Helicopter as ambulance
THE CHINA MAIL, SATUNDAY, JULY 22, 1980.
DON
IDDON'S
DIARY
Pare
The Royal Air Force helicopter air ambulances are rapidly nearing the end of their operational trlain In Malaya. Hero Westland Sikorsky Hoverfly 2 drops slowly to earth in small jungle clearing hemmed in by tall trees, Its rotors barely clearing the Jungla fringe. Clamped to the side is the stretcher-bearing pannier which contains the wounded patiant. R gular evacuation services are planned for the casualties suffered by the security forces In their antt-bandit fighting in the Junglee of Malaya-(AP Photo)
U.S. WHITE PAPER:
RUSSIA TO BLAME IN KOREA CRISIS Invasion a brutal blow to peace of
of the world
.
Washington, July 20.
The United States, in an official White Paper, issued today, marshalled ovidence that Soviet Russia along with the North Korean Communists was to blame for the Korean crisis. Denouncing the invasion as a "brutal blow to the peace of the world," a 68-page, step-by-step record contained charges that Moscow flouted its post-war agreements and defied the United Nations by creating and backing the North Korea.regime.
Plans to
convert factories
Washington, July 20, American officials said today that plans are being considered lo put more Western European factories to work producing weapons and military supplies Proposals being discussed would make use of scores of ide ammunition and other war -factories and also divert to mili- Mary production some plants now turning out civilian goods.
These proposals are expected to be taken up with European government representatives, in
London next week.
One plan under consideration here calls, Joffelnis said, for the U.S. to pay the Europeans dollars for war supplies they would turn, out in factories now devoted to elvillan goods.
-t
This would compensate the Europeans for dollars they would lose when they cut down on pro- duction of such items сага, tractors and electric appliances goods now sold on the world dollar markets.-Associated Press,
"FLYING BOXES“
Stockholm, July 21. Volunteers have been enrolled in Varmland, Central Sweden, to look out for "dying boxes" twice reported seen by inhabitants in recent weeks.
The "boxes", sald to make whistling noise, were reported to be flying Eastwards about 300 metres (nearly 1,000 feet). up.-- Reuter,
an
Then, after the attack was White Paper Jaunched, the noteci, Russia rebuffed Anacan plea for co-opera- tion in restoring peace by re- fusing to "interfere
in the internal affairs" of Korea.
There was no contention, how ever, that Moscow directly order- ed or sanctioned the Communist altack.
ed the record with the explana
The State Department publish- tion that it had the responsibility for placing full and accurate in- formation on the crisis before the American people and the world.
Included were the texts-of-101 documents, beginning with. Am- bassador John J. Muccio's first report from Seoul on the night of Junc that the North Koreans had launched an all-out offensiva against the South Korean Re- publicans.
-
Russia's role
Published also were six reports to Secretary-General Trygve Lie from the United Nations Com- mission on the scene.
In contrast to the Communist propaganda claims that the South Koreans started the Sghting, the Commission advised Mr. Ide that
the Invasion was carefully plan- ed in advance and launched in secrecy against South Korean forces which were solely for defence.
organised
The State Department sum marised Russia's role in Korea In a narrative which related:
1. Russia at Poladam and at the time of declaring WER against Japan pledged that
Korea in due course should be. come free and Independent.
Arms control plan presented to UN
this after-
2. The 38th Parallel, dividing line between North and South Koren, was established only as a temporary expedient to avicd confusion in accepting the sur- render of the Japanese,
Russia quickly moved in troops and arbitrarily made the line a permanent division.
Dofiance of UN
1
Paradox of
peace and war
ין
The Inko le not in sight and, postal ortier business with the visitors the ordinary American the success has still to ba UN but that is all.
voter who drives over in half an achloved, but thita Jutto New The British rate vory high hour from New York or comos hare, Our chief representative, all the way from Chicage or San
York suburb is no longer makinar Alxander Cadogani, who re-Franched to see how the Inter
opologies for itself.
Quiet watchers
After being a poor imper-cently retired, laboriously butnational effort is turning out, sonation of the world capital for our prestige. And we are. old too long the United Nations and skilled hands at this busi- handquarters, at last begins tonces. We have the polse, the play the part.
polish, the diplomatic inind, The 4,000, peacemakers em- Our new man, Bir Gladwyn played here have been frightened | Jebb, is able and popular. I can- of losing their Jobs for months.not honestly, report that the There seemed no future for the UN, and for them. Now there scems a fair chance that there will continue to be an interna- tional payroll.
In fact, I am rather shaken by the alr of feativity about this place,
Lake Success zeems a queer combination of country club and counting house, It is a sprawl« ing, low-roofed building, sot upon the Long Island meadows, a pleasant country retreat 10 miles from Manhattan,
It's ironic
The Sperry Gyroscope Com- pany owns the building and in still today under the same roof. The peacemakers Occupy one- third of the floor space and the gyroscope people, busily making precision instruments for a push button war, occupy two-thirds.
The irony is so obvious that I am surprised the statesmen did not suggest to Sperry's that a leas painful compromise be worked out. But no one did, and today the manufacturers of dearly apparatus are separated only by afro-wall from the politicions who are trying to manufacture peace.
This paradox appears to be worrying no one. I have rarely been In an establishment that shows less evidence of anxiety than Lake Success,
I had forgotten my Press pass, but got past the special guard without trouble. I walked down long corridors, through a honey- comb of tiny offices where no one seemed to bo doing very dele. much, and arrived at the gates' lounge, The bar was do- ing brisk business,
The large and merry crowds wire swallowing whisky high- balls, gin-and-tonics, Martini and Manhattan cocktalls, or sipping glasses of beer and ale.
Pretty girls--Lake Success is well stocked with pretty girls sat in comfortable armchairs, lolled on the big couches, and eyed themselves, and the mon in the huge mirrors.
Now, of course, people must cat and drink, or otherwise they would not be much good at the job of making pence, but I had expected a somewhat more urgent and Industrious atmos phere.
I did not find it except in the Press room. From here the epr- respondents of most of the world's
big
newspapers and agencies cable the news.
I wandered round the huge 3. After agreeing at the Mos-building, peered into
the cow conference in late 1945 to offices and the library, got lost help set up a provisional demo-in Block B and, trapped in Wing cratic government for all Korea, C, and everyone appeared hap- Russia blocked all efforts to this py, engaged on not doing a great
deal, but doing it elaborately.
end.
4. When the U.S.-in trying to end the stalemate referred the dispute to the United Nations, Russia adopted a negative atti- tude and barred from North Korea a UN Commission which was appointed to supervise elec- tlons.
While the US. and 31 other nations extended recognition to the South Korea Republic, Russia vetoed its entry into the UN.
6. In the meantime the Soviet Unlon established the North Korea Communist regime which "has lived, as it was created,.in complete defiance of the UN."
Discussing the White Paper with the Press, diplomatie officials here took special note of the paragraphs saying there was lack of legal basis for the 88th Parallel dividing line between North and South Korea,
and
observera speculated that the State Depart | SI
men may
bo laying the legal groundwork for the Unlied Na- tions military forces to effect the country's unification by pushing] into North Korea when the coun- ter-offensive gets under way. Associated Press and United Press.
Lake Success, July 20. Working_Committed The United States put de- noon: "The Korean conflict gives tails of its plan for world graphic illustration to the vital importance of the studies on which we have been engaged
months/
armaments control before the United Nations today and
declared that if it had been i For the past several
had there been in effective in effect the war in Korea operation a system of safeguards along the lines of what we are would have been impossible. here discussing, it would have been Impossible for any power,
The plan, under discussion by great or small, to have built up the Working Committee of the without early detection the caro United Nations Commission on fully-prepared Aggressive force Conventional Armaments calls which invaded the Korean Re for, periodic strength in all ports on
Acategories and a
papere
armed
and public neation of the
empowers the world organisation at this particular time under- to take spot checks to verify the scores the fact that the objective Information Jubmitted by men of US policy is peace and at bers of the United Nations. The tatement of, an affective system detailed plan, wiilch was ralean- for the regulation and
ed today, also calls for jupection of, arn
armaments and "arrned
curta
of war production) plantasieeled The Working Committee bur John hath deputy Amarkah been considering plans for pyma representativo, said in a speech control formaverale months p prepared for delivery, bature the United Press, p
Air
This amiablo air is probably due to the spectacular reprieve UN has just enjoyed. A few weeks ago it appeared doomed to a lingering death, but the Korean crisis and, President have set it on ita feet again, and It is grateful.
Truman
Then, also, the Russians are not The Russians, tiring of walk-outs, here to get in averyone's hair.
are now staying out.
They do a
|
I slipped into tho Security Couneli chamber and watched the audience and not the do- legates, who were obviously on- Joying the spotlight, the photo- United Nationis boss, Mr. Trygvographers, and the newsreel men. Lie, is particularly popular.
The audience behaved more Mr. Lle gets 20,000 dollars like a congregation, The people (about £7,000) a yea salary, ant there quietly, even reverent- 30,000 dollars a year expenses, only. They did not chatter or impressive house, and a 10,000 gesticulate; they did not chew dollar-u-year pension when hocandy bars or suck sweets. retires, Six people told me this They sat there and latened, with some envy. It is a lot of and perhaps one or two of them money.
dozed,
By their presence they The Assistant Secretaries-Gen-supported the United Nations. ral also do pretty well. They They have been very patient. receive 20,000 dollars a year, in- During the past few days thou cluding expenses. Almost every-sands of visitors have been to one around Lake Success
B Lake Success, Last week 0,000 Anancial success,
were turned away, but were as- Messengers are paid about £10 sured there would be plenty of a week, and the average salary room for everyone in the
now of a United Nationa
employee, 15,000,000-dollar UN bullding Including allowance, is between now being erected
Now £35 and £40 a week. And if York's First Avenue and 41st. you are a big wheel you can buy Street. This will be open for your liquor duty free and your
business in September, assuming wife's furs and jewela less luxury that there is business to be trans- tax. You are also immune from acted, Income tax,
+
I am not rapping the personnel of the United Nations. They have an involved, difficult job. They have been joked about and laughed at for years. And many of them are lonely and home- sick.
Even so, the most impressive people in this United Nations capital are not the staff but the
The
Indian critics of America
Bombay, July 20. Independent Bombay newspaper "National Standard” today said that there was an "unhappy tendency on the part of the United States to regard. Asia as "a mere chessboard crowded with petty pawns."
Writing on the American-Soviet reaction to Pandit Nehru's peace move, the newspaper said,
How- soever Moscow and Washington may look at the Korean problem the basic fact remains that peace can only be secured by establish- ing the representative character of the United Nations by recognising that Peking and not Taiwan stands for the will of the Chinese people."
"Times of India" said, in The a leading article, that the battles MacArthur lost in Korea were trifies compared with the one Mr. Dean Acheson, the United States Secretary of State, had lost. proposal Stalin has scored very By endorsing the Indian peace substantially," the article sold.
The Nationalist newspaper States' rejection of Mr. Nehru's "Bharat" described the United suggestion as "illogical"
оп
Call-up jolt
I will telescope the rest of the New York news. Truman's or- der calling up men between the ages of 10 and 25 if the Armed, Services need them has jolted this city. The apprehensive are beginning to heard.
Last week there was no plan for air-raid precautions. This week there le silly talk about evacuation of the city. The men who were twiddling their thumbs a few days ago now begin to wring their hands. No ong la ringing bells.
There is definitely no hysteria, but there is plenty of high blood pressure,
Very fow are buying
city property just now, and the cancellations of air and steam- ship trips to Europa are bigger than the companies admit,
The big initial fear & out-of- band infalion. A now war boom
on top of the present boom could blow off the economie celling,
Buy, buy, buy
Sales in department alores last than those of the corresponding week were five per cent higher
week Inst year. Almost every business reports insatiable de- mands from customers, nad to this will be added the impera-
ve demands of the military,
The pax Trumana is giving isolationists are coming out of some people tremors, and the their hole and calling for second thoughts on the first front,
look
Along the avenues General MacArthur's photographs out sternly on the dense traffic there is a sudden from a dozen shop windows, and
upsurgo
at reckless spending in the night- clubs and restaurants.
tory
Fashion experts predict mill- greatcoats for amart women's autumn wear, and de-. signers experiment with paign hats. Even Hollywood is coming to grips with reality.
cam-
Heard around the town; About Russians are trying it on for size. Korca-it's now obvious that the
Bharat" wrote, It cannot easily be reconelled with her pro- fessed principles of international The only time a Communist conduct. Its consequences can ever slaps you on the back is to encourage the armament race that help you swallow what he tolls will increase vulnerability to you. Communism and make democratic defence against Communism un- balanced."-Reuter.
Footnote: At Lake Success they say the only deadly sin 15 cynicism,
British divorce rate drops
London, July 20. -Births and divorces both dropped in England and Wales in 1948 but the population shot up by nearly 500,000.
The Registrar-General's offico said so in releasing vital statistics pincing the population at 43,502, 000 at the end of 1948. The 1947 Agure was 43,050,000,
Absolute divorce decrees in England and Wales in 1048 were 43.008, 27. per cent below the 10476 total of 80,190. However, the break-up of marriages To- mained for above the 1030-45~}
Conditioned
yearly average of 0,280- divorces, the announcement said,
British leaders have expressed concern over the post-war rate of divorces and Princess Elizabeth made it the subject of a grave talk to British mothers several months ago.
Tho official
Ancement
Dum-
Multiple births in 1949 bered 0,687 of which there were two sets of quadruplets and BA sets of triplets,
The report showed $60,001 marriages, a' rate of 18.2 per thousand against 18.6 per thou- sand in 1917,
listed live births in 1948-as 775,-age was 29 years for men and 21 The most popular marriage 300, a. rate of 17.8 Ler 1,000
for women. A total of 211 men and population. The 1947 birth 82 women married over the ago total was 881,020, 2.7 per 1,000 of 80, and seven men and two hugher.
women over 90.
Thare ware 41,874 legit." mate births in 1948, the report said, against 46,603 in 1947 and 50,018 In 1946.
Similar statistics for Scotland and Northern Ireland are com- piled and released separately. Associated Press.
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