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LISTERINE ANTISEPTICE
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THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, MARCH 24, 1952.
THE STORY THAT HAD TO BE KEPT SECRET FOR NEARLY SIX YEARS
MAXIM LITVINOV WARNS THE WEST
This is the report of the most astonishing Interview ever given by a top-ranking Russian diplomat to a new- paperman.
The diplomat was Maxim Litvinov (above) farmer Foreign Minister, first Ambassador of the USSR to the was Richard C. United States. The newspaperman Hattelet, Moscow correspondent for the Columbia Broad- casting System.
The time was 1946, Litvinov was being pushed out of power by Stalin. To have published Litvínov's words while he was alive, probably would have meant his execu- tion. When Litvinov's death was announced on January 2. 1952, by the Kramlin, Mr Hottelet felt free to write the interview and to tell the story behind it.
Shortly after the interview, Mr Hottelet prepared a confidential memorandum of it and gave it to the American State Department.
This is the first of five instalments,
The World Health Organisation reports on
a social problem that is still increasing ..
THE
ALCOHOLICS
By a Doctor
ADDICTION to alcohol ja head, but may be physically
"We Russians can't be trusted," said the
tooked at the fire but he took no notice.
I asked him what he thought of the international situation. 1 was prepared for the Usual polite evasion in the direction
Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister to the newsman of the latest Pravda editorial.
0
By RICHARD C. HOTTELET
for the answer.
2
But his answer was direet and deliberata, given with the air of a man who has some- get thing very important to oft his mind;
"The outleok," he said, "is bad. It seems as though the differences between East and West have gone too far to be blaze burning NE afternoon In important for a correspondent replace, with
iconciled,"
gulped. He continued: June 1946 Maxim in Moscow to do than to icok brightly.
Litvinov's office was an oblong, "There once seemed a chance Litvinov, then De.
From Russian officials had good-sized living room. The that the two worlds would be puty Foreign Minit known in Berlin and who were door was not quite in the middle. allowed to exist side by side, On the cpposite elde was the but that is obviously no longer ter of the USSR, received lown in Moscow I hoped to On
framed in an elaborate the case. There has been a re- me in his office in Moscow to get at least a frank statement replebaronial enough for a turn in Russla to the outmoded
of Soviet policy. Instead I got
I got moulding, warn the Western world the brush off, plain and simple. top official. To the left stood a concept of security in terms of that the Kremlin cannot be Towards the middle of June, long, dark wooden table with territory-the more you've got trusted and cannot be ap- when I had just about resigned heavy carving, much more of an the safer you are."
I asked why this should be myself to getting my news out early Hollywood dining room pensed.
of Pravda, the shrewd CBS place then a cenference table. so. Had the victoricus secretary suggested we try to get It was surrounded by high time alliance not pointed
collective security? hold of Litvinov.
backed chairs, alan carved, with way to The attempt seemed promising. their legs ending in a claw and Litvinov had himself for many years urged such a policy. suspicious
Was there Instead
gruff,
no hope that the
+
ball.
the
we
about?
war- the
It was & summer of political struggle between East and West. The war- time alliance was bein feving at the other end of the At the other end of the room United Nations would bring it torn to shreds in Foreign wire, a pelite secretary said she were windows,
with Ministers' meetings, and in would consult the Deputy Litvinov's desk at right. angles
CONFLICT speeches and statements Foreign Minister, and call back.., to one. As I went in, Litvinov Next day she called back to was standing half bent over the from various capitals.
AL that time
many well say that Mr Litvinov could see desk. He seemed to be sorting TVINOV shrugged,
papers, and f menning observers thought that me the following week.
though he had not expected me he replied, "the root cause. 18 it might all be no more than a BOILING HOT at that moment, although I had the ideological conception pre-
just been announced.
was almost as
"As far as I am concerned,"
ever
iragle misunderstanding. They the prepared to give were
He turned
me vailing here that coulet be- towards benent Kremlin the
the of
tween the Communist and capi- BUT when the day came I ex-
quickly, then drew himself
tolist worlds is inevitable. doubt and regard it as the vic-pected something to go wrong straight and came across the
"If there
to be tin. of inborn suspicion which up to the minute I walked to carpet holding out his hand.
basis of co-operation And 1 ex- the West was duty bound to Litvinov's
He led me to the big table, be that of agreement understand and remove. Lit pected to heur nothing much seated me at one end and took the great powers," he went on. vinov's warning seemed to be once I was there.. addressed to them,
POINT BLANK
put the question to point blank:
never
uffice.
"Suppose the West were sud- a woollen suit as I walked of strength and determination. be out s
a physical disease and soft and "spineless" and should be treated as such. show other signs of under-denly to give in and This is the conclusion of a functioning of the adrenal Moscow's demands committee of experts on glands.. mental health who have been studying alcoholism
•
with His
vious
it
must
ameng
Denmark
#
the chair to my right, with
"Obviously Haiti or It was a boiling hot day. I his back towards the fireplace. could not threaten world peace. did record the exact day He looked like his pletures As for the United Nations, it is In my nutes for fear the secret round: florid face, thin while not unreasonable for
Russia police might leap to the "right" hair combed vaguely back, rim- him conclusion.
ག་ས་
perspired freely less glasses and the appearance to be susplelous of any forum in which would constantly In the short distance from the The light summer sult and The thought leaped into my grant all Metropole Hotel to the Foreign white perforated shoes he wore mind that the interview might regarding omes. It was so hot that my were obviously a relic of his Trieste, the Italian colonies, heels bent donta in the soft days as Soviet Ambassador have been planned to float
trial balloon, some new Russian Washington. the Danube River and the rest. asphalt as I crossed the street.
the
proposal in the diplomatic war. The flunkey in livery at the According to the World Would that lead to good will
So far Litvinov had not said a THICK ACCENT and
present main entrance knew 1 an easing of the
was com-
word about our talk being off at the request of the World Health Organisation report tension?"
the ob- ing and look me up in the old-
the record. I popped the o Litvinov replied slowly and fashioned cage
Hift.. The
spoke English H
"next"question," Health Organisation, and the passage from ordinary
3. D thick accent.
Recalling that he was stiil who have just produced a social drinking to addiction deliberately, as though he were secretary in Litvinov's bare outer
volca Was low and on a summer dress, is marked
certain patiently making a point which office had by
rather Deputy Foreign Minister and ot long and comprehensive re-
should have been obvious.
rough. He breathed nol-
his government's disposal for definite milestones, from
But "It would lead," he said, "o and her window was open.
the sily as when she opened
he had though port about it.
new ideas and approaches, I' door into her chest cold or asthma. I awap- the first "black-out" to the the West being faced,
padded double boss's room the first thing I saw ped him an American cigarette asked: "How, would you say. Alcoholism seems to be final degradation of absolute more or less short time,
the next series of demands."
could this Russian papyrossa.
bridged?" the increase in many dependence on the morning
It was an astonishing state- on the opposite side was a large for parts of the world. It was drink and more or lessment, But it was not the only stated recently in the sustained drunkenness staggering judgment which the French Chamber of Depu- throughout the conscious ter expressed in the course of ties that one quarter of all hours. The inevitable conse-our long conversation. the cases under treatment in quences will be delirium [ inov also discussed Rus-
Litvinov
of the .atcm French psychiatric hospitals tremens and a fatal illness, sla's estimate
can be bomb, the possibility of inner were of alcoholic origin. In unless the addict
pressure or revolution the State of New York, persuaded to accept treating the course of Soviet policy, and the possible foreign politi- according to the New York ment.
eal consequences of Stalin's are 700,000 Times, there
death. chronic alcoholics-one man
BRUSH OFF out of every 12 in the popu- lution.
01
1
27-LETTER DRUG
after a with
Soviet Deputy Foreign Qinis-
cow.
chang-
The success of medical treat-THE circumstances and back- ground of the interview were What is alcoholic? ment used to depend greatly on unusual. In the Spring of 1946 Columbia Broadcasting Here is the definition given the patient's strength of mind. the
Mos by the World Health Or. It still does, but to a less extent, System ussigned me to
for within the last two or threë ganisation:
My wife and I went by way years doctors have been finding of Paris, where the Foreign wrangled, and a new Danish drug exceedingly Ministers
grent Its chemical name is Copenhagen, where the the air raid shelter in
Town It Tetraethylthiuramdisulphide.
Hall square was still intact. called
In Leningrad we saw women drilling with fixed bayonets to the commands of an army offl- cer.
WHAT THEY ARE helpful.
is also
Disulfiram
Dr.
of
"Alcoholics are those ex- cessive drinkers whose de- Antabuse.
If a patient taking this drug pendence upon alcohol has attained such a degree that drinks even a small quantity of By the time we got to Mos- cow almost everything we had it shows a noticeable mental alcohola, tablespoonful
seen raised the question in our disturbance or an inter whisky, for instance-a reaction
minds-why should this peace, ference with their bodily takes place Inside the body won at such cost less than
distressing year ago, now be so uncertaint. and mental health, their which causes most
including nausea, There appeared to be noth- inter-personal relations and symptoms,
violent Aushing ing more Interesting or their smooth social and eco- palpitations, a
of the face, and a feeling of nomic functioning; or show impending physical collapse. the prodromal signs of such developments. They there- fore require treatment."
Obviously a drug like this con be dangerous, but when rightly used it nets as a powerful rein- forcement to the patient's own
mental efforts to overcome his addiction
making" him
by
You will observe that heavy drinker is not neces- sarily an alcoholic. 1. am frightened of the consequences nware of one case, which or
the patient enhol. Of course, the
vividly illustrates'
co-operation is neces- Eary, for he has to take the drug difference-a man who died for long periods, and the treat-
at the age of 93 having ment must be backed up by drunk a quart of Scotch skilled psychotherapy whisky every day for sixty underlying neurosis,
years
while successfully
races are more susceptible to alcoholism than others. The Celtic and Scandinavian peoples have the
Jews record, the Chinese the best.
more
About The
Author
DICHARD C.. (Dick) Hotlelet has been a foreign corres- Rondent for fourteen years.
Born in Brooklyn thirty-five years ago, he made his first trip abroad in 1997 when he did post-graduate work in psychology at the University of Berlin. A year later he Joined the United Fress bureau in Berlin, Ito helped cover the stories that led to World War II-Crech crisis, Munich pact.
He was with the German troops that marched into Poland in 1930, went with the German Army through Bel- glum and Northern France to the English channel and Dan- kirk. Teo outspoken in his opposition to the Nazis, Hot- ielet was arrested In 1941 on a trumped up charge of es- plonage. After four months solitary confinement he was exchanged for two Nazi newsmen held by the U.S. Depart- ment of Justice.
After Pearl Harbour he joined the American Office of War Information to help conduct paychologiɑni · warfare gainst the German Army and home front. His work took him to the Mediterranean theatre and Italian battlefields.
In January 1944, Holtelet joined the Columbia Broad- casting System radio news staff in London. He flew with the air force before the invasion, was in a Ninth Air Force bomber that attacked Utah Beach on D-Day.
He covered some of the bloodiest fighting to the Huert. ten forest, save the first report of the German counter- offensive which grew out of tie Battle of the Bulgs... · Ho
with the troope
the that made
first contact will the Russians on the Elbo, He was Moscow correspon- dent for CBS from May until December 1946 when Stalin withdrew broadcasting facilities. He conducted his own news show in the United Slates from 1947- until his return to Berlin in 1950. He is now located in Bonn, Germany.
Hotties is married and the father of two children
Royal Family's favourite catches on in 'pet stakes'
E
Research
present chasm
ba
The answer was not what I hed expected, He breathed heavily and coked squarely at
me.
NO TRICK
TT was a tired, resigned old man who replied: "I have some ideas, but I won't give them until they call on me." (They obviously referred to the
"And In the Kremlin). will
men.
they
certainly call on me."
not
I tried to Indicate üs do- Heatcly as I could that, he had been on the shelf
before once and brought out again when Stalin
wanted good relations with the West. Was, he sure that would not happen again?
Litvinov shook his head. "No," he
said,
observer
positive. I'm just an
And I'm glod to be out of It"
The
rest of this stranige in- terview awakened the impres sion
which Was later conarmed. that it was ino trick of elaborate deception, but that it
was meant'es Litvinoy'a politi-
cal teglament to the, Western world.
(Copyright, 1952, by United Frature Syndicate, Inc.).
Tomorrow: LITVINOV DISCUSSES THE A-BOMB.
SCH ATPH
The scientists isolated a drug called micrococeln, which was death to TB germs and did not baim humun teses. With great
hospital
trials,
difficulty, chough was produced
for
tho Medical. the time the late King bought a for London
Family's corgi for his daughters In 1833. Council. of the THE Royal
Now, as nursary pet for her Pamela has a good chance, of favourite dog, the own chlidren, the Queen has 4 being remembered in that of Welsh corgi, looks like be- core pup. Sugar, daughter of
They falted because the drug effective against tuberculosis,
could not get to grips with the The Medical Research germs in the body. When in managing a business. Some ALL OR NOTHING coming the average family's the reigning Royal Hotend the first to find a drug really
favourite too, according to deg Susan.
The appealing figures issued by the Kennel up such tremendous numbers in find a
cocker bulit
Council has started a drive to Jected it stayed put under the-
"super-penicillin" cap- skin instead of being transport- Another promising line of Club today..
of postwar popularity able of killing TB.germs. ¤ Burgo
ed into the bloodstream. that is still top dog, though treatment, especially for acute
Penicillin was discovered in alcoholism (including delirium Corgis have moved up to the numbers are falling fast. tremens), is to stimulate the fourth place in the annual Last year gute of 12,071 now mould which blew into Bir Disappointment No. 2 came patient's adrenal glands by in-
popularity poll of pedigree cocker pups registered with the Alexander Fleming's laboratory with
they called through a window. So a team jections of cortisone or soreno puns, displacing the wire Kennel Club was the lowest for of acleatists at Clevedon, led by actitryin. This idilled TD germs Jated drug ACTH (adreno- corticotrophic hormone). This is haired fox terrier, which caht years.
Dachshunds End Scotties are able, 38-year-old Brendan Kelly, and could be injected properly,
but it proved tog poisonous, rational In view of the evidence had been among the first losing their popularity because
patiently examining
BoDres of
Now the scientists are testing that adrenal function may be four for more than 30 years. the coral competes with them in her moulds,
the "spawn" of· sepres” of tend=" constitutionally dófectivo in The only breeds in front of size and appeal,
The moulds are sent in from stools. They are even trying a ploces ranging from. Epping mould found alcoholics
living in the Forcat to the Malayan Jungle stomach of a Malayan <white Pamela is the first to study entered
worst
and
BALD MEN? NO
The difference in suscepti bility may be a matter of glands, of metabolism (the
► J
the low-elung, cogiare
persuade.
the addict to cocker spaniel, Alsatian, treatment, may be dim-leading in that order.
All three ore falling off internal chemical mechanism cult to keep him cured is very popular appeal of the body), or of both. much more so, for an addiet. Baldness, for instance, in cannot by the nature of his dicsense be a moderato drinker.
the
and
in
..
FAME BECKONS
an
in
op-
Is
drug
IN A grey stone house
of the quint coastal town
then
"Thoy might, 5 be out of luck Clevedon, Somerset, I found an
She grews them in bottles to unknowngirl who has been
se if they are active, ugainst for years. Or they might suc- Шуст
ceed tomorrow. Whichever way. exceptional Corals have beon Queen portunity of becoming a famous
aggit. goon-young" Pamela: Bard han uncommon in alcohol 12 he does not stop, drinking Elizabeth's favourite since scientist,
Twice in the last few months one of the most exciting and She is 20-year-old Famels hopes have run high in the important jobs in Britain. addlets, who usually have a completely he will certainly childhood. The first leap in the
-(London: Express Beruice) good growth of hair on the drink to excess before long breed's popularity dates from Boyd, a parteriologia working Clevedon laboratory.