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"Who gave me a lot of stuff about was his only love-I was in his thoughts every minute of the day?"
Beverley Baxter writes again fromE
Londom
A MULTIMILLIONAIRE
F
AND A DUKE
ever!!
.affluent
Vic-port the cause of Bonnie Prince Charlle, (which is still regarded in Scotland as a serious blot on And history,
and they will not be so rich. Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow-as Shakespeare pro-
memory lasts that quote Carnegie himself. unmysterious long you may recall "Nothing atones a boy for terlanism. that I last wrote from not being poor," he declared yet I have no
doubt that the
phetically remarked, their escutcheon). Dornoch which is the over and over again. He Andrew Carnegie walked about unlike passion, has yet to decide county town of Sutherland- even wrote a remarkable his vast estate and said: "All whether the Sutherland Fow things are wholly bad shire in Scotland. Now I book called "The Gospel of this is mine for ever and for evictions" of small tenants to or wholly good, and there is And when the great the coast and the valleys near the this, to be said" for the mulli- am back in London, which Wealth" in which he used ures of the Victorian and 307 was wise or merely cruelly millonaires of the late 19th and is a county in itself, but it these words: “It is because Edwardian eras came to visit selfish. However, as it happened early 20th centuries. Their
I know how sweet and happy him he must have told himself more than a century ago wo can fortunes gave them the power
a long hardly blame George Granville risk on now developments and and pure the home of honesh that he had travelled
joys of Sutherland, the present Duke.
their bequests enriched poverty is, how free from way from the simple
educational, scientific. poverty. perplexing care, from social envies and emulations, that: I sympathise with the rich man's son and congratulate the poor man's son." When he wrote these was fabulously rich and, as
is hard to throw off the im- pressions and the memories of that visit to the High- lands.
до
HIS GRACE
to
the
Greatest Five Percenter
From Honry Lowrie
Washington.
ALOUSTE Sarkis Gul
CALO
benkian, fabulous 88- year-old multi-millionaire, cannot, dodge the publicity he hates in the American government's oil report.
He flits through the pages, the greatest five-per- center of them all, wielding his powerful influence. On deals involving fortunes and defying pressure by the mighty oil combines and governments alike."
We first meet him at the end of the last century when, says the report, ha made a atudy of Mesopo- tamia's oll possibilities which
80 interested the Turkish Sultan Abdul Hamid that he transferred immense tracts of the land from, the government to his own private accounts.
Не crops up again, in 1919, when
the National Bank of Turkey was founded, to support British enterprise following the Young Turk revolution-as member of the bank's 'executivo commilice but without explant- tion of how that happened.
They Quarrelled
THE next year he had a 10 per-
THE
cent holding of the firm that was to become Turkish Petroleum and then Iraq Petroleum, and when it was réorganised in 1913, after the Royal Navy converted from coal to oil, he was allotted five percent.
After that he was a stock. holder in Venezuelan Oil Con- cessions, subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell, and an intimate of Sir Henri Deterding, head of the parent arm.
But he quarrelled with Deterding and accused the Royal Dutch Shell of trying to defraud him
After the first world war, when Americans drelded to ond
move in the Middle East oilfields, there were years of negotiations.
HERO WORSHIP
It is a paradoxical quality of cultural life of the community. the Scot that although he is a Government expenditure, which However, I do not propose
sturdy individualist at heart he is the dream of Socialism, must to drench you in scenery or
loves pomp and ceremony. The always be turgid, unimaginative shepherd on the hills points with and commonplace. even describe Loch Ness
OR the moment we shall leave which is strangely like the
words he him at Skibo and turn to the Pride to a white lodge near the Duke.. In fact the entire Rhine except that there is
second character in our Scottish stream and says it belongs to the tale. Allow me to introduce you countryside little traffic upon it. we have noted, was spending to His Grace the Duke of Suther and
is pleased when he his pretty Duchess go into Instead I want to describe vast millions to ensure that land who was born rich and of residence. Incidentally, the TODAY Skibo Castle stands re- what might be called "The boys would be educated so high degree, and no doubt feels Queen Mother has now purchased mole in its vast grounds, and Drama of Two Neighbour- that they would earn better that nothing compensates a boy a castle in the same district Carnegie's descendants come ing Castles" because the money and never be able to for being born any other way. which will give the Sutherland during the summer to live in the shadow of his memory. But tale has a bearing upon the allow their children the The Duke, however, goes one aliire folk silil more pleasure.
Pittsburg to his monument, not changing world in which sweetness of poverty.--
better than Andrew Carnegie. --Yet, if I may repeat the argu- the Scottish place where the He not only owns Dunrobin ment with which I started, both monks performed their orisons in we live,
Castle and a few other residences Andrew Carnegie, and the Duke- the misty far off days when the and lodges in Scotland but has dom of Sutherland are institu- world was just beginning to open the magnificent Sutton Place in Bions from a past age. I cannot iis eyes.
AN ASSET
д
Let me warn my left wing readers that this drama in-
Southern England. There is no
such volves the story of two men
wealth
ធ Strangely enough the dukes N intelligent but unedu- question about it, the dukes did see any man in the future 'ever
themselves well in the good old acquiring -the first a multimillionaire
cated mind is of course days, even as Andrew Carnegie Carnegie's. Nor is it likely that, are outlasting the multimillion-
outside
circles, there alres but life is not easy for peers of Royal and the second a duke. It
be another duke with great estates, The Earl of may, however, soothe the a tremendous asset to any did himself well when he took wis de of
fortune that created. Winston
Churchill Warwick opens his castle every critical breast to learn that young man. He reaches for the flood tide of
followed the exhaustion of the could be the one exception if he week-end to the publie for the education and sacrifices for American Civil War. the multimillionaire who
so desired, but cannot see that entrance price of, half, a crown. Immortal adding the troppings So do many others. The Duke bought Skibo Castle has it, because he feels, the
need. His rival has had I have never wanted to live in of a title to his great name.
of Sutherland opened his gar- been dead for some years, education crammed down a castle but it such had to be my
dens at the same charge but only two Scots turned up. and that the Duke (because he has no children) is the the throat from five years of fate I would choose Dunrobin
THEIR RISE even before the beautiful castles last direct duke of the line. age to nineteen or twenty, built by the man King Ludwig of wonder- The argument that I intend and very often puts little Bavaria. The parks are to present is that Andrew value on it. In a perfect fully kept and the gardens slope WHEN Camegle
splendour to the Sen. society human being in gentle Carnegie and the Duke of would never take an arts When you arrive for dinner it is. Income tax. In fact that impost places over as museums and live
Sutherland represent a world of the past which is being steadily liquidated by changing standards and the tyranny of taxation.
DID WELL
巍
course at a university until he or she is in the forties,
this that
Finally, in 1924, when Ameri- cans were ready to sign the agreement, they found that "Gulbenkian was an obstacle,"
The Americans wanted the Turkish Petroleum Company to be a non-profit making com- pany for several reasons, one of which was to avold payment of taxes
to the American and British governments.". Gulben- kian wanted the Turkish Petro- Jeum Company to be operated for maximum profits,
"The American and British groups attempted to have their governments bring diplomatic pressure upon Gulbenkian bút to no avail."
"Red Line”
THE impasse was solved when hey secretly agreed" with French Interesls to buy Gul- bonklan's crude oil and assure his profits. Many of the T.P.C. considered the "red line agreement (designed to
other Orms Yet the hereditary aristocratic.taring the prewar ·
Ottoman system in Great Britain has a
Empire which stretched from his long life before It, even if their Turkey to the Arablan Ponte have to hand their sula) a "millstone" around the
neeks, but not Gulbenkian.
mado money there was of coured no lordships
disconcerting to walk up on human happiness o little
is very in a wing of the castle or country a stairway
with lined
flerce much
modern invention. house. looking tigers in their skins. But. Carnegie saw in his
in his shrewdness after that everything is Here and pioneered the development and colour. Mankind demands that steel would replace tumber Mankind demands pageantry You can understand from all comfortable and livable.
my wife and I were again its origin was in the church. of the girantie industry which beauty and tradition. Markind interested to meet Carnegie's Part of the castle was eleventh made Pilisburg the sicet capital demands the right of hero and century monastery, then it was of the world. He foresaw the
the heroine worship, If it cannot daughter and her American bus broadened, and rebuilt in 1848. coming of the sleeping car and have a king or a duke it will band after church in Dornoch.
In 1021
of it was burned as a boy put money into that We also met Mr Gordon Thome with the result that it was wild idea which was to become worship a boxer, a film star or
the Edinburgh advocate reconstructed in such a manner.
down,
the commonplace of American all the trappings
a moaning singer. Even when of. tradition a young who married Carnegie's grand-
are torn away the people will pay died tragically as to keep its character but also name of daughter who man the
~to be livable in the truly Andrew Carnegic
from pollo in her early thirties modern sense. There is even a Was
Where did he get the money? reverence to a dictator thrown three small blazened
the upon
age leaving him with
portuniam. musle room with a grand plano. He went to a bank and asked for up from the scum children. It was Mr Gordon in which we lived. This Thomson who invited us to Skibo in tune which is most unusual it "You can have it," said the
in the British aristocracy.
"You're alright Andy," Scottish boy who arrived in Castle. Pittsburg, U.S.A. with
Skibo was originally on PARADOXICAL nothing but his hands to
but became ancient monastery work with had done so well remodelled into a castion in the
WHEN I
was
GOT,
"..
trave.
of
LAST OF LINE
op-
manager. But those were the days when banks were not held down by centralised government restric tions, and far more 'initiative
the Individual Highlands pauses to look at.
WIK
vision
and
NO when the shephera in the
that in his declining years Middle Ages and was reasonably PUT the glory of it all is the left to
managem. The rum lent to Dunrobla Castle in the distance he gave away in benefac modernised in after years. But view from the terrace where Carnegie was not large but he he takes a pride in it, for la not tions some 850 million dol. not even a Carnegie can create a Sutherland walks every morning. had nothing to offer as collateral Dunrobin part of Sutherland-
real castle. It needs generations From a height you can gaze except his lars. Carnegie Libraries working consciously
his shire just as ate the fields, the or. un upon the North Sea, or look at character. Nevertheless the rise running: streams and the hills. were established in great consciously to a common plan or the shore where the Spanish of the industrial multimillionaires with their glaciers or
Armada was wrecked, or gaze at in the U.S.A. created a practical towards the end of the tiny numbers especially in at least a common psychology.
'Dornoch const some thirty as well as a sociological problem. America, Britain and
miles to the south. The whole Students of economy began to Yet there will be no more some would make a wonderful foresee the day when the assets Carnegies although men setting for a pageant of Tristan of America would be owned by a
make money. and there will
Canada. He created-pensions- TOO-LARGE for. "American University professors, endowed
re-
:
the
Kunlight
Hoy?
and Isolde with the tragic lovers dozen men. This little group be no new dukedoms. The search, built church organs, ONE feels that the multimillion
direct the destinlos of the nation the last of his line, aire Camogie called in the marriage to King Mark. established scholarships and,
will ring architects, Issued his orders,
and place the whole population down the curtain on ha own having succeeded without gave them a time limit and went Ona" need not apologise for in bondage to them.
Even the Dukedom Dynasty even though. any education, he did every back to America to garner some waxing enthusiastic about a thing government would be under his beautiful castle continues to thing possible to ace that more millions. The dining room, of beauty even if its origins may their sway,
look out on the restless. look
sea, and the newcomers will be able to others did not have that is too large and so is the library, seem anti-social in these days of
Admittedly Skibo Castle would creeping common-sense. The No doubt this fear hastened the gozo on the shore where the samo advantage as himself, have been a perfect place to record of the Dukes and Lanka day of tax, super-tax and death. Armada, tommurided by
entertain King Lear who always, of Butherland is by no means i duties. Today there are rich Spanish Duke - who had never 12 this scoms comewhat travelled with a hundred knights, an unsuilled page of virtue and men, come of them very richt, been to son before, came to fis cynical on my part let me but the general effect is that of good works. They did not sup, but tomorrow there will be fewer untimely ont
coming for Isaldo's especially if interlocked, could present Duke of Sutherland, as
His interests were so tied to the company that he supported the French in Insisting on the agreement. To ,avold tho publicity of a court fight, the groups came to terins; with Gulbenkian, dropped the agre ment and provided him with a special allocation of oil.
Gulbenkdan won" yet "enother of his battles after World War Two. He had Been declared an enemy alien, but he pro- tested on the ground that' ko had diplomatio, immunity, and got a settlement of his back oil claims of 2847,000,-
POCKET CARTOON
· by OSBERT LANCASTER
趨
** Let us eat, drink and be - merry, Sir Algernon, for it's here, today and gone for PINS Export tomorrow i'