the public that they are concerned citizens contributing actively to the welfare of the society. Community service and public speeches are powerful forms of public relations, and directors should accept invitations to write and speak on public platforms, and to serve on voluntary bodies in the community. Political decisions inevitably affect industry. Industrialists should have their own representatives to deal with the government and to protect their interests.
(3) Social responsibility Unemployment will create a lot of social problems. As a matter of social and moral responsibility, management should not use lay off as a means to cope with economic recessions. A business conducted solely for monetary gain is not ethical. A firm is part of society and should further the well-being of the whole community. The management has responsibilities for the welfare of its shareholders, employees, customers, as well as the society at large. Every industry has a social responsibility to the community. It is the duty of senior executives to fulfil this by contributing their skills and knowledge to public life. Politics is the concern of every member of society, and industrialists should participate actively in political discussions.
The general ideological orientation of the respondents can be measured by the total distribution of their choices among the three ideological clusters. As Table 1 shows, most of the cotton spinners did not regard themselves as pure economic men. They did not advocate unrestrained competition or a single-minded pursuit of profit. Similar to Nichols' sample of British Industrialists,2 their preoccupation was the long term benefits of their enterprises. This tendency emerges more clearly if we consider the pattern of non-selection. Only one respondent out of 35 failed to choose any of the statements representing long range interest, while the corresponding numbers for social responsibility and laissez-faire statements were ten and sixteen respectively. But these are only gross distributions of ideological choices. It is possible that the attitudinal responses were made in a haphazard fashion without individual consistencies. In other words, ideological positions in the sense of organized patterns of attitudes might not exist. To settle this point, the data can be
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