THE CHINA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1950.
Shift in Commonwealth Convoy in French manoeuvres
relationship noted by
U.S. foreign affairs group
Discussions on Lie's
successor
Lake Success, October 9, The United Nations Security Coynell met in private teday to discuss a successor to the Scere- lary General, Mr. Trygve Lie, when Mr. Lic's ́terni" expires next year.
Informed sources said the So-
a
Washington, October 9.
American overseas affairs oxperts consider that there has been a`shift from the traditional pattern of Britain's dominanco in the British Commonwealth to a more equalitarian shar- ing of responsibilities.
In a report issued today, they add that the obvious limitations of Commonwealth resources had brought about dependence on the United States to a degree never before experienced, The report, issued by a private group of American overseas affairs experts, the Foreign Policy Association, was written by Dr. Gwendolyn Carter, of Smith College, Massachusetts.
It said, "With all the ties and attitudes which are increas- that exist to hold Common-ingly important for an informed
view of world affairs. viet delegate, Mr. Jacob Malik, wealth countries together, no today objected in principle to one can deny the seriousness suggested compromise, plan which of the tensions which divides some of these countries, nota- bly the Asian Domini¬ns from South Africa, and und Pakistan from each other.
would extend Mr. Lie's current five-year term, but Mr. Malik did not commit himself on whether he would agree to a full Ave- year second terin.
The feeling here for months has been that the East and West are unlikely to agree on anyone else at least at this stage of the cold war-as Secretary General.
The expectation that Russla might veto Mr. Lie's re-election arose after Mr. Lie threw his weight behind the United Na- tions' action to repel the North Korean invaders.
that he had incurred
|
"For these disputes, The_remain- Ing countries of the Common- wealth have no solution, steeped as they are in a long tradition of non-interference in each other's affairs.
The Asian Dominions are de termined to fight against raclul discrimination wherever it may be found. South Africa offers, of course, classic example. Yet i la the country which, because of its peculiarly tangled racial pat- most dimcult to Before
tern; will find it overcome racial discrimination. considerable Sovlei favour and
Whether, in the
Jong run, the American disfavour-through his Commonwealth is flexible enough "peace" mission to the Big Four to contain countries so widely capitals. On that mission, he different in attitude, so wholly urged admission of Communist convinced of the rightness of their Chins to the United Nations as own approach to the particular the prelude to negotiations on problem, is one of the unsolved East-West differences at Secur-questions of Commonwealth rela-
tions." ity Councii incelings attended by chiefs of State dr Foreign Minis- The Commonwealth and the United States form the bulwark freedom throughout the world, the report said.
ters.
Mr.
|
of
on
Lic's term expires February 2, 1961. The Counci} hug scheduled another private meeting for Thursday on the problem of filling the post after that date.
Russian silent
Sources sald after today's meeting that Mr. Mallk had refused to be drawn out on whether ho would veto
Mr. Lis's re-election. He did say, though, there are other candi dates.
None of the previous presidents of the regular General Assembly would
appear to have much chance of obtaining unanimous approval. They include Mr..Paul Henri Spack of Belglum, Senhor Oswaldo Aranha of Brazil, Dr. Herbert Evatt of Australia, Mr. Carlos Romulo of the Philippines. The current President is Mr. Nasrollah Entezam of Iran.
Some officials, speculating on what might happen if there is an impasse, discussed Sir Rama- swami Mudaliar of India as a dark horse candidate who might be acceptable to both East and West. Sir Ramaswam! Is a high- ly-respected economist who was the first president of the Econo-
mic and Social Council.
up
Another name that care frequently was that of Mr. Gun- nar Myrdal of Sweden, head of the UN Economic Commission for Europe and author of a mental study of the American negro problem, "The American Dilemma."
monu-
Some Latin delegates have in formally suggested Senor Padilla Nervo, chlef Mexican delegate, who last year turned down an offer to hend the Unf Nations Commission entrusted quid- ing the former Italian è >of Libyr to independence. „nited Press.
Peking silent
on Korea
Peking, October 0. *The Chinese Government maintained rigid silence over the latest phase of the Korean War today, nearly 48 hours after General MacArthur or- derdd ils forces to cross the the 38th Parallel, reports M. Siyaram, Press Trust of In- din correspondent.
But, it added, the future of Japan was a potential cause of dissent between the United States and certain. Commonwealth coun- trics.
Changed in character
of
The Commonwealth had bean strengthened, and changed in character #inco the and World War II by the addition of India and Pakistan to the group, the report said. ALD result of their membership, the "British Commonwealth" WHE no longer "British".
"The Aslan Dominions afford the other Commonwealth mem- bers an insight into new issues
Nehru's
"Strategically, the Aslan Do- minions occupy a key position in the Indian Ocean, traditionally a British security zone," the report continues,
"In general, relations between the United States and the indivi- dual countries of the Common- wealth bear a marked resem- blance to relations between Bri- tain and the Dominions in an carlier period,
Common interest
"There is the same sonso of common interest but also tou.
chiness about interference. There is the same recognition that the relationship provides significant dividende, but also the fear that
it
involves commitments in a worldwide strategy to which at least the younger members of the Commonwealth are not yat prepared to commit themselves. The United Kingdom remains the only Great Power in the Com- moncalth, but its resources were seriously depleted by the vast sacrifices
War II.
demanded by World
"By contrast, the overseas parts of the Commonwealth Canada, Au Australia, New Zealand and South Africa-like the United States, Increased their industrial capacity and general prosperity to a strik- ing extent in the course of fur- thering their own remarkable war cfforts.
A military policeman directe a convey composed of tanks, trucks and light vehicles dur- ing the French Army manoeuvres in the Argonné region. The purpose of the three-day exer. cise was to test the efficiency of a highly mobile type of division the French Army la trying to develop Assoolated Press Photo.
Deportation of Jews aired at Falkenhausen trial
Russians
target of Chiang
Taipeh, October 9, Generalissimo Chiang Kai- shek charged tonight that the Russions have taken complete control of China for use as a base for aggression against the whole world.
said the
The Generalissimo Reds plan to build up their arm- ed forces to at least 60,000,000
men to back up the Russians in a third world war.
In
+
statement issued for Thus, in every aspect of Com-
China's October 10. Independence, monwealth relations there has ne-
President Chlong reaffirmed the cessarily been a shift from the
Chinese Nationalists' determina- traditional pattern of the United tion to bold Formosa and even- Kingdom's dominance to a more tually to fight back to the Com- equalitarian sharing of respon-munist-held mainland. sibilities.
"At the same time, the obvious limitations of the resources of Commonwealth dountries have brought about dependence on the United States to a degree never before experienced," the report concludes, Reuter.
statement
reflects India's anxiety on Tibet
New Delhi, October 9.
India's anxiety regarding the future of Tibet- under threat of a Chinese invasion - was clearly reflected when Prime Minister Pandit. Nehru told a press conference recently that India had called the attention of the Peking government to the desirability of settling the Tibetan question peacefully.
Mr.
·
Nehru told newsmen that Sino-Tibetan talks may open here soon. "It is conceivable some preliminary talks may take place in New Delhi between the Chinese Ambassador and "a Tibetan delegation," the Prime Minister, said. He emphasised, "The matter is entirely be- tween Tibet and China. India is not directly concerned."
D
In Kalimpong, near the famous Indlan Himalayan station, Darjeeling, Tsepon Shakabpa, head of a six-man Tibetan delegation, told news agency reporten recently about the projected Sino- Tibetan talks at New Delhi;' and gave it as, his opinion that an agreement would be reach edi
Manas Barowar, Western Tibat, wald pilgrims had to answer, a number of questions satisfacto. rily, before being allowed to proceed. They had to return. from these · plačno; along `the same route they had followed to gat
there.
Travellers. returning to Almora Including Gyanima and Taklo- reported that all, trading centres,
kote, were filled. with Indian and Tibetan traders exchanging goods. Nearly 100,000 Indians in the
Shakabpa said. Tibet wanted continuance of its present rela-. tlons, with both China and India. Kumaon district, United Pro- He said the Sino-Tibetani talks. would include the "delicate ques
vinces, which has a common fron- tion of the suzerainty of
tier with Western Tibet are, de- over Tibet.
Or China
pendent on this trade, The trad Discussing Indo-Tibeton: rela-
Ing season in Tibef' lasts till
#illimida No hlar Derainage of the Peo-lons, Shakabpa said tha
October, S
visitors
ple's Government was.
sion prepared
conclu
of an agreement between
In Eastern Tibetoo
"to discuss, the Korean - situation Tibet and China would not alter today pre treated with more than
nor was it possible to obtain om- Indo-Tibetan relations. He said routine suspicion.
cial confirmation or:, denial of nende route from Gangtok 10. Kalimpong report that the Indu
Chindo Reople's Liberation Ans
The
the stallening of Indian troops on
Indian tr
travellers returning to persistant reports that units of the the
Army, Lhasa would continue under,
Tibetan-trade-
ide route from Gangiok, terms of the Indo-Tibetan
tan Trenty to Gyantse continues to be pro- Tibet
the fullest tected by Indian troops stallon
ed at Yalang and Gyantes. These
Sineluding: straps and confidence in
londe was
Korean
hehe Indiana
io, Tibetan authorities, fearful of the Com munist Ibreat to their mountain, land, are taking
according te reaching horos
beyond dyante uno in grested with great suspicion They re- ported that there is also Ker of Being “ Jahor
Recalling the Communist Presi. dent, Mao Tse-tung's recent state- ment that China must lean on Russia, Generalissimo
Chiang declared that a large numbers of Russians have taken control Di China's airfields, railways and mines.
He added, "Different levels of the puppet regime, the rank and. file of the Communist Party and the entire Communist Army are now under the strict control of Soviet Russia."
In a sinillar Independence Day spech. a year ago, Generalissimo Cang said, "The Russian mili- tists are already very active in
.another
world
anufacturified that charge
war." He
tonight, declaring that the recent treaty negotiated by Mao and the Soviet Premier, Josef Stalin, Included serrat clauses calling for the immediate hulld-up of China's army,
Red armed strength
Brussels, October 9.
The ninth session in the trial here of General Ernst Von Falkenhauson, wartime German Gover- nor of Belgium and Northern Franco, centrod on the deportation of Belgium Jews to con- centration camps in Germany.
The court's President, Judge Achille Marechal, told the Court that 90,000 Jews lived in Belgium before the war of whom 35,000 fled abroad at the outbreak of World War II.
Of the 25,000 Jews deported to German concentration camps only 1,276 returned to Belgium after the German surrender.
President Marechal stressed that the German anti-Jewish measures were carried out in two phases: first a preparatory phase, then the actual extermination.
President Marechal asked Von
Falkenhausen, "Don't you think these deportations were contrary to human rights "
Looking pale and weary, the 72-year-old accused replied, was a soldier. I had to execute the orders I received. I had not the right to discuss an order. AU I could do from time to time was to give on advice.” -2.
enemies of my country, including the resistance workers."
Concerning the actual deporta- ton of Jews, General Falken- housen said he had nothing to do with that measure.
"I have helped a lot of Belgian Jews", he added,
Interrogated by the. President, Von Falkenhausen's co-defendant in the trial, General E. Reddor, wartime head of the German civilian administration in Bel- gium, said, "The General and my selt have always tried to delay and soften the carrying out of anti-Jewish measures."
Asked by the Court's President whether the German population was against the persecution of According to the report
of a Jews, Redder replled coldly, "No, as far as the great masses were German security police agent, the President said, Falkenhausen had concerned." derlared in. 1948 that "if some- thing had to be done against the Jews one should begin by the arrest of those Jews who joined the Belgian Maquis.”
Resistance movement
Von Falkenhausen half-cons and said, "As a Gorman miti. “tary ́commander, 1 ́believed that of through the collaboration Jows the resistance movement could reach a great expension,” "Have you ever put yourself in the shoes of a Jew?", President Marechal asked Von Falken- hausen.
"I certainly did," the German General replied, "but what else could I have done? As a German general I had to fight all the
He said, The Communists plan to scize at least 60,000,000 able started recently are only the bodied men for the "armed forces | steps for the, enforcement of the from the nation's 300,000,000 secret clauses of the Stalin-Mao farmers. Why should they con- treaty. The chief purpose of this tinue to conscript our poor far-treaty as to use 400,000,000 people mers now that their armed forces of China as Russia's instrument Ifive reached the numerical in
in conquering all of Asia and her strength of 5,000,000 men?" 4,000,000 square miles of main- Generalisslims Chiang said, "Un- land urea as the Russians' baso doubtedly the large-scale purge for aggression against the whole and land reform which they i world.” —United Fress.
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Apart from the deportation of Von, Falkenhauson is Jews, charged with the execution of 240 civilian hostages, and the de portation of more than 250,000 Belgians to forced labour in. Ġer many-Reuter.
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