i
BIG THREE MINISTERS START VITAL MEETING French proposal for U.S. commander in the West
Paris, September 12.
The French Foreign Minister, M. Robert Schuman, will propose to the Big Three Foreign Ministers' conference which opened in New York to- day the immediate nomination of an American commandor heading a full-scale Gonoral Staff for Western European defence,
A memorandum, which has not yet been made public, sets out French pro- posals for ensuring effective Western military defence in Europe, well- informed sources said tonight.
France also calls for a pooled Atlantic notions war budget, these sources,
said.
The French propose that the present permanent military advisers of the Atlantic Coun- ell, consisting of General Omar Bradley (United States), Alr Marshal Lord Tedder (Biltain) and General Ely (France) be transformed into a full Gen- eral Staff headed by an Ameri-
can.
The Foreign Ministers opened their conference with West Euro-
PRIMATE ATTACKS THE REDS
London, September 12. Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, the Archbishop of Canterbury, to- day made a sweeping attack on
the black tyranny of nunism,* the Roman Catholic Church and Western material- ism.
Com-
The 83-year-old Petmate of the Church of England, giving his presidential address in the Con- vocation of Canterbury-in Lan- tion, sakl that at a time when Christians should be uniting, "the Roman Catholic Church says and does so much to make a common front impossible."
The Archbishop sald, that the materialism of the Western warld is in the end no better than Rus- skan atheism. But his strongest comments concerned Communisin and Roman Catholicism.
"The rout of the world's dis- tress is that on the other side while there is great profession of peace, netions are truculent and aggressive," he said of Commus mism.
"The tragedy is that for a time! at least, we can expect nothing
clse."
Ife added: "We, who can see the black lyranny of its creed fully revealed, naturally denounce it. But we must frankly realise that in the Far East it can easily be seen riot as a tyranny but as a present of liberation,"
Dr. Fisher called for a union of all Christions everywhere against atheism, but Enki the Roman Catholic Church was barring the way to such a common front. United Press.
|
to
pean defence and Germany's con- the It hending ribution agenda.
The Ministers, Mr. Dean Ache- son (United States), M. Robert Schuman (France)
and
Mr. Ernest Bevin (Britain) met in a closely-guarded top floor suite of the luxury Waldorf-Astorin Hotel a few minutes after 7 p.m. G.M.T. Mr. Acheson was the first to reach the conference room.
The Ministers will meet in pri- vate session with only Interpre- ters present at first.
The order of discussion during the three-day meeting was re- Hatly stated to be (1) Western defence, (2) German rearmament, (3) Korea, and the question of recognition of Communist China. Mr. Acheson presided as the meeting formally opened.
Secret session
}
Tue announcement by Presi- dent Truman of a substantial in- crease of the American forces in Europe had helped to create a favourable atmosphere for dis-
question, cussion of this spokesman said.
the
The three Ministers were meet- Ing in a closely-guarded top Soor" hotel sulte to begin three-way talks which may have vital con- sequences for the Western world.
Mr. Bevin sald today he ex- peeled an "agreement for action" to result from the talks.
The Ministers were due to re- view world problemą, including Western defences in the light of the war in Koren and the height- ened international tension since they fust met four months ago in, London.
A silver plaque at the entrance to the suite recalled that in De- Dr. Philip Jessup, Ambassador-cember, 1940, the Foreign Minis-
Russla, ters of France,
Britaini United States agreed there on the terms of the pence treaties with Italy, Rumania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Finland.
ot-Large,
Mr. and
Charles Spotford. Chairman of the Allan- the Part Deputies, were on his right.
With Mr. Bevin was Sir Oilver Franks, Ambassador in Washing- ton, and senior oficials.
M. Schuman had with him M. Hearl Bonnet, Ambassador, and
er officials.
All their advisers left when the Ministers began their secret dis- cussions,
Oite of the first questions they were expected to decide is whe- ther the Press should be given a full account of their deliberations.
European defonce.
Had
the
Turkish adherence
A Turkish request for admis. sion to the Narth Atlantic Treaty Organisation will defini- tely be considered by the Foreign Ministers.
The question of Turkish secu- rity and its strategic position is of great concern to the Foreign Ministers of Britain, France -and the United States. However, in view of the concept of the Atlan- tie Pact countries as a regional organisation, it is unlikely that a decision would be made to broad-
to en the
admit Scope Dact's
countries, since non-Atlantic loing so would offer great organ- isational and administrative pro Informat
blems and raise objections about muide to revise the agenda to en-breaking down the ideals of the able this item to be considered at North Atlantic community, their meeting later today.
The Foreign Ministers agreed to give first priority to organic- ing a Weet European defence system, including the question of a West German contribution
to it.
arrangements
were
An American spokesman said that the Ministers would agree on proposals on this subject for by the Foreign consideration Ministers of the North Atlantic powers who meet here on Friday.
arrange-
Ho stressed that no final deci- ston would be reached by the Foreign Ministers on ments for the defence of Western Europe against the possibility of aggression.
It would be for the Atlantic Treaty Council to make hose de-
cisions.
The Ministers would today con- sider the organistion of forces for the defence of Western Europe and-the-production and financial arrangements for Western Euro- pean rearmament.
Defensive value of the Pyrenees
Madrid, September 13. Modem warfare has detracted little from the defensive value
of the Pyrenees mountains,
Atlantic and Mediterranean flanks. Both have beer? tradi- tional Invasion routes for south and north bound armles. Should Russia attempt an inva-
The spirit of community of the Atlantic nations had gained pc- ceptance in the pact countries, the spokesman said, adding that countries outside the sphere would impinge on this spirit,
It appeared likely that the Big Three will affirm their continuing interest in Turkey's security as stated previously by Mr. Bovin and M. Schuman.
It is recalled that Britain and France have signed a treaty to lend Turkey support should” she become the target of aggression.
New sacrificos
4
The "New York Times", com- menting on the Foreign Ministers' meeting, said editorially:......
"No doubt, the rearmament of nations which have just recover- ed from the havoc of the last war, Involves risks and economic burdens which will demand new sacrifices. For that reason the United States is willing to help to the limit of its capacity. But it is also well to remember that Western Europe has a population of some 300,000,000, whe defended if they are willing to defend themselves, and that in the long run they must learn to stand on their own feet, lest their continued
од dependence
the
Can
THE "CHINA 'MAIL, 'THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1980,
Adenauer now EMPIRE MOURNS
has military adviser
Bonn, September 12. The West German Federal Chancellor, Dr. Konrad Adenauer, has appointed Count von Schwerin, tha formar Pruszlan General, and him opponent of Hitler, an technical advisor on security questions.
The appointment has, tho fult approval of the Alijas.
Count von Schwerin, a na- tive of East Prussia and member of a distinguished aristocratic family. Is only very remotely connected with Count Schwerin von Krosio, who
Finance was Hitler' Minister and was sentenced to 10 years' Imprisonment by the Nuremberg International Tribunal.
A professional soldier, from Count Schwerin was the early days of the Hitter regime known and respected among the Army sa a pró. found enemy of the system. Reuter,,
Nazt
BELGIUM
TO PURGE REDS
Brussels, September 12. The Belgian Government to- day announced it is to purge the Belgian Civil Service of Communists and fellow travel-
lers.
Announcing this, the Prime Minister, Joseph Pholien, sold the Government had decided to "re- move all Civil Servants who by their alliation or otherwise sup- port the activities of o group which has been qualified as revo lutionary or anti-National by the Government."
"The Communists are constant- ly opposed to the national in- terest," he added.
The Prime Minister sald "The decision applies to all subversive groups but the Government finds the Communist Party reactions are clearly contrary to the opinion of the great majority of the citizens.
"On the political plane", con- tinued, the Prime Minister, "thu Communist Party is alone in fe- fusing to take part in the national reconciliation around the Prince Royal (Baudouin).
"On the social plone, the Com- munist betion tries to split freely the consented agreements be
SMUTS DEATH"
Protorio, September 12. The South African Prime Minister, Dr. Daniel Malon, sold tonght that the death of General Smuts left an emptiness in South Africa's public life, and in the wider field of intorno- tional relations, which it would not be possiblo to fill. Broadcasting in English and Afrikaans, Dr. Malan called General Smuts "one of South Africa's greatest and most renowned sons,"
Į
General Smuts' share in the, the world. The world has indeed events of the last 50 years had lost one of its faithful servants been judged differently from and all people of Canada would.
wish to join me in this expression during varying standpoints
of regret and in this tribute to his life time;: and would un-
the one who so distinguished him- doubtedly be so for years to
sel
In the interests of a peaceful world."
come.
"The final judgment, however, will belong to history and the present Reneration
can safely leave it in the hands of that court," he said.
"It is enough to remember that does not South Africa's wealth consist merely of gold or diamonds but chiefly....in the production of men and women who, by their personal qualities and deeds are able to leave deep and indelibly behind them their footprints on the sands of time and on their own country's history."
King George sent a telegram of Smuts trom sympathy to Mrs. Balmoral Castle last night im- mediately he heard of General Smuts' death.
His message said: "The Queen and I have heard the news of the death of Field Marshal Smuts and a deep with great sorrow sense of personal loss, We send our heartfelt sympathy to you and and to your family.
"In peace or in war his counsel and his friendship were of inestl- father mable value both to my and to myself, while the force of
enriched his intellect had wisdom of the whole race."
"
the human
"Great spirit
The
Prime Minister, Mr. Clement Atlee, said in a state- ment: "I am most deeply distress- ed to hear of the death of Field will Marshal Smuts. The world BAL mourn, for he was not only devoted lover of his country and a friend of inestimable value to Britain and to the Commonwealth, but in his heart there was a place for all humanity.
the
"His great contribution to the creation of the United Nations is but one example of his breadth of view and world atatesman- ship.
**I had the privilege of his tween qualified tepresentatives of friendship and of working with
him employers and employees.
as a fellow Prime Minister of the Commonwealh, I feel a deep sense of personal loss. The out to his sympathy of all will widow and family."
"On the military plane, the Communist Party adopts an at- titude, of open opposition on all defence policies."
It is now up to Parliament to tell the Government how it want- ed this decision put into force, he said.Associated Press.
U.S. STOCKPILE
OF MATERIALS
Mr. Winston Churchill said: "it; ls with deep sorrow that 1 learn of the death of my life Jong friend. The departure of his great spirit loaves all the world the poorer. His memory will long be cherished in many “Tasida”beelden"his"own.”
The British Government scat the following message today to the Government of South Africa: His Majesty's Government in the United
nited Kingdom received the death of Field Marshal Smuts. With
the news deepest regret His life was a life of distinguished service to South Africa, to the British Common- wealth of Nations, to the United Nations and, indeed, to mankind
Washington, September 12. The now National Production Authority was reported today to be drafting its first order and faithful he
limiting industrial stockpiles of acarce and strategic materials.
Spain's historic line of defencesion of Spain today, many obser- and 1/lates weaken both them
Lo, the North.
The scene of both North und South-bound invasions through centuries of history, the towering, rugged collossus is as much of an obstacle today as it Was to Romans.
the
Nothing so far observed in the fighting in Korea indicates the contrary,
With the outbreak of Korean war, however, and with Soviet it renewed fears of a sweep through Western Europe, Spain's defences in the Pyrenees are gatting fresh attention from military planners.
Many observers bellevo the mountaina are the only obstacle in Western Europe capable of halting, even temporarily, a Rus- slun evdep West.
Just what Spain has in the Pyrenees is a closely guarded sccrot. But a look at the moun- tains along Indicates the barrier they offer against invasion from the North
Stretching almost catiroly across the Spanish-French border the Pyrenees cover 34,375 squaro miles of ground, two-thirds of which lie in Spain.
As the crow"files they are 270 miles long. but actually cover a distance of 375 miles between the Atlantic Ocean and the Meditor- ranean Sea.
They vary in width from 39; miles between Pamplona, Spain: and St. Jean de Luz, France to 81 miles wide in the region of Andorra.
Within 30-miles of the Mediter
- ratioanl they rise to $9,187 4font. From there to the peak of "Anio, 64 miles from the Atlantis, there, is not a single pass under 5243 foot.
In between. He towering. intercalble peaks with virtually [no means ̈óf -lateral communien➡ tions between them. The tallest. Kalendeta, goes up to: 11,168 fot. From › mulčery, point of
ly,
A spokesman for the day-old war agency said the order will probably be issued later this week. It is aimed at making plenty of materials available for war production.
as a whole.
"As a statesman, as a còidler, as a man of letters and as a friend he will long bo remembered with gratitude and affection by the people of the United Kingdom' no less than by the people of South
The agency's Order No. 1 is expected to put limits en private | Africa." stockpiling of a number of scarce materials including steel and copper,
and thereby relations with vers believe she may follow both
them. That is just why European Napoleon and Jannibal and at- alatesmen must face the task of tempt bath Banks simultaneous- arousing their own people and How long such a double thrust providing the leadership that is necessary to make them again could be held by Spain, no one
the centres of power that they here seems willing to predict. used, to be," Most observers are agreed, how-
The
"Herald-Tribune" said: ever, that without more up-to- "New York welcomes the Foreign
The Secretary of Commerce, date armaments Spain's best Ministers and is honoured to be Charles Sawyer, and the National efforts in repelling a Russian at- host to thele deliberations. Like | Production Administrator, Wil- tack woul
would amount at to only a'delaylar notion most the rest of the free world, it calls llam Harrison, met with nine upon them'to live up to the title copper company executives to discuss problems affecting their think boldly, to give to the ut industry. most of their ability and authori ty, the guidance and inspiration which a menaced civilisation de- mands." Reuter, Associated Press, and United Press.
After a Spain's defences in the Pyrenees by American military attaches here, the Spanish army streng- thened several passes with rein- forcements from Zaragoza, United Press.
recent etion of 'Big-Trent-to act boldly and
Other than formally organising an Industry advisory committee, no decisions werd reached.-- United Press.
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Inspiring figurò
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Canadian oficialdom today mourded the death of Field Mar- shai, Smuts, who was referred to As one of the world's "faithful "inspiring servants" and figure"
The Prime Minister, Louis St. Laurent, said Marshal Smuts death "will be deeply felt not only in his own country but through- out the whole of the Common- wealth and indeed in every part of
Thoroughly clean
your teeth, after,
in
Lester Pearson, Minister of Ex- ternal Affairs, said that Marshal Smuts name for half a century had signided to people all over the world two great principles in human, affairs-political recon- clilation and democratic constitu- Field Marthal, tonal progress. Smuts was an active and inspring figure-Reuter, Associated Press and United Press.
NORTH KOREAN PLAINT
Lake Success, September 12.
North Korea told the United
most of its
Nations today that all its heavy Industry and medium and light industry had been "completely destroyed" by the American Air Force.
This startling acknowledgment was contained in a demand from the Foreign Minister of the North Korean regime to the UN Secre- tary General, Mr. Trygve Lie. and the President of the Security Council, Sir Gladwyn Jebb, to take immediate steps to put a stop to such "crimes of the American
In Interventionists. Korca."
The complaint was received as the Council met to debate Com- munist China's charges American
had planes Manchuria.
that raided
The North Korean cable also charged:
1. American planes have been guilty of promiscuous machine- gun attacks on residential areas in Pyongyang, the North Korean capital.
2. There have been attacks on peasants carts, buses and light motor cars "having nothing to do with the transport of munitions of war".
small 3. "All villages and towns in the Southern part of Korea and also in a number of
placos in the Northern part of the country, situated near main roads, have been utterly destroy ed."
4. The United States Air Force was "deliberately solling on fire ripening crops and turning them into stretches of dusty EDI United-Press.
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