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Defence Opens-Back Page
CHINA
No. 34875
Established 1845
TUESDAY, APRIL 24, 1951.
DULLES EXPLAINS
EXPLAINS The Arm of Of
HOW PACT WILL WORK Consultative Body To Be Created
Washington, Apr. 23.
Mr John Foster Dulles, President Truman's special envoy, said in an interview published here today that the proposed defence pact between the United States, Australia and New Zealand con- templated the setting up of a consultative body on which the three countries would be represented.
Mr Dulles, in a copyrighted interview with the United States and World Report, an independent weekly news magazine, said that the organisation would "discuss security as a matter of common concern."
*
He said it was not contemplat-
The Pacine policy outlined Truman would
that any American troops by President would be stationed in Australia | result in an American defended or New Zealand because there chain starting at the Aleutians, were other places from which running through Japan and the
down to they could more effectively pro-Ryukyus, and tees the two Dominions.
Philippines, Australia and New
"The primary security value Zealand. in the arrangement is that 1! makes clear that the deterrent striking power
the
Mr Dulles said that while
not na United the arrangement was of the States would be brought instant- tight
North Atlantic as the
an
this
ly into play if there should be an Treaty, it was a very substan
or Newtial step toward a solld, mutual- attack upon Australia Zealand," Mr Dulles said.
ly defended position off-shore island chain.
Mr Dulles said, "Nobody wants Japan again to be great milliary nation."
"That deterren! striking power, to be effective, does not have to be located in the particular area that you intend to provide security. It may be located any- where."
Mr Dulles said he thought that the proposed treaty was a dente contribution to an early Japanese pence treaty beenuse it should
remove the fears of and New Zealand about ormed Japan.
INTERLOCKING
Australia
#
He believed that way to as- sure that was to develop a con- cept of collective security.
Under this arrangement cach nation would make some appre- printe contribution to the total, but no one nation would have enough so that it alone could be an offensive mentee to another. Referring to differences with Formosa and the Mr Dulles said that the con-Britain over
of Communist templated pacis with Japan participation and with
Australia and New China in the Japanese peace ons Mr. Dulles Zealand, and the existing treaty negotiations, agreement with the Philippines,wald he felt that the overriding would Interlock "and might importance of concluding an eventually be telescoped into carly treaty would compel both one."
(Continued on Page 10 Col. 7)
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The Arm UN Troops Make What The
The Law
The arm of the law weighs down on the head of a demonstrator who got a little too excited outside Old Balley court, London, last week. He was one of a great crowd, mostly dockers, which massed outside the court for what was expected to be the last day of the trial of seven dockers accused of Inciting strikers. The seven men were eventually released when the jury could not agree on a verdict.-AP Picture.
Meat-Hungry
Britons Soon To Have Plenty
A Methodical
Withdrawal
CHINESE
COMMUNISTS
LOSE HEAVILY
Tokyo, Apr. 24.
United Nations troops methodically retired 15 miles to positions on the south bank of the Hantan River in West Central Korea yesterday (Monday) as the Chinese and Korean Reds pressed a heavy offensive.
At "undisclosed points on the 100-mile wide war front, withdrawals of six and more miles were made, all in orderly-and at sore spots even leisurely fashion."
"We did not lose a vehicle; we did not lose a gun," one Allied officer' exulted.
"It was rough, but it was not too bad,” one soldier said of the rearguard action that held the Reds off.
"I don't think they are going to get past us this time.”
The deepest reported withdrawal was southward from positions the US Eighth Army had held last week before the big Red base of Chorwon, 18 miles inside North Korea.
A military source Headquarters gave the and six-mile figures. Army Headquarters
at
:
Tokyo dinner 12 turkeys and four it became clear that a serious 15-mile chickens, These were lying al-enemy attack had developed.
A Eighth ready cooked in the field kit-
moriar bomb dropped censors chens last night when the Com- through the cook-house tent upon a carefully prepared Cooks' went into line when | dinner.-Reuler.
deleted milenge references from munist altack began.
fold dispatches, but sources there agreed the 15-mile figure was "realistic."
At some places the charging Reds were just south of the 38th Parallel, the old boundary of North and South Korea.
Thousands of Chinese and North Koreans fell before the Eighth Army infantry and under incessant Allied air strikes and thunderous artillery. bombard- ments.
third
Communists did not support their ground forces with
The
thus far
International Red Army
In Manchuria, Report
•
Latest A-Bomb Looks Like
Now York, Apr. 23. The 1951 atom bomb model resembles a big hot- water tank with a rounded nose, the Look magazine said today in a copy right- ed article.
The illustrated prticle said, "A completely assembled bomb is an ugly thing like nothing else on earth. Men In the bom- bardment squadron call it the: shing' or the panic', the 'ostrich cgg* or just the bomb.' They cart drop it with astonishing Bccuracy."
The current version of the
20 feet long, nine or, 10 feet in diameter, weighs *10,000 ex- plode 40 seconds after it Is dropped from a bomber.
bomb, the story said, is about
pounds one can be set to
The articles said the butt of the bomb tapars but ends in a; flat disc surrounded by fins, Ad cylinder, no bigger than. "your" grandmother's umbrella stand," ls attached to the flat butt.. Is this which holds split-second explosion times,
The Magazine quoted Major General Roscoe Wilson, deputy Chief of Staf on Operations for atomic energy: "I believe it. is high time that some of the ridiculous stories circulated about the A-bomb be killect I've even heard that hundreds of thousands of American
peo- ple fearfully believe that "A
enemy agent could board Hoboken ferry toling the bomb in a zipper bag and blow Man- hattan clear into Brooklyn"
The Atomic Energy Commis- sion said in a statement today that the "writer of the ar- Licle in the current issue of the Look Magazine did not the actual atomle weapon and the Air Force has assured the Atomic Energy Commission did not seo a that the writer
the atomic testation of weapon."--United Press...
NEW ZEALAND EARTHQUAKE
Eleven Communist nations are reported to Those who fell were replaced have contributed towards the formation of a Far Buenos Aires, Apr. 23. by other thousands of bugle East, International Red Army based in Manchuria.
blowing Reds, drawn from Thousands of tons of meat, including a force as the Com-Organised earlier this year, this new force is be- best quality chilled beef, will be on the way munist drive rolled into its lieved to be ready to take part in the fighting in
day today (Tuesday). Korea. to Britain as soon as the result of a new
Anglo- Argentine power, and there was a trade pact annoticeable lack of Red tanks nounced here today. Associated Press correspon~
Auckland, Apr, 23. A series of earthquake top- dent Robert Eunson reported
und
shook Mr John Edwards, Econo- from Eighth Army Headquarters other "volunteers" joining the Chinese Communists and pled chimneys
the Communists hud
crockery off shelves-in-the mic Secretary to the British that
Poverty Bay and Northern crashed to the
at parallel Treasury, and the Argentine veral points on the blazing The new force appears to be brought into being with Kuren-Hawkes Bay districts of New
Zealand's North Island today. authorities announced can-Western and central sectors.
the Communist equivalent of kov taking up command on jaho combined armies of the February 28, Mao Tse-tung and The tremors lasted about two clusion of the agreement.
Chinese United Nations. Reporting its other
Communist minutes at 7 p.m. (local time). swaying motion, which endret countries, in a sharp jolt. Many people rushed from their homes into the streets.
Three Fronts In Asia
PREOCCUPATION with Korea' has
tended to obscure the fact that the battle against Communist expansion in Asia is being waged on two other fronts as well, in Indo-China and Malaya, and that these fronts are interdependent in so far as the Communists engaged on them are being supplied from the same sources namely, Communist China and Soviet Russia. For that reason, success or failure of the resistance forces on one front is likely to produce a corresponding decrease or increase of .Communist pressure on the other fronts.
By the some token, all the resistance" forces on all three fronts, whether they be the United Nations forces in Korea, or the French-Vietnamese forces in the British forces in Indo-China, or Malaya, are in effect fighting the same fight and thereby helping one another. This interrelationship is clearly illustrated by the course of events in Indo-China and Korea. At the time when the North Korean Communists alone were still able to confine the United Nations forces within' a small perimeter at the southern tip of the peninsula, the Indo-Chinese Communists prepared and then launched, with the aid of the Chinese Communists, a major offensive which had an alarming initial- success. Then, however, came the UN counter-offensive, beginning with the landing at Inchon, which doomed the North Koreans and apparently prompted the Chinese Communists to speed up
sald:
WELL PREPARED
not
Lieut-General James Van Fleet, the new Commander of the US Eighth Army, is thought to have been referring | to this new Red fighting force when he told correspondents at his first press conference on Sunday that he envisaged
North Koreana in the latest offensive. ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄
State Radio,it had been when the
Chinese c
(1) Britain, during the next 12 monthe, will receive 200,000 tons of chilled and frozen meat, including offal, and 30,000 tons
southward in
Only alight tremors were felt at Auckland, and the
centre
It was being initialled later However, he said the battle-formation the Hongkong Chinese leaders, as well as officials from There was an almost continuous
Sinwen Tient (News other Iron Curtain today.
wise Eighth Army was
said it is made up of few
of flew to Mukden for the cere. Neither side gave details but threatened with annihilation as
Russians,
No ih mony. A flag bearing 11 yellow the Argentine
their Koreans, Outer Mongoli ins, stars on a red ground was pre-
Hungarians, brondessting what it called the plunged
Czechs, sented to the new army from Lithuanians, Latvians and the Executive Committee of the main points of the agreement, November and New Year's Eve Polos,
offensives.
of the disturbance was thought The Allles were well prepared Estonians, as well as Japanese Communias International,
to be near Tikitiki and Teararoa, Kuranitov's responsibility, two small seillements In the to meet the present Communist soldiers taken prisoner by the began Sunday Russians at the end of World
is said, is not only concerned. East. Cupo region. assaults which night after
Three distinct shocks were expected for War IL being
with direction of the fighting in. The Commander-in-Chief is Korea but also includes the de- felt in Whakatane (Bay of weeks, Eunson said. If necessary of tinned meat at prices rang- they the way
were In position to fall the Russian Marshal Kurenkov, fence of Manchuria and the or- Plenty) but there Eng between £118 and £145 a to make a stand, he sold who formally assumed command ganisation of a force for the in- reports of damage
ald. on February 28 and set up his vasion of Japan, if necessary. Router, ACTOSS The Han meanders
and
Western Korea general headquarters in Mak
den. His two deputies are of the
Russian, Lieut-General Kerevy- anko, and Chinese, General Feng
Tch-huel, who is deputy of the his Commander-in-Chief
too.
(Argentine shipments suspended last July when
preparations for their later intervention. In consequence, their aid to the Indo- Chinese Communists began to decrease, the offensive of the latter began to slacken, and the threat of the Chinese Communist armies poised on the Indo- Chinese frontier began to fade. Now the tremendous Chinese Communist. losses in Korea, together with the offen- sive spirit displayed by the new French commander, General de Lattre; the increased American aid to his forces, and the United Nations offensive in Korea, seem to have persuaded Ho Chi minh, the Indo-Chinese Communist chieftain, that he has little hope of major
Chinese assistance, und accordingly he seems to be returning to guerilla warfare. Thus, while the shift of Peking's military effort toward Korea has complicated the task of the United Nations in that country, it has relieved other points of Communist pressure in Asia, where the fighting has gone on for a far longer period than in Korea. This suggests again that Chinese Communist resources limited. It also suggests that any easing up of the free world's presauro the Chinese Communists in one apot
would only precipitate new Chinese Communist-attacks-in-another-qually spot. In these circumstances les the justification of the United Nations effort to pin the Chinese Communists down in Korea until they are willing to talk real peace,
оп
Something To Bear In Mind
NENATOR Magnuson, has come to Hongkong, he says, to gather facts about our alleged trading in strategic materials with Communist China, We do not resent his presence, but we trust the Sonator will approach his mission objectively and will not start off influenced and prejudiced by the many distorted and unrealistic reporta which have appeared in the American press of recent mouths. The, Senator will, find there are many dependable sources of information In the Colony whose facts and figures can be accepted as authoritativo. But while he is probing our trade: contacts with the Chinese. mainland-wo would also commend to his attention the essential needs of
are
Hongkong, notably in the way of raw materials for our post-war industries. The American restrictions are doing far more injury.to the Colony's internal oconomy than to any trade with China because our requirements are genuine. Senator Magnuson has the welfare of Chinese DPs at heart. He may be interested to know that our factories are creating employment for thousands of those DPs, and that their livelihoodi is now being gravely threatened by the! American embargo. The Senator will be able to satisfy himself on this point during his investigations, and it in urged that he bears 36 In mind when he returns to the United States to make i this rep
back
to the Hun
were Cen 30 miles south
Ar- roughly Renting rejected a British offer utenant-General James A. of a price of £00),
Van Fleet, Commander of the Britain will also buy any Eighth Army, reported in other meat Argentina has
to regular headquarters commun!- Chinese Red Army, offer during the
next 12 que last night that 2,005 Reds
General Lim Plao, commander months,
were killed or wounded on
Communist 4th Field Army, is reported having been assigned the role of chief field commander in Korea. The strength of the Far East International Red Army is re
to consist of 12 Chinese
three North Korean armica, With British Troops
and about 70,000 The new meat shipments compare with 300,000 tons an- Somewhere In Korea, Apr, 28. Japanese, making a total of well provided for in the Northumberland Fusiliers over a half million men. Four, original five-year agreement of went into battle wearing-red-Russian divisions form June, 1949.
But the smaller and white roses in their caps reservo, it is said, while other Iron Curtain nationals reported quantity includes chilled beer, for St George's Day. which Argentina has not sent The Fusiliers figured in some to be included in the force are of the hottest fighting of last employed in armoured units, Today's pact was announced night and today. They drove cavalry, artillery and other sup- jointly by Mr Edwards and the off attack after attack which porting services.
(2) Argentina will receive, Sunday. Most of these apparently of the Chinese among other goods, 4,000,000 were casualdes inflicted before tons of crude petroleum
the Reds Jumped off Sunday and night in their big spring drive fuel oil, 40,000 cubic metres of Associated Press. petroleum by-products, 500,000 tom my of coal and 27,000 tons of tin-plate.
Britain since 1939.
ROSES IN CAPS
Prepeal to Today as a 12-month) the Cantmunists supported with
of Argentina's claims even dealt with those this
her Storling balances
the
army groups,
tho
AIR FORCE
Marshal Kurenkov's command,
to the 1949 agreement, heavy and accurate mortar are. Its financial provisions, accord- As the Chinese Communists ing to the Argentino Radio, swarmed towards them include arrangements for the Fuclliers shot them down by the it is reported, also extends over an air force comprising five air transfer of accumulated profits hundreds. and dividends accruing to Ster
One Fusiller, a veteran of the groups, including a group of jet planes manned exclusively by Ting Investments in Argentina. Western Desort, said, "It was Russians, and a navy consisting
Britain will pay Argentina worse than Alamein. They of one cruiser, three destroyers £10,500,000 as a final settlement throw everything at us except 80 submarines and, about Bo
dragons but - wo could have other ships of various tyƊos,
It is reported that the forma- a will also
The Fusiliers, commanded by tion of the Far East Interná-- Credit limited
facilities and receive a lump sum of £6,250,000 Colonel Kingsley Foster, after tional Red Army, followed a to cover adjustments on prices last night's hard fighting, this series of conferences held be of meat shipped from July 1 morning stuck in their capa tween September last year and 1949, until, allomente were sur, frosh roses vižlch had been Tebruary this year. Strong pended on July 21, 1950. ad down over from
of St have boon raised against to zivo, all possible faclifies for Caeorge's Day, FLAT SAN
But there war an angry force original Russion proposal that thejus continuando? of a twojoweg
the force should come under of NorthumberlaKEN-LINE PRÈS- Co Bovistar.ast Command or Roberto Ares of the Arrenca home counter in Siberia,
of the Pour tool. The restORT
*
Both Governments: undertake day, they shakyään for the Chinoso, objections, wore said, to
the
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there.---
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