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THE CHINA MAIL, SATURDAY;". JUNE 28, 1952.
The Russians are calling their authors
I
Engineers Of The This is
Human Soul
N the Soviet Union of
today the author
-By-
mented on having accepted the criticisms of the Party, but his original faults were referred to In hla at considerable length.
stands high in the SIR ROBERT BRUCE LOCKHART Arat chort he had net succeed-s
privileged caste which, under “Stalin," rules the country. peoples,
The Soviet almost wholly illiterate before the Rovolu- tion, are now almost wholly literate. They have become great readers and have ac- quired a thirst for culture. Indeed, to call a Soviet- citizen chelovek (an uncultured fel- low) is the most resented of all insults.
nekulturnyi
of the human soul."
the
Sir
WOE Robert Bruce Lockhart -
educated In Paris Scotland Berlin and
and joined the Consular Service at the age of 24 Ho has vory considerable knowledge, based on personal acquaintance, of many of the leading figuros in the USSR and Eastern Europe. Ho has had wido journalis tic experience. During World War II ho was Director- General of the British Political Warfare Executivo. Ho has written · soveral -- books, among
thom "Guns or Butter?", and "Comes the Rockoning."-
in Moscow in August, 1934. preter to be silent for reeling "evlet literature," he said, "s too loudly one of Yetonin's tendentious, for in the age of poems.
Among others who were ac-
ed in portraying in the proper, light the older "generation;
dew
The review began with this words:
The Bolshevik Party inspires and directs the. velopment of Soviet literature.
ended The second paragraph with the sentence: "The litera- ture of Socialist realism owen oli fia successes to the wisa Itadership
of the Party of
Lenin and Stalin. By submit ting to this totalitarian disci- pline, Fadeyev
his the
retains
position as President of Union of Soviet Writers,
Bowed To Storm
ди-
The Soviet author's sales are therefore large and, as taxes are low, he earns more the class struggle a non-cinza, Doubtless, It was their popu- TUE case of Valenda Katayev,
most non tendentious,
who has a the
would arily with the young that
long list of money than
not duced. Zhdanov to take such novels, playa and short stories popular
and apolitical literature dors American
and cannot exist,”
strong action against those au- to his credit, is almost similar. British writers. Moreover, During the last war there, for it is the young, whom in 1949 he published his "For
ascer- he enjoys the flattering patriotism was in the seen the Party, pecks to Indoctrinato the Power of the Soviets.
re- and to subdue to that uniques. Once again the story was, of title, bestowed on him by daat, and there was some
lascation of political infor- Lioning obedience: which, the the wartime activities of young Stalin himself, of "engineer laxati
ference. But
hos political unity 18 500 as
of Communist partisans; once again the tilities
the Party re society requires. ceased,
thor was accused of belittling on the arts, The title is neither so flatter- newed ito grip
the role of the Party in the war. The Whisper ing nor so innocuous as it and in August 1946, Zhdanov
This sounds. It implies that, like the returned to the attack.
time, however, the scientist,
the historian, composer, the painter and the cused of bourgeois decadence PE this as it may, the Soviet criticism come almost at once, Fadeyov, Katoyev and, like highly popular satirist
bowed to the storm and spent Lculptor, the author is harnested the
Ing. He nust Zeshchenko, and the pocters been forced to accept the to the Party inachine.
two years in re-writing his not
think Independently. His Akhmatov, came in for tvare principle of Communist dictation, book. When the revised version task is to follow the Party line realment, in the coursest lane and during the past six months appeared, it was honoured with
Zhdanov denounced two famous, writers, Alexander and to support by his output the guage
de a three-column review in the Hy Zoshchenko, as a grotesque vul- compulsory Indoctrination by
long January 25, 1932. Again which the Parly seeks to inform garlan who put into the mouth have er en Valentin Katayev, Literaturain.
of a monkey the vile anti-period of penance and public faults of the original version Sviet statement that in humiliation in circumstances
cas breathe more which to a Western mind seem was
was lauded for the responsible age one freely than among the Sovint almost Incredible. people." Describing Akhmato
cross between a sun and a whore," Zhdanovac cused her of
poisoning the minds of the young.
Easy Way Out
.
Suicide At 30
author of today has
emerged from
Gazeta
GORDONS
DRY GIN
DINYURLILIT
LONDON
Page
the Grim
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Plunge for
of
the
were recapitulated; the author
and serious manner in which
a
he had accepted "the justified In 1945 Fedeyey, who as
and boy of 17 fought for the Bo- eriticisms of the Party: theviks in the Civil War and the new version was hailed as has never wavered in his loyal- a book "which would be ty to the Party, wrote a novel favourite both of young. called "The
Young Guard old readers."""
It was a powerful story of the heroism of a group of young
who Communist
partisans
behind
Party Blueprint
and
very
the mind of the masses into one unresisting, und
uncritical mould, He must cultivate the art of "self-criticism" which trans- lated from Communist jargon, means that he must submit him self to the criticians of the Party politicians, confess his ains publicly or disappear (tom the scene, His difficulty is that, while the universal triumph of
remains Communism
the constant of Soviet strategy, the ANOTHER gifted poet
the German lines. It was at Party tactical line changes made મ strong appeal once hailed by the critics as an TN the etrcumstances in which frequently, and often suddenly, to Soviet
youth was outstanding, work and it sold the Soviet author has to work Sorge! Yosemin, who welcomed the hundreds of thousands of it is scarcely surprising that the Revolution and then
so far Soviet Eterature has in disillusionment, committed coples TALENTED Writers like Kon- suident the age of 30. Then the whisper started produced no drama, no novel,
All-except, a low of probably by some fealqus in- ab historical work and
outstanding that little poury of reund stantin Simonov and Ilya his cartier poems are now for former went
much merit. What is uncertul is to Ehrenburg, who are content to bidden, and in his "It Happens Fadeyev had given too
too what extent, if any, does the devote themselves entirely to in Russia", Vladimir Patrov do praise to the young and
con- propaganda and to write cheap scribes how, soon after the as- little to the Party leadership. Hussion author, once so
fiterary Integrity and vulgar anti-American plays sassination of Kirov in 1934, Stalin was, then approaching scious of his
even and so resentful of political and articles, and an easy way he met in a Leningrad prisch 70, and so belittle Stalin
object to the out.
which seven boys of 16 and 17 who by neglect of praise is dan interference,
the They bask in the sunshine of had received long sentences for gerous: The breath of criticism severe limitations the Party favour and culoy the reading unpublished poems of swelled to tempest, and Soviet regime imposes on him. As I have said, some authors luxuries of the expensive Mos Yesenin which had circulated Fadeyev admitting his errors,
take the cash and let their own retired to re-write his book. Hotel They have their in hand-written copies,
But 13 credit go.
known extended In its revised and reward. Their flerary con-
Andre Gide, too, relates science may somalime
give his "Return From Russia bow form it appeared in December privately that some authors do frustration of them
and hia. 1951, twingo, but thelz poc- Russian companion
was reviewed in feel bliterly
was from which they suffer. Mere- kets are well-filled,
who had drunk too much was Pravda. The new version.
compli- over, it is reasonable to assume Other more gifted authors
at once implored by the inter- praised. Fadeyev was
that, as the vast Russian read- avoid trouble. by translating ac-
ing public becomes more cepted foreign classics, but
Alterary-minded, it will seek to fault many, often through no
widen its mental and intellec dis-
tual horizons, and, when. iho: bil-powerful Stalin disappears from the scene, it is perhaps In this feld that the greatest changes will take place.
cow
♫
of their own, incur the pleasure of the Farty and are fortunate it they
not
silenced for ever,
are
The first historian of the Re- volution was Professor Pokrov- sky, whom Lenin praised the
33
greatest living interpreter
of Marx. Net unnaturally, since he was an anti-Tsarist revolu- tionary, the Professor criticised severely the whole apparatus of Tsarist imperialism, including the landowners, the high off- cials and the most famous generals,
After Lenin's death Stalla developed a new interpretation If Russian history, and dla- covered Communist virtues Tsars like Ivan the
in
Terrible and Peter the Great, and Com- victorious munist heroos in soldiers like Alexander Nevsicy TN
Suvorov and Kutuzov. Profes F
sor Pokrovsky fell into disgraED
MYSTERY
Sonia's
CLUB
Ι
"And to think, if it hadn't been for that allly slip made She broke off-sho was a terribly, brittle terribly character.
YOUR SLIP IS SHOWING, SONIA
by
leaned. Lor-
ward on the my edge of chair the seat ERNEST DUDLEY
missing. Was The Armchair Detective anywayenger hear another luxuriously of Sonia's sordid stories of her
career. underworld
to
appointed East Croydon was working hand-in-
with Manny
and his works were withdrawn flat the lights were seduc- from circulation.
Swift Reaction
Skripp,
tively low (there was an smartest book-swindler in the electricity cut).
game,"
ne," she continued in her alluring sin-and-fog tones. hnd the novel noum of faking Casanova's memoirs."
Midnight was striking (an other higher wages dispute), a TN the theatro Meyerhold, the Sonia turned from the window greatest Russian producer overlooking the High Street.
Stanislavsky, affir
She straightened her gaze, suffered similar extinction. A Bolshevik which had been bent on the sympathiser from the first, he had stream of aleek limousines bear always been careful to following expensively gowned actresses the Party has and, for a time and their millionaire escorts to well-known he enjoyed great popularity. the
Locat
seems that Sonia had been tipped that Farry Graff, the Welsh antique and book-dealer, would pay £10,000 night-clubs an for the original manuscript of Nevertheless, he had his pride Chainos." as a producer and, when
through with all thatin the great lover's life and love- Party Instructed him how to Sonia cried, a blood-red finger story, told in his own hand. produce Gogol, he showed obnail, flicking the foot-long ash
thu
For weeks Manny and I sunney. The Party reaction was off her hashish cigarette. That worked on the job. We both got swift. His theatre was closed. aimless, empty slifter of hectic writer's cramp, but we did it. His wife committed suicide, milk-bars and and Mayerhold himselt vanish- tinselled ed never to be seen again.
The great Shostakovich near- ly suffered a similar fate. His opern, "Lady
Mtsensk Distracbeth-of-the
was having
nounced as "rotien bourgeois fermalism and
Croydon's We had a spattered, travel- night-
I'm stained, worm-caten, cobweb- through with ther-I'd just looked the genuine article from bed, battered old volume, which 1. goggled at arrived by motor-bike. "Don't cover to cover. don't tell me," 1. asked in sür prise,
reformed?"
Concocting the story
"you're
that
a long and popular run. Then London's notorious Crime I'd come by it. accidentally-in Stalin himself attended 'n "per" queen, eyed herself in the tall, an old. junk-shop.". Sonia went formance. The opom, whe
wail-mirror. "Keep my form ant, "I popped down with the with out of this," the mapped.. 'was. drawni Shostakovich himself was: eventually restored favour, but for a, ume, he was forced to
book to Parry Graff's home at Little Dinding-in-the-Slump.
"The old boy fell over his beard in his : excitement.
to remain discreetly in draw her mink-lined. It only" and tears trickled down bathrobe, v with its revealingly Sonia's nose; and put outlier ky, who was in a plunging hem-line pigger round cigarette with a loud fxz, " highly privileged position, pro her shapely figure,
Gorky,
**There's hadn't made that foolish “
tested against this absurd nothing wrong with it that take, EAGLEN TH treatment of great artists, but good foundation won't§ AK. I
his words fell on font card.
Tho cánu, for 2 Communist
totalitarianism in the arts wa
a to be.
book,nderby drag
ANZINES OF CONTIT, YOU have i
You haven't yet,
put succinctly and brutally by her cigaretto and dexterously another glance at the picture Zhdanov at the first Congress puited a cloud of hashish smooxo gives you the clue. The sold-
tion ja on Page 10, of the Union of Soviet Write through her left dat
the
Meanwhile, the Soviet en ginoers of the soul have to fol- low faithfully the blueprint. which the Party lays before. them;
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