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THE CHINA MAIL, SATURDAY, AUGUST, 30, 1952.
WHEN WILL BRITAIN
GIVE FLEMING HIS DUE?
H
London.
∙AS any British invention of recent years brought more universal renown to this country than the discovery of penicillin? Shrewd, daring and ingenious as British scientists have been, most of their pioneering work has been turned quickly to ac- count for destructive' onds? Radar, jet propulsion, atom- ic energy in all these de- velopments peaceful uses had perforce to take second place to defence needs.
people since then.
by-
CHARLES
WINTOUR
"penicillin" after the name
pain from infected wounds Nobel prize-
which remained open for
French
SIR ALEXANDER FLEMING
The modest genius waste untawarded.
ot
rosult_was_that_nlthough Basic facts about rillin had been given fred
ARMY RUNS ITS OWN UNIVERSITY
BY PETER LOVEGROVE,
no
N times of peace the If he should docile in duc British Army, a. cynic course that his beat is scientifle, used to say, is always he can return to Shrivenham for a post-graduate coure in the preparing to fight the last subject of his own choosing. На war. Whatever measure of has a choice of three: Weapons truth there may once have Fighting Vehicles and Firo been in this quip is Direction, on which he spends a year. Laler stil, he may ro- longer valid today when the turn again for a special course development of scientific in Guided Missiles, a study of weapons has brought a new which is attracting growing in-
tores and revolutionary era in
of these methods of war.
to produce the It is not the weapons' only that specialist or the designer, and are changing. It had been in Shrivenham should not bo the creasingly evident that, with an considered a "forcing-house" for The post-
desterred
peri- ordinary Cadet College training. technical staffs.
to officers were becoming unable to
courses
the world this country has had understand and handle effectively unte instruction enables an
experinc the first of its kind
In the
now be
being con-
been given ducted at Shrivenham,
for war-
of
not
רזיה
for the necessary
and, even
Compromise
Intention
not only qualifies young men
The
Its
a
to Interpret the require- ta pay dollars in royalties to the weapons made available to ments of the Army to the American Arms for the right them by the scientist, and there designer and the manufacturer, to use their technique of com- has been much new thinking on and to keep the Army informed All the greater glory, the mould which was "penicil mercial manufacture. As Fient- the training and education of the of the current capabilities and ing himself has wryly comment future loaders in the Army. One limitations of science and pro- therefore, attaches to peni- lium notatum,"
ed: "It seems a pity, we should of the rest
results is the important duction. cillin, the drug whose heal- Flemming himself was unoble have to pay for what is
our concentration own.". ing and antiseptic properties to complete the
of penicillin. saved the lives of thousands and purification
That stage of the work, with Vast sums have of soldiers in the last war the demonstration of its thera- to British inventors
As long ago as December 1944, THE undergraduate training and have saved the lives of peutic properties, was carried time researches. Sir Frunk when the end of World War Two scores of thousands of out some years later by a team Whittle was given £100,000 for was in sight, a Committee with to pass examinations but also of workers at Oxford Univer- his work on Jct propulsion both brains and vision under the teaches them to be leaders and
that
conditions noted good citizens. ro-chairmanship of sity under the leadership of Sir Sir Robert Watson Wait Howary! Florey and Dr Chain, ceived £50,000 for his work on engineer, Sir Henry Guy, went there favour this intention: un-
most whole world
has Finally The
most universities like American scientists radar.
inventor of The
into the whole problem of the the
13 benefitted from penicillin. found a method of producing
mincs which blew up the Ger
future
education of the officer, population is entirely residential, Where in earlier days the mould in large quantities. man dams was given £10,000. They concluded that as a broad the students and staff and their doc-education of the university type College grounds. in a closely-
roud families living on But Fleming, like other
the spacious soldiers suffered intense
tore, has been given nothing. was necessary for the prepara-
knit community, which Explaining the Governmentation of future leaders in industry,
development of a policy in 1844, Mr Attlee, then commerce and the professions, 1 courages the
President the Lord
tho was
healthy six months or more, peni- /HAT recognition hus Flem- Council, said that
equally
life. corporate any system Army officer.
Also there is a strong element cillin was able to prevent Y ing received for the epoch of #nancial rewards, even if Ali, in fact, should be given a
of elder men undergoing post- the wounds becoming in- making flash of genius which desirable, could not be adminis- basic scientific education; those graduate Instruction,
a number terest
scientifle ability
should
of civilian
Ad scholars, equitably in practice. The with fected at all and brought detected the new drug?
Government
from the their supported medical carry
studies to
other the sprinkling honours have Gov about a speedy recovery, From abroad
reteurch in progress, and did university degree level; and those Servicos and the Commonwealth, It has been used with suc- poured upon him without stint.
Young omeer can In 1945 he shared the Nobel not offer payment by results, with marked leanings towards so that the your forms cess against all
But why should it be pos- the
broaden his mind by mixing with of Prize for medicine with Florey. sible to administer a system of graduate
seientific, to the past-
outlook and blood poisoning, including He was innde
cumimander rew
research men of different rewarde for radar research, stage.
more mature experience. the of venereal disease.
Legian of
curely a tremendously compil
No drills or parades. are held, ilonour, awarded the Americated nek, while it is
and the student is free to con- It has opened an entirely can Medal of Merit and given thought possible to make pay- THEY canvisaged the creation of centrate on scientific study. He new field of drug production. the Spanish Grand Cross of Al- ments for a medical discovery an Imperial Milltary Univer- Lives and foods
however fonso X. Apart from picking about which there is no dis- anti-biotics up the freedom of the city Many
"Halls,"
more organised pute?
which the whole range and officers' messes than colleges of substances produced by Verona, an humanitarian award
Variety
which scope of officer education would a Clubs
a university,
makes it living organisms which are from the
be condueled. number
canter to maintain standard and poisonous to bacteria have America and
Great attention is academic distinctions,
They reckoned, however, with- discipline. followed the discovery of has even had the mala
out the serious economic altua- paid to game and sporting ac successive British tion of the country. This im- tivities, and the whole of the penicillin.
Spanish Morocco CINCE Streptomycin, of a town in
SINCE
Governments
more modest College life is designed to enable aureomycin, chloromycetin named after him.
a!! students to At home the prophet, while mined not to pay out any money nature and the result has been
on their to live all these "miracle drugs"
The not
Prewar ordinary pay and allowances,
Though owe the inspiration of their hos entirely without honour, for one of the greatest medical a
his discoveries of the century, then Sandhurst (now combined with
Shrivenham certainly not received
could been the Woolwich "Shop"), the Staff
Staff handle over 400 students at a discovery to penicillin. Mr due. He was knighted in 1944 surely they should have
and the Imperial Defence time, a shee of wen the significance of peal- spurred on to give higher
College Bevan, when Minister
shortage of sultable en- cillin was first
to Sir Alexander College have been re-established trants
courses has Health, had good reason to Since ther he received gold
in other wayn. Other call it "one of the most medals from many scientific and doctors, with less to distinguish/gether with the addition of the been proving eng of the chlet Service Staff College. And worrles of the authorities. beneficent discoveries in the lear
Harned societies. He has been them, have been made peers, now the Military College of Instead of the seventy young given the freedom of Padding Other scientists have recolved Science has been inserted in the officers they had hoped to get history of medicine."
ton, where he works, and of the Order of Merit.
series to provide the university from Sandhurst annually, the Chelsea, where he lives. But It would be a graceful ges-education.
numbers who have reached the. nothing further had come his ture for Coronation Year If This college, of course, had standard demanded for a degree way from the British Govern Fleming, one of the
Queen's
boom in existence at Woolwich course have been under 40. and ment.
most illustrious subjects, was
for nearly a century, but only to
the War Omee has now in- Surely this is a churilah way at lust given the recognition zive
troduced a and
new direct-entry THE value of the drug to to treat a great man. Fleming which the
importance of his give special humanity
scheme open to schoolboys and sclentine, courses bc ond may
to the Army National Service officers his colleagues, la pc discovery
In 1946, it was transplanted to
and measured by the eagerness cordance with the usual Bri- modest genius should have to
nover patented wait no longer for his just re-the picturesque 700-acre Beckett other ranks, with which other countries is practice,
of Shrivenham, a little Estate The ward. their healing discoveries. have rushed to make it.
village lying between Faringdon and Swindon in the charming country of the Vale of the White Horse, where
here it appeared in Ity, and boys between the ages new
Euise ternal college recognised
by a by recommended lied to its Commissions Board, London Univers nation, and called up and undergo
new
The smugglers
| Countries already producing the drug in commercial include the quantities United States, France, Japan, Yugoslavia and Italy. A new factory is be- ing opened in India with American aid this year.
There is still such a temand for it on the Continent that
smugglers trying to cross
ปี
It's time
Fleming strect
appreciated. con
sity, worthily accommodated, in
deter posed plans of a scem
warrants,
This
URANIUM IN THE
BLACK FOREST
border patrols occasionally catch URA
have
the
From William Hamsher
a
compromise.
syllabus and
technical
M an
H
Two Years
in
+3
“ANDIDATES must be of high academic and scientific abil-
after being
of 17% and 10%,
Regular
the
will be
from the standing and prestige normal training
for National of which it gains in
Service officers,
being granted Ereat National Service commissions as measure. This enables it to attract a first class academic sce
run
second lieutenants after about
Only after they have then been empleyed for at least another six months on regimental duty will they enter the Military College of Selence.
Berlin. As the application is for "per- staff, and to maintain a standard six months' service in the ranks. TRANIUM
it is clear of education that is known and has been mission to exploit,"
that prospecting has already accepted throughout the world. found in Western Ger gone far enough to lead German,
Two Degrees Alps with vials of the drug many's Black Forest, and experts to believe that the yeild And the Russians
WO degree courses are pald compliment of German firm has asked would be promising. penicillin the
In addition to academic studies, claiming that they discovered the Allied High Commis-
No licence is necessary in West Sandhurst. The first, in General which are supervised by the sion for permission to ex- Germany for prospecting.
Science, takes 20 months, R.S.,
Dean, Professor O. G. Sutton, the instruction will The Western Allies have re-empimises mental training and Of course no
dispute exists ploit its find.
suitable for include appropriate military and to the is particulcely about the discovery of pentefl-
served power in regard
officors of British officials in Bonn exploitation of uranium
of the "teeth arms." The rearcational training in order to for oli in in the Western world. The
that to have confirmed
the strategic purposes, and Drother, in Engineering, lasts $2 develop their powers of leader- honour belongs exclusively Sir Alexander Fleming. application has been filed, calor, has already made it clear the application
Adenauer, West German Chan-months, is more concerned with ship,
of science to After two years at the collego
It Arst.
In 1928, when he was work but. gave no indication that his govemment would Im-engineering and is more suitable officers will be granted regular
ing in his research laboratory
at St. Mary's Hospital Pad whether military security pose dington, Professor Fleming, na experts have yet
he then was, noticed that bac-it.
The firs Is
In
graduation
the same controls after for Royal Engineer, Signal and commissions, and
Peace R.E.M.E. officers.
will be given antedates to bring vetted ideation of the Bonn
pact 'ends occupation and com-
On leaving Shrivenham with them into line for seniority with pletes West Germany's indea London degree from either their contemporaries who have teria which he was growing on
pendence.
course, an officer has an under- been comunissioned through "plates" had been contaminated
working
standing of the principles on Sandhurst, They will be by a mould spore carried in by:
Black Forest which Reports of the
weapons throwing near Freiburg Im Breis- And have caused excitment
of tho the air. Instead
next expected to undertake to serve twenty years will- bo the contaminated
Berlin where
designed, as officers for at least Bve years. the population is therefore ble, to use them after finishing their Fleming spotted that this little
living surrounded by Soviet
degree mould, only 1/0000th of an It is reported that the applica- ruled territory, think that the more effectively, and is mentally course. The art entry is to be Inch, was inhibiting, and indeed tion to work the are refers to source of uranium in the West well equipped to look forward to in September, and successful
career on the generat germs it
or dandidates will destroying, the
had Wittichen, o, hamlet of fewer would cfset the strategic effect invaded. Fleming named this than 200 proplu about 50 miles of the big deposit along the technical staff, or in regimentol Shrivenham in the killing essence of the mout north of Freiburg.
Czech barder of the Russian zone. duty.
out
plate gau.
JOHNNY HAZARD
BE SIT DOWNL
HERR HAZARD!.
THANKS.IF YOU'RE - SURE THE GHIAR ISN'T WIRED THE WAY YOUR POOK IGÅ
I HOPE THE GUN. |ØPESN'T BOTHER YOU: -IT, COMFORTS MESO :
MUCH!
NOT AT ALL/ NOTHINGI LIKE BETTER THAN HOLDING A CHEERFUL
CONVERGATION AT THE POINT OF A GUN!
!
By Frank Robbins
YOU ARE CRAVE,
| HERR HAZARPWBUT NOT: FOOLHARPY I- HOPE!
NOT A BIT TELL ME, WHAT ELSE IS NEW WITH OUR GEWING CIRCLE-
THESE DAYG
1953.
ba
reaching
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