FIRST
THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 1958.
100 YEARS Criticism And
OF PHOTOGRAPHY Slander In The
The camera was still a daring modern invention in 1853 when a group of men met on January 20 of that. year in a house in John Adam Street, London, to found the world's first photographic club, later to achieve fame as the Royal Photographie Society of Great Britain, which, for the next 100 years, waged and won its struggle for the recognition of photography as a serious branch of both art and science and became the "father" of 650 photographic clubs In Great Britain and many more
abroad.
of the ciforts of likenesses "look" inake amusing
oldlers to have
reading.
It was Fenton who initiated
the scheme for a Photographic Society, from a club of phone
London Photographers in inet ut each other's housca
Only a few years previous is account to this meeting Daguerre the British had startled Paris with the "daguerreotype" process named after him, while in England W. H. Fox-Talbot had produced the first negative a shot of Lacock Abbey in Wiltshire. These pioneers had to face many difficulties, for
exposures took as much as an hour in
some cases, cameras were
large and cumbersome, and there was no known method of reproducing the sky. The Frenchman's process, too,
with
Fox
Talbot's
to
by
who
Soviet Union
By ELIZABETH HUNKIN
taken against subordinates who dared to criticise, Charges have been trumped up against thom and they have lost their jobs or even been arrested.
NE of the primary tasks O
of Soviet Party or- ganisations at the present time la to transform the principle of criticism and self-criticism from alogan By such into living fact, means it is hoped to keep all departments of Soviet life free from malpractices and inefficiency. But it is a very ambitious hope, for the kind of criticism en- dismissed,
the Soviet couraged in Union brings new problems in ita wake.
compare renuits and exchange ideas and prints following ex- periments under patent licence patented paper process.
In the first place it can be GREAT EXHIBITION
used too easily to exploit-por-
of photography at
The 1851 International display sonai antagonisms, and it easily the Great degenerates into matlelous slan- Exhibition and the Introductiender. In fact, stander is a wide- spread evil in the Soviet Union. of the collection process
No Less Frederick Scott Archer,
person than Shkiryulov, Chalimen produced a positive, not failed to patent his invention, so
of the of Central Control Commision negative, so that copies could swelled the ranks et amateur not be made,
photographers that Fenton felt the Soviet Communist Party, revealed this in his speech at the the fine was ripe for the foma-
10th Congress in October, 1952. #photographic society. on of Fenton and Ave others began the
He deplored the existence of preliminary formation work, and
People who, "under the guise of only Talbot's patent was stand-criticism, think up false accura- g in the way of thei: schemes, lons, write about non-existent faels and lavent all kinds of Finally the latter was prevailed upon to relax his patent right, nonsense, absurd rumours and unfounded Reclis- completely streserving. however, licensing of professional por- Traiture,
Co the
The Society spent two years persuading Fox-Talbot to relax for amateurs his patent of uit
only know of producing negatives so that members could make their own photographs, Soon afterwards they were alded by the invention of the Collodion
wet-plate
and. In process, 1880, of the dry-plate on wh
which modern photography depends.
During ils recent centenary celebrations historians of
Photographic Society Reyni were able to point to broken rocord which mak existing photogr oldest society in the world, with
or
the
the
חן ע
vities dating from when primitive photographs were being taken of thes cturing the Crimean War.
the
Access Arts of In
Encouraged by the under the Society of the first public exhibition Britain solely devoted new
to
the
Aguinat all these abuses the Party must now contend with new vigour. The new clause in the Party statuto has not automatically eliminated them. Already Pravda has reported on post-Congress Party gatherings no headway and well-dounded accusations have been brusquely
at which
crilicion has, made
{POCKET CARTOON
by OSDERT LANCASTER
CHU
CHIN
CHOW
ON ICE!
**& gather they're opening Il-Formoja ""with" "heavy" American backing and all the original cast !"
R for fitness
without exercise
R.M. MacColl's COLUMN...WHERE VIEWS ARE NEWS
... beginning with a quick one
WHAT is this strange business of "* fashionable' pubs"? As the late Gertrude Stein, once laughingly remarked: “A pub, is a pub, is a pub." A fashionable pub is a contradiction in terms. I shall never wittingly enter one in future as the main thing about them is that it is more difficult to get at the bar than in a non-fashionable one.
SEE that another body has been form- ed to "prevent the growth of misunder- standing tween Britain.. and America."
This одо bears the por tentous title of the Unit for Education In
be
The G.I.s
and us-
they're in the 'goldfish bowl'
the United Kingdom in Current Com- monwealth- American Affairs. It is to be headed, rather oddly, by the former deputy-secretary for mili
CAN give my recipe A DOCTOR GIVES FOUR tary affairs in the Cabinet,
for fitness without Lexercise in: one word:
RELAX.
for
SUBSTITUTES FOR P.T.
Begin to play early on in life: take part in wenething besides. your job.
Then you can drop all tions...people who from private exercise, except maybe for molives of self-interest try maliciously to defame and slan-a daily walk or the purpose der honest folle."
ful bodily movements n880- clated
with your hobby, sedentary jobs for the rest of to the
the year. Moreover, the details of such such as gardening.
Just forget all about activity human body is so 800 slander cases ore to be found in art and atiroeling
But the
that you
take which you are on holiday-und it photographs In December, 1852, the Soviet press. Authorities are constituted
It-in will be the best holiday you Fenton staged a public meeting attacked which do not take finn something away from
case, regular exercise have ever had. the time augurate the photographic measures against alander and this
January 20, 1853, at the waste of time and manpower on
A HOBBY. in return. which he was elected honorary it involves; for the system of you must give something buck My last substitute for exercise: e
after declining secretary
"criticism," and its perversion,
So here are some substitutes post of president.
leads to a new form of red tape, which, when combined, will do Every petty case of slander, it Four month later Queen appears, sets in motion cumber-violent_exercise.
away with the desiro Victoria and Prince Albert" gave some bureaucratie machinery. it Royal patronage. Membership
Shkiryalov, for example, told Stand 'tall' stood at 465 in 1894, when theme no fewer than 40 officials
To Society became by
Royal had been employed to check on FIRST FORTURE.
great degree, your health Manchester Charter the Royal Photographie the 120 denunciations, emanat vitality depend on how you publisher, Thomas Agnew, and Society of Great Britain. substantiated, of a Parly mem-
ber named Baranov. The news stars, walks, and alt,
If you sight and walk pro paper Pravda Ukrainy m May: 1952, reported that the mana-perly you are, in fact, exercising guess of a canteen In Kherson yourself for about 15 to 18 hours had brought unsubstantiated a day, so you don't need any
more exertion. charges against 200 people, in- volving investigation by 32 commissions. In Kazakhstan * woman doctor, by her denuncla- tions,
wasted the time of 13 commissions made up of about 30 people.
These pictures brought tame to Barrister Roger Fenton, who may be said to have been the first war photographer. He was commissioned to take the pic- tures for the
COLGATE
DENTAL CREAM
STOPS BAD BREATH AND TOOTH DECAY BEST!
COLGATE
DENTAL CREAM
INSTANTLY STOPS
The unhapplest people are those who have spent their and middlo lives just
early
I am sure
pretty nearly the same sort of congratulate him on his recent stresses, and baronetcy he said it was the temptations, strains as they find over here first he had heard about "it. If they were posted to a base in Used there not to be a rule that different State back in all intended recipients America
honours, were diven ample notice, so that they could refuse
Inquiries show this to be the form: all civilians who are due to get an honour or decoratlán, above the British Empire Medal are told about it,
that in its well-
The general is fully alive to intentioned, amlable way this the fact that American pay if they so wished? (2 organisation will not harm rates are very high compared Anglo-American relations any with ours. But his men
are more than did the recent Landon enjoinct to "Jean over back dinner of the Pilgrims, at which wards” not to let their opulence the white ties, the talls, and the seem too evident. And someone old reliable platitudes were all had the good idea of leaving it trotted out once again.
optional for U.S. officers and are Anglo- men to wear uniform or mufti But just American affairs progressing in when they go week-end one of their most sensitive and leave. important
The whole problem was put fielde-the practical,
one of the gen- day-to-day relationship between strikingly by
and the
staff many cral's
officers. **You thousands of young Arnerican know," he told me, "wo Ameri- ourselves airmen stationed among 187
how
NO ILLUSION.
70, get the answer I went out
on
We aro, living la ́a goldfish that everything they do can be
a raking money ond WoT the H.Q. of the U.S. 3rd
developed to parallel side Air Force, at Ruislip, for a dis- cans here in England feel ash they are asked to slow up. cussion of the matter, sets bowl The fist outs remember invertably they bay can i C. In-C. Major-General Francis
Griswold, just now. My work is my happl ress, Later on, when I'm older, I will, but not now."
The later on," never comes,
.
I found 49-year-old General watched and commented on."
a complete
level-eyed, HE NEVER KNEW
of course I relaxed 2 Slender,
I
Before you begin to improve
Such are my substitutes for your posture, you must belleve
not exercise. They will work, that (so long as you are
know, edu
for I have tried them physically deformed) you improve it.
myself. Io BTANDING,
icot your should be paralisi, weight on the outer edges and never on the sales or heels.
The nature of some of the charges taken so seriously by these numerous commissions shows the atmosphere of distrust Draw your abdomen in and and fear that süll exists in the
push your chest out;
Soviet Union. Too easily, the P
sinnd tall" "-remembering that
shortcomings, real or imaginary; most of us can lose from half to of the accused are represented DA deliberate sabotage.
0
of
one inch by standing in slovenly way.
To see if your standing" pos- ture is right, stand with your back against wall.
"
he is under no illusion about the potential clfculties of the situation. Bbt he can- siders that, human nature being. what it is, things so far have gone along encouragingly well.
"Most of my men are around
*** FROM "How to Keep Fit Without Exercise;" by Peter J. Steinerohn, MD. World's Work, 9. ace
od.
This gives them plenty of time to say No. But members of the armed 'Bervices are not given this option.
But isn't Harris retired, and so, technically, a civiliant. Not 30. As a Marshal of, the RAN he remains on: the active list...
Even for civilians the rule wavern sometimes, Man I know in the USA was rung up by a Washington official just two days before the Honours Lark was due to be announced some years.
back. "I say, old boy," said the Washington character, you' getting an 0.3.E. the day after tomorrow, I suppose you want it, and all that sort of thing
WE CAN BOO!
VER from America's Gris-
wold to Britain's Marshal DRITONS may have lost their of the Royal Air Force Sir: D former gusto in some direc Arthur ("Bomber') Harris, Hems, but one thing they can
20 years old," he says. "They I kept wondering why it was away from home for the that when someone telephoned first time. You would got Harris in Western Canada to
WHEN THE QUEEN WAS 11
AND I WAS
*
by LORD MONTAGU OF BEAULIEU
JUST 10
But most, I think, will take the
West Underground to minster, with thele roles in a
and
ill do with the world's best, is
boo.
I was allting in a ringuido seat the other night at the Albert Hall when the highly, unpopular decision in the lightweight championship eliminating bout was given.
I thought the roof was coming off, A French crowd would have started throwing things too, but 03 far as shoer volume of decibels was concerned we' Bris fish that night were second to none:
I was also diverted to observoi small bundle or attache case, the rugged independence with walk through the tunnel which the "Betting. Strictly that comes out in the House of Prohibited" notices on the walls were ignored. 'A swirl of betting of the other
Lords.
How many
these men
For example, according to Izvestia of July 1, 1952, a bee-
If you are standing correctly, keeper in Grozny, who was activo in Introducing innova you will find it hard to squeeze tions and in criticising those your hand between the small of who
In their path,
was your back and the wall. Who stood
number Q BAD BREATH IN 7 Docused
It is a good idea to stand Ike "crimes" by the director of the this for 30 seconds every day. central
Stretch your feet beekeeping omce for the OUT OF 10 CASES
It was eald that he de- ores.
AS NEXT SITTING. Sit erect- liberately made false wax, had sit "tall" and not slumped
WAS the youngest ermine had frayed completely, belonging to THAT ORIGINATE stolen sugar
collective
form, and had
peer to be present in it fell to pieces in my hand in down in your chair. Sk well in
my own right at the when I touched 3 court robe. travellers in the tube that day. collective farm aplaries down into the chair, weight on fected IN. THE MOUTH.
telephoned the with discare. Not until investi- your thighs. And don't cross Inst Coronation. To be ask-, makers who do renovation jobs, wall dream that all
curl them under gation
commissions had spent your legs or
chair: this rokers the ed, one had to be ten by and they told me that the re- with little cases in their hands much time, in examining these the
November 1, 1986. I was conditioning would cost 237 are in dnet peers of the realm Stretch your feet out in front ten on October 20, and so I guineas with real ermine, or, 60 and belted caris?
guineas with mock ermice.
WHAT HAPPENS In another case, a woman of you on the floor.
was just eligible.
for the mock ennine. As you
Bottled
IF IT RAINS Lastly, WALKING." insisted that one of her col-
Apart
from
Princess I am lucky in having Corona- WITHIN the next few weeks (who had dared to walk, swing your legs from the leagues
not tion Was
robes
to use. ready criticise her) was the daughter
W the Court Invitations As the weight of your Margaret, who
Now ones cost 1,000 guineas, and "kulnk"
had been engaged body comes down on your leg, quite seven, and apart from not evertone will be able to writs, as they are called should sabotage,
be reaching, the peers who are straighten it but don't stiffen one or two pages, I was the hire thers. and was "an
fortunate enough to be asked, foot comes youngest person there the your other
Those
'come workery Although her fellow
by post, and, remember rightly, are so made were disgusted by these cisarges, forward and the first goes back, present Queen was eleven.
that they can be ezt in hilf they could not be dropped until push it "mu the ground"-to
commission ht
examined give you that springy feeling.
My next substitute for exer- ciaols SLEEP.
Yes, the best way is the Colgate Way! In fact, the Colgate Way of brushing tooth right after eating stopped more decay for more people than ever reported in dentifrice history! To help stops. bad breath and tooth decay, at the same
lime use Colgate regularly
COLGATE
RIBBON DENTAL CREAM
charges were they dismissed as spine. absurd.
:
of a in
enemy of the Soviet people." i As
a
therm
are
Most hourge
NO OTHER TOOTHPASTE OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER OFFERS SUCH CONCLUSIVE PROOF! of course, the only problem night. Lack of
CDC-52-9-KA
FLOOD
BRITISH
DISASTER FUND
PLEASE ADDRESS DONATIONS TO SECRETARY, S. C. M.. POST, LTD.
chaques should be crossed "BRITISH FLOOD DIGASTER FUND"
Donations.telll be remifted to the Lord Mayor of London's Pistress Fund
Few oficiation towards 11.
If you find that sleep is hard
So, remembering my own pleasure and awe in taking part in such a moving and memor- able ceremony, I learned with
Take a holiday.
the
MY third substitute for exer-
Nothing tires the bruin so
lelang take, kindly to ciso is: A HOLIDAY.
and many
་
In
On the last Coronation
I
"FIRST-TIMERS' PROBLEM
I
It
AM especially sofry for Dews the toll fee. We aller
holding titles created since your mantelpiece, the
It starts
to rain, or
was going on all round me during nearly every bout t Perhaps the notices are meant. for the nights when they have concerta?
IT'S ODDE
SURELY, the mechanical age has reached the depths when, in Grosvenor Square, we find car notices reading “Care- ful, Left-Harid Dribed No Signéla "No, signals? There seems to be an echo hero of the classle story which ends "Look, daddy-no handar
SO THANKS
mihitore pranony GROUSE and a hoseger with which to dnd THE GHOUSE; Why In ERR-
A
land are people, co lackadaisical
about answering the telephone?.
the better great regret that the Earl Mars the last Cororation for they will half with the peer's name an
Another problem
have The danger of slander is not, dor ciglit
sleep overy shal had banned minor peers have no robes in the family, to be carried in the pocket.
And poers cannot put these
tem" peers sleep is the from this year's ceremony
to face is the weather,
for a expenses rgainst their income connected
few drops of rain can ruin with Soviet "criti-
The Abbey. equivalent of over-exercise. cism." The effectiveness of the
tax and get relief that way.
Poers had to apply by De- mine. (even mock ormine!). system, both as a substitute for to come don't worry about it stood in a long line of pours, cember 18 to the Earl Marshal's So we will be prepared with genuine democracy and as Tell yourself that it is not wearing a black velvet suft, offices for sente, So far we have cuses in which we can pop out
of moana
increasing efficiency, necessary; that you are resting copy of an adult's Court dress, not heard whether wo
fiave robes it bas hitherto beesi
Im- grootly and then sleep will come.
We
to be at the Abbey, been lucky enough to have got mainte had to
or capes to put the natural attitudo palrod by
over ceven or eight in these scots. of the
ABBEY CHAIRS For those pours who are not The House of Lords". Inid on
**GIVEN US Says have
a buffet at about half past two, lucky in the ballot, the expense been four to
robes reconditioned the Abbey have the right to Ignore it. This was a prominent much as routine wort, and the but my mother had sent me pre- their old gone to in having USUALLY peers Invited to with a packet of sand will be quite wasted-uniese keep the chairs they sat on an exhausted wiches, rellet for thome in the Soviet press and bes! not least in the satirical fourani brain is 裁 properly planned I did not know how to carry they can lend the robes to other during the ceremony.
who are going... I even We have, severai at, homa
It sometimes peers as thoug Krokodil long before the 19th holiday.
these
at first, for I could not know of some peers who half from previous Coronations. people in London-have-never Congress. Many Party, and local Generally speaking, a good government, organs pay astanta holiday is one be. Which you carry them in a paper bag, but
as they cannot afford to buy the covered ja royal bile vel
velves, in of the telephone as polí I should take them along in a robes,
on at Beaulieu." my bedroom of criticism in general, yet ald umisint surroundings,
Hey, who volvet bag. This is the remedy for fatigue ult
that matched my
stitution, and they chorleti now: Peers. often want to know
the few. People
sscaking hope that if they quietly ignore it in practice.
what we wear underneath these have no chance of seeing a more it suficiently it will go How mechanical the slogan and boredom...
FREE MY ROBES WERE
procession. The best has become
robes. For my part, I will either Coronation proces
away again, a are in at the doctor, who takes
the we can hope for we by a
THE NOSEGAY: How 10th Congress Kafelsenko, to every spring and books 5 Pom MY first reaction in thinking reserve of the Grenadiers (If I the Abbey, long before the re
about the new Coronation can borrow, sone, for I have cession starts is a view of pleasant to find performance allered that at meetings of in a city botol and stay in
government that room all the time, cometh was, of course, to think about grown out Party and local
or on "V | far better than promilée, fnaferici my own Blues) things. organisations, there had not been any with him: ona, pale forms the Cormation robos: ́I would' -or I may wear full ovening
at which, in fact, Ho takes 14 poke of py)
after June, back
back Into Govenor way round, a lounging have to wear. at all, secretaries would
In during the day, one for I went up to
the And SHGT a work of this || Daavillgu, and -three-in a black' other worries (pil'of us, "How and cotonet. Back again, up wont to go a document, thoi
One problem more than any the black tin trunk go my robes critician of the Committee
the attic,
after their one day Was correct of the necessary columation ho comes back to his in tunic, were the robes at to set to the Abbal, inosaurce will be taken by the buy practice
and able had been made for a forebear of Mary, boere do not have glory of pareantry and splene polite official explained that Committee; dhe drilleken has for more work. jun
new reign and might take "two or thres Folped us and two aball draw
Imid that would be all drive oursivos. Some will their next great day of trying to be physically William IV in 1881 conclusions from 1.
At the same time, crvini re wotive on that two weeks boll The fabric of the robes was hite a car or have friends drive Will they sit be wearable-at- XS was pr my bronktást primis have *^ sometimes been" day?
tavo still in good condition, but the them to the door, thes drive off, the Coronation of Charine HIIT
Hous lip service to the benefits take part in new activities/ eventually it was arranged that po. they will not be asked, have the chair I used, last time, grown' accustomed ~ to the idea.
AMAT WAY, Vell ilustrated know one man,, 'n bury HANSEN THE ATTIC".
weeke off
at
ver
are among
.on a
palety risks, Bomermót Hours, where IT
"Other poúplé make e mbi Aung, Gerd- Montagu of' Boush-“chaufferies, and there wld be no dour, and aroun” another] "I"wanted): 11 porbed :, £65" "100"
fon, for the Coro Ad un prenta for-paricing" cors-generation '
*síext morning,