22 Aust
nd.
Ama Ke
Pasir
port s
SINGAPORE TOWN:
ulao Bran
Blakang
INA MAIL SATURDAY NOVEMBER 1, 960.
MR WINSTON CHURCHILL'S FOURTHTM "BOOK OF MEMOIRS OF THE SECOND, WORLD WAR, ENTITLED "THE HINGE OF FATE, STARTED IN THE CHINA MAIL, ON WEDNESDAY OF THIS WEEK. IN THIS, THE FOURTH CHAP- TER, HE DESCRIBES THE TERRIBLE TRIALS FACING BOTH THE FIGHTING SERVICES AND THE CIVILIAN POPU LATION ON SINGAPORE ISLAND UNDER JAPANESE ATTACK, AND THE BACKGROUND LEADING TO THE SURRENDER OF THE FORTRESS.
Inforcements to Rangoon, and how I did not press this point
16 Feb., 42. So long as you are in position to inflict losses and damage to
and your onemy
troops are of doing so physically capable you must fight on. Time ginn- rd and damage to enemy are of vital importance at this crisis. When you fully satisfied that this is no longer possible to cease I give you discretion General resistance.
of view. When all our hearts hardened on fighting it out at of Singapore, the only chance success, and indeed of gaining time, which was all we could hope for, was to give impera- tive ordern to fight in despera tion to the end.
These orders were accepted arl endorsed by
LEFT: Positions of attacking and defending forces on Singapore Island.
TRAGEDY AT SINGAPORE: DECISION TO SURRENDER
damage and Wavell, who,
is interested
T home we no longer lack of suffelent training in I have felt that it is my duty to sale for extensive
nursed illusions about some of reinforcing troops and bring this to notice of General heavy casualties which will oc-
Interiority complex which bold OMeer Commanding. the protracted de-
and skilful Japanese tactics and Fence of Singapore. The their command of the air have only question was how long. caused. The Chiefs of Staff had as early as Jan. 21 been con- cerned about demolitions, and had cabled Gen.
Per- ival to make sure that er here should be no failure I have given the mosi categori-
Everything possible is being one to produce [a] mees of fensive spirit and opi-istic
General Wavell to look, but I cannot pretend these efforts have been ely successful vs is date.
cal orders that there is to be and no thought of surrender that all troops are to continue nghting to the end.
טן ר
ате
Before doing so all arms, equipment and transport of value to enemy must of course be rendered useless. Also just before final cessation of fight- ing opportunity should be given to anyviduals to
bodies of try and effect escape by any means possible. They must be armed. Inform me of '[your] Intentions, Whatever happens I thank you and all troops for your gallant efforts of last few days.
men or
Sunday, Feb, 15, was the day of the capitulation. Military food reserves were, now report- ed as reduced to a few days, gun ammunition Was very there was practically no
as the telegrams of left for vehicles. Worst
the
was
show, put the utmost pressure
ali, cur in Singapore town. As Em- on General Percival. It is al-
water supply following
last Iways right that whatever may expected to telegrams pire overseas The
only another General passed between Generals Wavell feel bound to represent their be the doubts at the summit of 24 hours.
Percival his senior com- and Percival, though
war direction the general,on theso views.
was advised by now manders that of the two alter- There must come a stage the spot should have no know- were not received in London till
and should re-. natives, counter-attack OF SUT- I asked for them some weeks when in the Interests of the ledge of them later.
which are render, the first was beyond troops and civil population fur- celve Instructions
simple and plain. But bloodshed will
now the capacity of the exhausted ther
serve no u
It certain useful purpose,
that all troops. He decided upon capitu- when Your instruc
WDE
was lotion. tions of Feb. 10 ore being car was lost at Singapore I
sure it would be wrong to en- ried out, but in above circum force needless slaughter, and stances would consider without hope of victory to in- giving me wider discretionary flict the horrors of street fight- powers?
ing on the vast city, with its Leeming
Percival.
General
to
But
to
you
Close to town
and helpless,
From Roosevelt General Percival sent his last tragic telegram to General cuemy action,
panic-stricken population. now Wavell: Owing to losses from
to
13 Feb., '42. You must all fight it out in Singapore "should the
the end as you are doing. worst come to the worse."
when everything humanly pos- sible has been done some bold "You should," they said,
I do not think that Percival and determined personnel may ensure that nothing which
water, petrol, has the number of troops at his be able to escape by small craft
I told General Brooke where tood, and ammunition
pracll- ould possibly be of any use
their way south disposal that you
mention. I and And
General Wavell to Generat stood, and found that he also
finished. Unable cany
there- the enemy is omitted do not think that he has more
felt that we should put no more fore Sumatra through the islands.
the Oght any Percival.
continue All rom the Feneral worshole than
sure from home upon Gen- longer. pressure
runks have done thousand at the Any such small craft with sand- and mounting
14 Feb., 42. eral Wavell, and should au- ile should however have bag protection
their Erth scheme."
best and are grateful for They also most.
quite enough
automatic to deal with an
or small gun You must continue to inflict thorise him to take the inevit- your help. The Japanese de poke of destroying ammu enemy who have landed if the such as two-pounder would be maximum domage on enemy able decision, for which, by
troops can be made to act with valuable
in defending for long as
Hostilities possible by this telegram, we should share ditional surrender. house-to-house fighting it the responsibility.
closed at 8.30 p.in. sufficient vigour and determina- Sumatra rivers.
In this dark moment it won Prime Minister to Generala comfort to receive the follow-
*Waneti.
ing message from our greatest Ally:
President to. Former Naval |
Person.
ition.
the
enemy.
tion.
One of three aerodromes [13]
northern
now
in hands of enemy, and other two under shell-fire and out-of use. Remaining aerodrome in south of island has been reduced by constant bombing to extremely limited use,
also
Within
range
General Percival to Generas
Wavell
$0
necessary.
Your
action tying down enemy and infleting casualties may have vital in fluence in other theatres. Fully appreciate your situation, but continued action essential.
Wavell now sent me the fol. which seemed lowing message, conclusive:
14 Feb., 42. You are of course sole judge of the moment when no further result can be gained at Singa- 13 Feb., *42. Enemy
pore, and should instruct how within 5,000
Per yards of sea-front, which
cival accordingly. C.LGS. con- While returning from Singe brings whole of Singapore town pore I fell from quay in dark within field artillery range. We
two small are have broken
also in danger of being
General Waveli fo Prime
Minister.
I commented on this corres- ondence on Jan. 31 that "the bvious methods in to fire mmunition at the hould evacuation become in- table, which is by no means mitted, there will be two or ree days to do this....
[The Japanese made a land- 3g in the north-west of the land on Feb, 8, and captured engah aerodrome. Two days and ter Mr Churchill sent the bones in back. Damage not driven off water and food sup-
lowing message to Gen. serious, but I shall be in hos- plies. In opinion of comman Have received telegram from avell].
pital for few days and some-ders troops already committed Percival that enemy are close to what crippled for two or three are too exhausted either to town and that his troops are in- I think you ought to realise weeks probably.
withstand strong attack or to capable of further counter way wo view the Bitua-
launch counter-attack. We attack. Have ordered him to
the chance of initiating an of-
mage to enemy by house-to- fighting it necessary. but Fear however that resistance
物
on in Blogapore. It was re-
rted to the Cabinet by the
0
whole Malay
peninsula,
ely
14 Feb., '42.
Last voyage would all earnestly welcome continue inflict maximum da-
could
In desperation
curs.
Capitulation
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manded and received con PLACE YOUR ORDER EARLY!
-10, Feb:42---- I realise how
the fall of Singapore has affected you and the British people. It gives the well-known back-seat driver Held day, but no matter how serious our set-backs have been --and I do not for..
look
A
to the
шолу
TheCommander. in Chlef thereupon issued the orders to General Percival 'contained in next moves
"need to be this telegram to me.
made to hit you will be the enemy. I hope of good heart in General Wavell to Prime these frying weeks, because
Minister:
am very are, that you have the LGS, that Percival has over
15 Feb. 42. -- great confidence the prepared fensive, even though this would house
of masses
the On the 13th, 0,000 men, of whom 33,000
scheme for evacunting to Java only amount to u gesture,
Have bad two telegrams from of the British people. I want. British and 17,000 Aus.
is not possible, as not likely to be very prolonged. Percival in last 48 hours indi- you to know that I think of alian. It is doubtful whether by sea some 8,000 nominated even this
cating that due to shortage of you atten, and I know you will Japanese have as many in individuals was put into effect. there are no troops who
water in Those
the town and other not hesitate to ask me if there ordered to go included carry out this attack.
difficulties his powers resis is anything you think, I can five divisions for- köy men, technicians, surplus In these conditions it is unlike
Lance are now much diminished, do...Do: let me hear and a sixth coming up.
officers, nurses and staff
otheru
ly that resistance can last more
The reader will recall On both occasions
have
ordered you. these
circumstancos
de-
of than a day or two. My subor my whose services would be
minute to the Chiefs him to fight on to the last. 1 Mers must greatly out special value for the prosecu dinate commanders
Staff are unant of
21 of. Jan. about have now sent him following: mbor Japanese force whetion.
of the war. With them mously of the opinion that the tbandoning the defance ot General Wavell to Generat VO crossed the straits, and ent Air Vice-Marshal Pulford
and Kord gain of time will not compen Singapore diverting
Percival. they who had com
Spooner, and Rear-Admiral
commanded air and naval forces in the fortress. It There must at this stage, bo was their last voyage. A Ja-
thought of saving the troop, panese
naval force escorting sparing the population, the expedition against Sumatra e battle must be fought to fell upon them. Of about 80 bitter end at all rests. Th. The phirs of all kinds which Division has a chance to set out from Singapore on this ke Its name in history, and the following day, almost mmanders and senior of all were lost or captured by the
should die with their
a well-contested battle ould destroy them.
ops.
,
The honour of the tish Empire and of the Bri
Army is at stake, I rely you to show no mercy to akucas in any form. With the Re
he Russians
மம்
enemy.
The principal fighting on the 14th was in the southern sector.
SIX MRS
TC-
MOPPS
A WAY FOR
London, Oct. 27.
ARLIAMENT met yes-
terday. Well, what's form, dwarfed about that? In fact, a the arch..
WorldCopricht. reserved. Reproduction, aben partially, fa any language; strictly prohibited:
| (MORE TOMORROW)
SWEEP
THE KING
By WILLIAM BARKLEY
Im
at
NIGHLAND QUEEN
1:2
Earlier, the Comidors”imét for the best me in their naw Chamber where Mr Speaker
"In all humbleness his Royal sald:
heart I pray, maygAlmighty, They backed from the pre- God bless our home!!!
A great day för Mr Speaker, MAGDONALD In the darkest years. of the wor
at the base of accommodation
Palace. Brown,
on cach side of the Bukit Timah road, where 'our troops were forced back to what prov most unusual occurrence. Colonel Clifton fighting ed
be their final line. Condi- Properly considered Parlia- Speaker of the House of Com-sance perilous operation go are and the Americans tlons in the city of Singapore ment is a trinity of King, mons, had led in his procession . downstairs backwards. The. stubborn at Luzon, the were now shocking. Civil
reputation of our country bour had collapsed, failure of Lords, and Commons, and of Empire Speakers. Lord Lord Chancellor essayed but he had three wishes to switch
bected
प
our race is involved. It is the water-supply seemed im rarely the three do meet.
that every unit will minent, and reserves of food and trought into close contact ammunition for the troops had
I feel sure these words loss of depots
and
ördas: your own feeling,
hands.
ly send them to you in or
to share your burdens.
of
now in
the
whole
Our faith
1
have
and en Big Ben's lantern, to lead Jowitt, Lord Chancellor, had one step before bowing.
turning about to walk to his victory procession to St Mar followed with his monks of
garet's, and to take the chan They met
sent, within the 880. eminerices.
mastered four in the rebuilt House the enemy and fight I been seriously depleted by the year-old walls
Mr Speaker and beneath. A dozen trumpeters in yellow dawn-back steps before turn- 19-arched
The 550-year-old uniforms
kid fairles in enemy the
and black jockey Ing. roof of that Lamed West-
granted him all three. caya sounded a short fanfura By this time the programme minster Hall, of which, when from a side fullery.
Party leaders made appro organised demolitions had
Westminister
Six Mrs Moppa gave a homin
priate speeches. Mr. Churchill been put in hand. The guns of Palace was ablaze in 1834, the ly touch, sweeping a path the
with that unfailing ability to the fixed defences
mob with true instinct shouted. Bull
Talzo
Yaugti without loss of all Held and anti-aircraft guns
Jength
"There has been some Vevell reported on his visit were destroyed, together with unhopeful terms
* pecca SARKAR 3 and docu-
and to the world of our faith, in change in the seating arrange- petrol and secular history. It made now: Queen, with the Princesses freedom, our 'confidence ments. To the best of my mera Wabell 10 Prime aircraft bombs were bundan history yesterday, for Speakers Queen Marsi, and otherz, paced the permanence af pulse com recollection I used to sit there e confusion aroma nd representatives of 30 free between, ranks of 1,700-peere, tots Ideals and of the tick to the Prime Minister's place.
-pointing across the now tabie the Empire Partioniert were there. MFS arid cuesta, men how together the peoples
yet arm which hold the Empire women curlaying
Wavell reports
Finisjar.
blown
Aviation
fost.
to, the
Chamber would stand "as a siga
Bald that the now around" marked, on look
and nearly "Save-the -Hall."-- ́All' else was Noor for the of the carpeted. The King, replying
party...
...whe Addresses, Redatoly the
too,
Is the shrine of our
refurbed today from 8:34 lagued, he fpating dock was parlement arst met then.
orders were sapare freediven sunk and the calsson and pump-kur proud day raid, the
just before the machinery of Upgraving
long-dock destroyed, udhluch else King, "when We Welcome, theac representatives to the cradle of
eti shut the dovernor, in thaitul plans walet. In our fatitution
Kink Ines of your sfeld- but fo
speak
to a long fanfare. Klag
On the knees
دارد.
Sword and pon
For Commonwealth, and unita brotherhood the freedom Ipving proplan of all nations. The doubled reporters" gal- huld Emeline American, and The occasion the analog Not for us the allence of ery for the first time in history Over. George hadeerisen to Chamber with a royal blesting perished, but the voice of
of the new Cominoiz suppression
other foreign newspaper men. other places liberty The reporters for the Arab from a gold and scarletre The King replica to Addresses
and probably last time wer is still heard present by the true democracy
Normally atopa at auth;
among all our peoples, add in the doors are not thrown
. chan the, Speaker, for
Mo all those who love to them until after prayers." Lamidonger,
Sp balleve in the unfettered Like
the M.P
turned go expresaich of honest opinions, backs on the chaplain na home Adders generally
noble aspirations and sincere he prayed they because in merden era une familla human feelings”
bad
naw Ting
former times they knelt on the benches to avoid tripping over
Onti!
Closely invested and were had the equuti Sad, Lord Chanced of, for the Lord, cha
is hol
thin day the Governomor of the vall Fapanedo, with the "Straits, Dettlement reported Infiltration – ingties, are to the Colonfal. Omce; on" much more rapidly Chptral Officer Commanding
counter;
*
and
hould in west gat informs me that Singapore On an identical chair at his words
deed devivalmi to City new clorety Invested did at Queen Kilmabeth, spoken by more black-and-gold-
All There STOWEN am, people radiant ln ent within fadlus if three miles, pakle of lawele, & queen officers lost Crecious Malaty
aliver-blue, and robed digatteries to the Khi's Bless our home": supplies
badly de
The backoloth was burd we your injuries moet dustuk Then
red
and andikely Vovel inced With Hold Mung and
Hung and loyal, subjects
theb: 21 hours Mang dead with be coreliance Allog the ment assembled, floriously lie a voluntary as sale or pur, Indibile band of the Royal Horse Guards becke, doubtloss, lent we shoul Ph he streetaz and burry tovarlar. Bouchrohibahen down on the knees be royale
stalwart halberdiere, ifore this Majesty i want? the Ford theipatepay through the "bowDIN
Gunfd) (Beef
Kidanking" the Kink25% 7
privation IWANT
ich mort
WHISKY
Queen Scots
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HIGHLAND QUEEN
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