'flower'

145

/f-/

花 fal

/m-/

E maengl

'late'

/t-/

東 tungl

'east'

パピーノ

t'ik3

'iron'

/s-/

四 sil

'four'

/n-/

怒 nu4

/ty-

醉 tyoyl

/ty-

ty'iw2

/y-/

有 yawl

/k-/

傑 kik4

'anger' 'drunk'

'tide'

'to have'

'remarkable'

/k-/

鹟 k ́ung2

'poor'

/h-/

靴 höl

'boots'

/ng-/

E ngaeng4

'hard'

/kw-/

*kwungl

'pole'

/kw'-/

/w-/

/1-/

*kw'ay2

wang2

林 lam2

2. Initials, comparisons with SC.

'a flowery plant' 'cloud'

'the surname Lam'

KHW appears a little more conservative than SC in that it does not show the merger of /n-/ and /l-/, recently implemented in SC (at least its Hongkong variety): nu4 'anger' is kept distinct from lu4 'road', ✯ nü3 'female' from naeng2 'difficult' from laeng2 ‘orchid', etc. nak4 'history', has /n-/ where /l-/ should be expected on etymological grounds.

One character, surname Lü',

In another set of correspondences, SC appears to be more conservative than KHW: all words with SC initials /k-/, /h-/ and the 'zero initial' have had these changed to KHW /kw-/ /f-/ (from a former *hw-) and /w-/ respectively, when combining with the SC finals /-oi/, /-on/, /-ot/, as a result of the raising of these finals to KHW /-uy/, /-ung/, /-uk/ (the change in final consonants occurred independently and need not concern us here):

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