in klang, China's Far West. certain minority regions The Chinese Communist have, as an editorial in the party has pledged itself People's Daily, the official correct"
mistakes
Lo
Indeed, an official report recently Issued by the Com- mission for Nationalities Affairs complained that cer-
made in tain minorities had viewed
organ of the Chinese Com- handling the minorities Issue. regional autonomy 18 munist Party, recently put But such "correction" can hardly synonymous with getting rid it, "grabbed all the work", be successful sa long as the of Chinese control. In a
the Chinese so that officials from number of newly-established minorities were left without minority groups is modelled on regions there have even been
that of the Soviet Union, which in the past has shrunk neither riota and uprisings, which any real authority.
polley towards
the
to
the Commission attributes Chinese officials are to re-
the
of main in the minority terri-
from M:199 deportations nor
even trom outright genocide.
activities
PLEASE
NOTE
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President McCarthy, seizing power by a Tech--- nicality appoints Kerensky and Chiang Kai-Shek Emperors of Russia and China respectively and in future will do business only through them.
OLD LOW'S ALMANACK
I
PROPHECIES FOR 1954
World Copyright by arrangement with the Manchester Guardian
WAS IKE'S ALL-OUT EFFORT A FLOP?
Washing- By Ian Colvin
WAS at the Hotel Statler in ton for the famous annual dinner that FOREIGN EDITOR OF THE SUNDAY EXPRESS (LONDON) the Gridiron Dining Club viously inspired by the Chur- gave to President Eisen- chill peace initiative of May 11, hower. He had just made his mokes any imprint on history. monumental speech on atom control.
ion observers see in him the next Vice-President of the United States.
Joe, burly, hairy, olly' in mán- ner, looks like a typical villain played on the "four tears" of melodrama. But be is no fool, that he said the Republicans and he deals quite easily with a had revived---fear of depres- painel of tour American Press sion and Communism, fear of men and women, "One-wo:lders," I heard Eisenhower make his
who are thirsting to expose him. themselves and of freedom, UN speech. He spoke sincerely.
In saft tones, giving me a majestically, yet I wonder now This speech was a success, The Gridiron members whether Sir Winston was right The Jubilar Stevenson,
re meaty hand, Joe McCarthy told trooped up in white ties, to call it "one of the most im- turning to New York, attended me he has many friends in Bri- They are wealthy business portant events in world history
a party given by one of the tain who back him on China, most prominent hostesses, Mrs men, politicians, top jour- since the end of the war."
Ronald Tree. There his attitude nalists. According to tradi- Was that speech a flop? It confirmed Impressions that he tion, they
the was ragged
Impossible to say so at will run for President again in Government party in speech after speech. A cabaret show
ADVISERS
guyed the Republicans. "I begin to woll-hower has yet to make up his Dukies.
Then came the President's der if Churchill's Joseph C. McCarthy is the Dulles foreshadowed an "agons-
1956.
Thirdly there are Elsenhower's Second reason is that Elsen- mamerous advisers, headed by Foreign Secretary John Foster
Ho embarrasseS his mind whether he or Senator chler by over-emphasis.
When strong man of the Republicam ing reappraisal” of American
strategy
Europe, unless France geta together with At the very outset of the West Germany, ho was out
turn to speak. Ike remained seated. He did not even assessment will Party.
respond to the toasts.
Scandalised Gridiron
still seem right a Bermuda conference McCarthy of step with the President's
diners told me that this was year from now...
the first time in 68 years
was trying to dictate through global speech to the U.N. "9
once, even if there wag' a ring
a President of the that United States had declined to speak at their dinner in of unreality about it at I say his honour.
So now,
and it had a twofold
meant to
public opinion what Ameri- can policy should be towards allies who trade with munist China.
TIRELESS
It is not altogether surpris- Coming that people have taken to istening, not for what the Pre- sident may have to say what his staff is saying.
but
Of course there are practical,
alert men on his staff, but few
pria-
Both Mr Dulles and the of them are well suited to the President rebuked him for White House role. His suggesting that American aid to reach Britain should be stopped,
Eisenhower, looking pensive Of course it was an important and worn, was hardly the same speech, man who had spoken with auch purpose: pomp in the United Nations
1. It was Assembly four days before. Не
Russlo. bad lapsed into what was, com- pared with the public lives of 2. It Roosevelt and Truman, a monk- liko silence.
UNWILLING
Was
of Eisenhower at home.
cipal spokesman is James C. Hagerty, 11 newspaperman whose horizon is bounded by New York and the United Năm tions,
But when I met the notorious also meant to senator in Washington a week restore the personal ascendancy later McCarthy was far from
silenced. He was about to defend Another is Mr C. D. Jack- his case on a network of 400 son, Special Assistant In Cold Although the speech has had television and broadcasting sta- War Strategy, once vice- its echoes in Moscow, from what tico, Tader the American Con- president of Time Magazine. I have seen in America, It has stitution, it is quite right that I He is credited with drafting falled in its second objective. should go on declaring my con- the President's speech of De-
vlotions," said Senator Joc.
The emptiness of his White House Press conferences dis- There are several reasons why tresses his supporters. He seems a solitary speech, even a speech unwilling to talk freely, unable of grandeur, could not do that. to walk in the spotlight that follows an American President.
Joe McCarthy is a big, soft- spoken man with a disammleg manner. He does not bluster, he
cember 8. But there is serious doubt whether cold war, and consequently Mr Jackson, is not out of date today.
One Fсason why the rarely loses his temper. He is the An important advisor, but eloquence of Adlai Stevenson, most tireless, hardworking, and not on polities, is Mr Allen It was clearly to break that the last Democrat candidate for ambitious man kr the Republican Dulles, whom I met at his silence that Eisenhower made the presidency. I travelled to Perly. Texan millionaires and a Central Intelligence Agency. his dramatic appeal for sanity Philadelphia and heard Steven- powerful soclai clique In in the atomic age.
son reaffirm his leadership of Washington and Wisconsin the Democrat Party.
behind him. Only time will show whether that much drafted speech, dis- At a £35 a plate banquet That and his campaign to stemp cussed with Sir Winston designed to raise funds for out the Communist Firth Column Churchill at Bermuda, and ob- the Democrats Adial subtly American life make Washing-
HA
NEWELL ROGERS' AMERICAN COLUMN
BRITISH INITIATIVE IN
SPORT RECOGNISED
ато
Allen Dulles has a calm and balanced mind. I wish he had become Foreign Secretary of America instead of his brother,
-There
PROSPECT
acidic
Est Vice-President | Richard 'M. 'Nixon, · just . home from a fact-finding four of the Far East. He is a coming man, but I do not believe that Nixon can hold his own against McCarthy, Nor can the_mero business trainates
Eken- hower's Cabinet.
a job where the people expect
ike is a man used to wielding New York. Ho said It descended from machine for the aching backs big army groups in wartime and ATS OFF to British rounders,
and feet of shoppers.
talking a few big decisicus. At sportsmen! "No other
ON THE MONEY SIDE, the Wldren are to be allowed to inke dozens of decisions,
TWORKING WIDOWS
with the White House he has been, In nation has created so many encyclopedia lists £14 a work sports as the English," says the new U.S. Encyclopedia of Sports, just out.
as the highest pay in Britain's to deduct payments to baby
£15; in speedway racing, £31 returns. Boccer Towards; in cricket, minders in their income, tax
all not counting bonuses.
mail and not go small, every
day.
He is reluctant to contorm. BANDIT terrorising Brooklyn Men close to him tall no that the
In America the Class Al club A toy shope begin by saking President has an unvoiced
baseball. - znan can command 7,000 dolları |-(£2,500)
"It is difficult to find any sports, except 'some of very ancient or recent times, tha wore not devised or developed month, by the British people.”
Then the encyclopedia
fur toys for His (four-year-old admiration for the British boy.
or his three-year-old girl. monarchle system. He is holding Then he ashes a gun on the basic freen politics, as Britain's stariled shopkeeper,
head of State does. This will He has robbed tour shops of not do at all with Senator Joseph C. McCarthy of Wiscon¬ 8400 dollars (21,946), information CONGWRITER :: Harry Havel
\- LONDON TAXI-CAB is
tlets
Timon with the
31 sports of Bettiah origin. Two platured in the New York British cricket enthusiasts,
Henry Chadwick and Harry that it is 178ine. long. Wright, were the
ld you ever won a dreami
Mleven' and a half months ago ·
New York City Council is try, walking?"); and three queste het tienhower becuri President? Zt factors in the early developing to decide whether to inert to as in his fine with pillow, he wishes to survive a leader of ment of U.B, baseball.”:
smaller, ba coba. Prevent cases over their heads, while tho Arperican people, hey must "jumboat! Fans - 224ina, long.
three gunmen finished off his soon descend into the ring of bottle of Bootcha Cut e polities, and, fight: MoCarthy, ar
"Shao, mot án By pretending to That is the singlesaant" pros»
poet khéich of him in 1984...
Chadwick - (dlad", 1908) known as the "Tather of fá30+)
belle because henke G
Bedrse) for the State,
'how installed a firma zpasanath, deliver a Christi