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THE CHINA- MAIL, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 29, 1953.
COLOUR BAR
FLARE-UP
By YORKE HENDERSON:
London, QUESTION in the House of Commons has sparked off once again the whole business of the colour bar and London hotels.
Newspapers here have front-paged the story.
The chairman of one West End hotel-named by # Labour questioner in the Commons has been moved to state that his establish- ment puts up the colour bar in deferenco to the wishes of. ita regular clientele.
And the Minister of Food has had to admit that much as he deplores racial discrimination the com- mon law of Britain does not allow him to take sanctions against the operators of colour-bar hotels and res- taurants by withdrawing their catering Licences.
Rather A Pity
The whole affair bore all the hallmarks of similar the perlodic flare-ups in
SEZ past; an incident or series of incidents-this time the colour bar
that stories followed the Queen's visit to Bermuda-providing the #park; followed by the chain reaction of letters to the press, newspaper leaders, pious and practical, and a question in the House, It looked, too, as if the Colonial Secretary, Mr Oliver Lyttelton, was playing right into the hands of the "crusaders"" admitted that the hc when colour bar had to stay in certain Bermuda hotels because of the dollar tourist trade,
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But it's rather a pity that Mr Lyttelton could not intervenc when his colleague, the Food Minister, was asked whether he could take actiory against colour bar establishments.
If he had he could have told that his Ministry the critics wages a constant war against colour-conscious hotel-keepers.
--- BO booking
far
19
| brought to the notice of the app propriate officials in the Colonial Office, netion follows, swift and stern.
are big enough. nemes to con- stitute a good advertisement on any hotel's register.
Nor does the Colonial Office take action only when the glare of publicity is turned on อ particular incident. The paign to break down the colour bar goes on all the time.
can-
It is effective, too, For some hotels, which in the past wero rigorous colour-bar operators, have quietly but drastically changed their tune,"
Strong pockets of resistance, nevertheless, continue to cling to their whites-only policy. The excuse they make like the hotel mentioned In Parlia- mentis that they are bowing
to the wishes of regular clients.
The final solution, therefore, lies as the Minister of Food suggested in the Commons with public opinion. Only when the public who keep hotels in business make it plain that raco discrimination odious to them will the walls of the last remaining colour- her strongholds crumble,
ENUS DESK
The Loure
LANIEL MEDECIN
for:
PRESIDENT
NAECELEN
SIDENT
DENT IDAUL PRESIDE
'Ah, messieurs, it would have been so much simpler if you'd been asked to vote for HER instead of THEM.”
London Express Servico
Chapter 37 of Sir Winston Churchill's "Triumph And Tragedy"
THE
ATOMIC
JAPAN'S
The
AND
BOMB
COLLAPSE
the
In the same way I thought we accept the ultimatum, provided On July 17, 1945, during
of European after one of our meetings that array
be we have an entirely novel form should abstain from saying any this.
did not prejudice the could therefore the Potsdam Con- problems ference, the
Frime faced on their merits and accord- of bomb, something quite out of thing which would make us com prerogative of the Emperor as
we think at all reluctant to go on with a sovereign ruler. ing to the broad principles of the ordinary, which
The Alled Governments, in- Minister was shown by the United Nations. We scented will have decisive effects upon the war against Japan, for as States United
cluding become the Japanese will to continue the thought at." have
France, the U.S. War Secretary, suddenly to
replied that the However, I dwell Emperor would
be subject to the Mr Stimson, a message possessed of a merciful abridg war." agreed to this procedure.
The following is a note which upon the tremendous cost in
Command Supreme
of the Allied "Bables ment of the slaughter in the East
that he should authorise and of far happler prospect in I made for the Cabinet at the American and to a smaller ex- Powers, born" Europe, I have no doubt that time:
tent in British life if we enforced and ensure the signature of the This meant that the these thoughts
"unconditional 18 July, 45.4 were present in
surrender" upon surrender, and that the armed minds of
The President
forces of the Allies would re- my American
showed me the Japanese. 'atomic bomb trial in the
there At any rate, friends. the Mexican desert had never was a moment's discussion
main in Japan until the purposes telegrams about the recent ex- periment; and asked what I
set forth at Potsdam had bem succeeded The next
achtoved. These terms were as to whether the atomic bomb thought should be done, about day the Prime Minister should be used or not,
To
which read satisfactorily
avert a vast, indefinate
HE President invited world, to lay healing
an end, to give peace to the hands me to confer with upon its tortured peoples by
at overwhelming him forthwith. He manifestation had with him Gen. power at the cost of a few ex-
plosions, seemed, after al Admiral tolls and perils, and
a miracle of
was given a full report. butchery, to bring the war to
T
Marshall
our
devo-he historic fact remains, and
telling
the Russians. Не IT was for him to consider accepted on Aug. 14, and Mr./
the news at whether this might not be ex- Attice broadcast the timing, pressed in some other way, so midnight.
The Allied fects entered and said he thought that the that we got all the essentials 10 Tokyo Bay, and on the morning
bul
Why did you not tell us this Harby. honous,
weapon.
Ho
seemed
im
the
wap
his Burma campaign
ing to liberata Malaya, and
seemed determined to do this,
asked about end of the Conference would future peace, and
security and be best
some yet left them
show of of Sept. 2 the formal instrument aimed on of surrender 1 roptied that if he were saving their military honour
and resolved to tell it might well some assurance of their national board the United States battle- be bolter to
the l hang it un existence, after they had com- ship Missouri. Russia had de
new
with experiment, which was
safeguards elared war on Aug. 8, only fact on which he and we had necessary for the conqueror. The week before the enemy's He could have explained, Lenhy. Up to this moment deliverance.
only
None the Josa" she had knowledge. President repiled bluntly that he collapse. Just perhaps, that overy time an we had shaped our ideaa to-
full rights ce a would have a did not think the Japanese had claimed her instance of colour discrimination wards an assault upon the
Therefore he good answer to any question. any DRITISH consent in principle to
after Pearl belligerent. accommodation homeland of Japan by terri- B the use of the weapon, had!
We could, brook no delay, in enforcing before?"
the: concerned is fic air bombing and by the been given on July 4, before the
capitulation. I contented myself with say enforc Hongkong, and the invasion of very large test had taken place. The final
pressed with this idea, and will ing that at any rate they had Malaya, decision now
consider it. lay In the main armies.
something for which they were greater part of the Dutch East of His Majesty's ready to face certain death in hands, and elsewhere there were indies still remained in enemy On behalf We had contemplated the the weapon; but I never doubted with President Truman, who had
Government I did not resist his very large numbers, and this
isolated forces desperate resistance of the what it would be, nor have I
who might more ⚫ proposed disclosure of
might not be so important to us
command and fight Japanese fighting to the ever doubted since that he was simple fact that we have this as it was to them. He then be the Emperor's
He reiterated his came
and oti. The occupation of these quite sympathetic, Wooden Sword? death with Samurai
thua vast territories was resolve at all costs to reture spoke, as had Mr Stimson, of the matter of urgency. tion, not only in pitch
to divulge any particulars .... terrible responsibilities that
-rested upon. him un-- Like the Food Minister, the battles, but in every cave must be judged in the after- time, that the decision whether
limited effusion for the team Mountbatten had been prepar Colonial Office can take no legal and dug-out. I had in my or not to use the atomic bomb to
blood. action. But it can express-its | mind the spectacle of compel the surrender of Japan formal disapproval and protest Okinawa island, where many was nover even an issue. There attack on Japan had con- aurronder," apart from what This took place on Sept. 9. Other
MEANWHILE the devastating insistence
felt there would be no rigid innding was in train for a
upon "unconditional
near Fort Swettenham. thousands of Japanese, imanimous, automatic,
questionco
around tinued from the air and the sea. was necessary
sace ports were occupied carly in for world peace Maybe that Bounds Uko rather than surrender, had our table; nor did I ever hear Among tho principal targets waving a wooden sword. It is drawn up in line and des- the slightest
and future security and for the deptember, without fighting and remnants were the
of
the
punishment of a guilty and on Sept. 12 Mountbatten held a troyed themselves by hand should dot suggestion
Japanese Fleet, now dispersed treacherous deed. Mr Stimson, surrender ceremony at Singapore. It appeared that the American for sheller grenades after their leaders
in the inland ven.
officer, Admiral Air Force had lot of custom for the better had solemnly performed the mense assault by ordinary air picked out, and by the end of hearts, and we had no need to Aug 30, and accepted the formal
prepared an Im- One by one the big ships were Gen. Marshall, and the President
were evidently searching their Harcourt, reached Hongkong on hotels in central London, Most rite of hara-kiri.
bombing on Japanese eltics Limes colonial delegations arriva To quell the Japanese re- harbours. These could certainly July the Japanese Navy had press them. Wo knew of course surrender of the island on Sept
virtually ceased to exist. that the Japanese were ready to 10. in Britain-and
recent
and have been destroyed in a few months the traffic in this direcĮsistance man by man
The homeland was In choos give up all conquests made in tien has been heavy-the ac- conquer the country yard by weeks or a few months, and
Eventually it was decided to THERE were some in America commodation, booking is left to yard might well require the could say with what very and on the verge of collapse, the war.
heavy loss of life to the civilian The professional diplomats were end an ultimatum calling for an loss of one million Ameri- population. But now, by using convinced that only immediate
unconditional downfall
who believed that Japan's
could the authority Immediate
have boon. So it is easy to see that if any can lives and half that num- this new agency, we might not surrender, under hotel eams the disapproval of ber of British-or more if merely destroy cities, but save
achieved more economically by a This document Japan. the Ministry It stands to load we could get them
greater: use of air power, from published on July 29.
bases In China much valuable custom; especially
and possibly as many Colonial Office gutsfor
Siberia They maintained that horsea communication could have been severed and and destroyed just es,
against the discrimination."
not..
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was
agreement
that wo
I
was
but disintegration. complete there; the lives alike of friend and foe, frothe Emperor could save Japan render of the armed forces of
were resolved to share the agony. Now all
The
power still lay almost entirely in the hands of a military clique: determined to commit the
A British
her homo as, effectively
setia alono without
miracle which would turn the one atomic bomb on Hirog® Capendanai Advanced waiponation?
people whose courage I had ance the beginning of May that as his party always admired, might find In our opinion they were not
give every chance to
power
mainininèd - that
this nightmare picture had A MORE Intricate question was nation to mara suicide, rather
.what to tell' Stalin. vanished. In its place was President and I no longer felt than accept defeat. The pppal THESE forms were rejected by power of resistance in the
Unst destruction confronting the vision-fair, and bright that we needed his aid to con-
them made no impressions on this the military rulers of Japan,
by indeed it seemed-of the quer Japan. His word had been. fanatical' hierarchy," who con- and the United States Air Fo long and costly approach by: kon end of the whole war in one Soviet Russia
given at Teheran and Yalta that fund to profers belief in some made its plan accordingly to cast
would attack or two violent shocks.
Japan as soon as the German
and one on Negarakl Army was defeated, and in ful scale in their favour.
agreed to Alment of this à continuous In several langthy talks with the inhabitants. The procedure polifical objectives elsewhere In movement of Russian troops to the President alone, or with his was developed ing detall. In Burina, Malaya, and the East- I thought immediately the Far East had been in pro- advisors patient, I discussed order. id minimise the loss of Indies might have been myself of how the Japanese eres over the Siberian Railway, what to do. Earlier in the wook le 11 Japanese cities were renounced for this time being
Stalin had told me privately warned by leaflets Dh July 27 that and
· been "achieved that and could have was leaving they would be subjected to in without fighting once the mis
tensive air an, unaddressed him
Next battle had been won in
The to
day six
had them were attacked. American Chiefs of presionably July 31, and four were bombed it would be mistake to their; honour and release foregone. Still, he had been a meant for either himself or on Aug. 1. The last warning was pose that the fate of Jaban was
in the war: President : Kalinin “Moe them from their obligation, magnificent ally
"other given, on Aug 8. By then the rattled by the atomic bomb. Her of being killed to the last titler, and we both felt members of the Soviet: Govern Superfortresses claimed to have defeat was certain (bators: the
that he must be Informed of
of the ment, and was from the Japanese dropped bigmilfbeaflets first bomb fellend fighting man.
great New: not which now down and Moreover wo should not need minated the scorio, but not of llistated that Jepan could not coples of the ultimatum" 7 The dowDEZE the Buriana The of the any furticifers Sale
he's first atomia, bohó tína, hot, cast, possible to prize? öcean -
om: whích tó)Jaú Japanese panded upon the
terna, The "closing, meenes of the attack and their
#took place.
[in the apparition, oz.ithis al. likely to be needed, and Stalin's Moscow fabanese, Amu- Twelve more 'ware Warned:on", rejected these ideas,,
bargaining power which he the on
most supernaturali,aweapon tised with mucís • eftret. · upon the an excuse which would save Americans at Yaltu, was there-
for, the
de. How should this news be inf» render," but, might be
to him. Should it; Sto dom
· !
day, and "thrie, 4 fimilióny
OPIN
Fin