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THE COLD WAR
WARMS UP
DE
THE CHINA MAIL, JESDAY” MARCH -7%÷1050
WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRSE THE THIRD="BOOK
at
овес
THE GRAND ALLIANCE Belgrade confusion
one tangible result of our desper alo efforts to form ́an Allied front in the Balkans and prevent all falling piecemeal. Into Hitler' power. Mr. Eden had reached Malta on his way home, but on the news of the Belgrade revolu tion E. thought he should change. his plans and be upon the spot with Generals-Dill and Wavell;
Prime Minister to Mr. Eden
27 March,
In view of coup d'etat in Serbia it would surely be well for you both to be on the spot. in Cairo so as to concert events; Now sutely is, the chance to bring in Turkey and form, a Joint front in the Balkans. Can you not get a meeting in Cyp- rus or Athens of all concerned? When you know the situation,, ought you.. not to go to Bel- grade? Meanwhile we are do ing all possible and carrying on. I telegraphed to the President of Turkey:
By Winston Churchill
13
min
When
German planes appear
silence, came at last
on
April 8 more than 17,000, citizens of Belgrade lay dead in the streets or under the debris.
Our
version "of Kal-TAL'S security measures recorded: “All police 'constables-on, duty within the airport limits are attacked to the airport police stationi.”
Right to the very door?
豁
"Noted religious outcast wants to fight Pope.**
Even as an amateur event, this should prove quite a draw,
1' atlok to beer..
Correspondent senda tu a jetter about A. Gimlet who was involved in a traffic accident, implying that it was singular if it wasn't in the plural.
A
"well-educated Chinese young girl" advertires for a job, ending with the remark: "Salary
o objection."
"Cetholics plump for Leopold." Kensington accent.
Once again I say, demn that
slavia," and in the event of that country' being attacked Russia would adopt an attitude of good- will "based on friendly relations." This was at any rate an amicable. grimace, Gavrilovle stayed alone morning discussing with Final result of Belgrade 'visit supplies.
Stalin the question of military As their conversations was-dlaappointing-in --many-came-to- an end the Germans ways, but it was impossible to struck. get (General) Simovie to sign 41.
any sort of agreement, `Never- theless, I was impressed with offensive, spirit of Yugoslav leaders. who will, fight, if Yugoslavin attacked or 17
1
On the morning of 'April 6 Ger- Germany attacks Salonika. Staff discussions today should
bombers appeared, over have useful results in exchange
Belgrade. Flying in relays from of views, and,, I hope, in agree-
an occupied Berodroma ricar Bucharest me
they delivered ment on best plans to meet methodical attack lasting three various eventualities. None of days upon the Yugoslav capital these plans will be binding on From root-top height, without either side, but there is rea- fear of resistance, they blasted the sonable prospect that when time comes, Yugoslava will be city without mercy. This was called Operation "Punishment." prepared to carry them out.
Fact that Simovic, though leader and able,
is in no sense dictator. He had difficult task in keeping Cabinet together,
Out of the nightmare of sinske and dare
te to them and fire not propose
came the maddened any form of agreement with us.
animals released from their shat Nor can he effect such agree tered cages in the zoological gar- ment w
without
knowledge and dens.
A stricken stork hobbled But he and War Minister Ilic, who lat the main hotel, which was a
mass of flames. A tougher, but
bear, dazed less intelligent, and
uncomprehending, veern determined to fight through the interno with slow and Yugoslavs' forces are not yet awkward galt down towards the ready for war
Danube. Simovic
He was not the only! wants to gain time to complete uncomprehending ursine animal. mobilisation and concentration. For Internal political
The New Year had brought dia- turbing news from the Far East. he cannot tako “first step in The Japanese Navy was increns- release. hostiiltles, but must await Ger- ugly active off the consis of man move, He expects Ger-
Southern Indo-China. many to attack Southern Yu-warships were reported in Saigon
Japanese Stockbrokers got religion. goslavia from Bulgaria and harbour and the Gulf of B.pm. leave Greece alone at the On January 31, 1941, the Japanese
. Yugoslava will ald in Albania, but will not attacks Government negotiated an armis- between the Vichy French there even
until, German and Slam. Rumours spread that
Keep It dark. -
You don't have to believe this, attacks them or their vital in-
this settlement of a frontler dis-
Mbut it did happen yesterday. terests.
pute in South East Asia was to Bloke
rang* up the Army of be the prelude to the entry
exchange, anking where Victoria The Germans Japan Into war. wero at the same time bringing Barracks is situated. He was told: Sorry, but for security I increased pressure to bear upon
Japan to attack the British at Casons we cannot divulge such
The Hungarian Premier, Count Teleki, had been working con sistently to maintain some Liberty of action for his country, He was by no means convinced that Germany would win the wate At the time of signing the Tri- partite Pact he had file confid- enco in the Independence of Italy Hitler's an Axir partner. ultimatum required the breach of his own Hungarian agreement with Yugoslavia. The initiative was, however, wrested from him by the Hungarian General staff, whose chief General Werth, him- Now that Spring is here, a self of German origin, made his lot of political people seem to own arrangements with the Ger
man High Command behind the be turning their fancies to back of the Hungarian Govern-
27 March, 41. Detalla
the matters not normally associat-ment,
regarding troops
Your Excellency: The dram were being ed with the season. Instead of passage of
atic events which are occurring thoughts of love, the week-arranged on this basis,
Teleki
in Belgrade and throughout denounced end has brought us a sharpen- | Werth's
treasonable. action as
Yugoslavia may offer the best chance of preventing the Ger- ing of the cold war. The head-On the evening of April 2, 1941,
invasion of the Balkan lines tell the tale: Communists ho received a telegram from the
peninsula. Surely now
Is the Ministor in Hungarian
London in Britain predict an inteń-
to make a time that the British Foreign-Office
a common front sification of the class struggle had stated formally to him that
which Germany will hardly part in any dare assail. I have cabled to by workers' mass struggles Hungary look
President Roosevelt to asit him. In the factories and streets! German move against. Yugoslavia
for American supplies to be Soviet building an air armada she must expect a declaration of
extended to all Powers resisting wor upon her by Great Britain. for world conquest! Peking | Thus the choice for
German aggression in the East. I am
and asking Mr. Eden vain resist turned to pattern of Police either
General Dill to concert all pos- State! Communist Invasion passage of German troops
sible against the ranging herself openly
mensures of of Indo-China may cause In-Allies and betraving Yugoslavia.
.anfety. ternational War! Senate In this eruel position Count
It was settled that Eden should Committee passes Bill con- Teleki saw
means of remain in Athens to deal with personal honour. Turkey and that General Di trolling activities of American savin
nine o'clock he left should Shortly after nine"
Belgrade. proceed to Communists! Hong Kong too the Hungarian Ministry of For- Anyone could see that the posi- hard a nut for Reds to crack! eign Affairs and retired to his tion of Yugoslavia was
forlorn Hong Kong, said to be train- apartments in the Sandor Palace unless a common front was im- received a ing ground for Red agents! There he
call. It is believed that this Russians pour into Peking
stated that the German message Rival Nationalist and Com-arrales had already crossed the munist groups in New York's Hungarian frontier. Shortly af- terwards he shot himself. Hix was a sacrifice to absolve
but one
Was
or
common
telephone net presented by all the
concerned. There was however to Yugoslavia the
open chance already mentioned
of blow at the striking a deadly naked "rear of the disorganised Albania. If Italian armies in
Chinese quarter fight pitched | su and his people from gullt they acted promptly they might
battle! Nearer and nearer to himself
a shooting war! And a varie- in the German attack upon ty of other stories more or less related to the cold war.
The most considerable effort is the statement by the unofficial body headed by Lord Vansittart and M. Reynaud, known as the In- ternational Committee for
Study of European Affairs. This alleged that Hong Kong
Yugoslavia. It clears his name before history. It could not stop the march. of the German armies nor the consequences.
Great satisfaction
The news of the revolution in
Belgrade naturally gave us great satisfaction. Here at least was
declared that there are two
is the main training ground ways of carrying out the fight for Communist agents whose against the Colonial system job it is to create havoc in the way followed by China, South East Asta, "thus enabl- North Korea and Indo-China, Ing the Chinese Communists and the way followed by and Soviet Russia to conquer India, Indonesia and the Phi- all Asia, including India" lippines. In countries that The statement alleges that a followed the Bolshevik way, group exists here to which it said "the people" are in It gives the awe-inspiring power, but in. "the others title of "Supreme Communist "colonialism s nominally Council" composed of six abolished but actually still National Committees,_cachexistent. Thus India and the with five directing members. Philippines are nominally Its job is said to be to or independent but their people ganise action by the Chinese have no more freedom than populations in the six coun- before, and their livelihood is. tries of South East Asia.
in no way better."
are
North
bring about a major military event, and while their own country was being ravaged from the might possess themselves of the masses of munitions and equip- ment which would give them the power of conducting the guerilla In their mountains which was now their only
hope. It would have been a grand stroke, and would have reacted
Balkan upon the whole
War
scene.
In our circle in. London we .ail
now this together. The diagram below shows the movement which was deemed feasible.
AUSTRIA
HUNGARY
Belgrade
YUGOSLAV
TALY
Tiran Bor Valonu
Cardu
Italian forces in Mbania Greck fores
| Lines of entry for Flipostav
rbrots usto Azbania”
100
THE
.1
consent of Cabinet,
moment.
and
Appeal
reasons
Simultaneously with this made the followiniz appeal; Prime Minister to General| Singapore: Simovic
April, 41.
France's premier was reported by a contemporary as promising remedies for low-puld workers as new strikes "threatened to engulf more of the nation's most vitial industries." shuffled This is known as a vitious
circle.
白
Q
warm
Mas and Chou given welcome on return to Peking.
Well, it was rather a hoppy
"World free gold market looks.
upward."
*
information.
窈
"How to get old." Don't you think we'll find out soon enough?
In the second week of February From every quarter my in-I became conscious of a siir, and formation shows rapid heavy flutter in the Japanese Embassy concentration and advance to and colony in London. They wards your country by German were evidently in a high state of ground and air forces. Large excitement, and they chattered to movements of air forces are one another with much indiscre- reported to us from France by tion: In these days we kept our
According to the fish merchants, our agents there.
Bombers eyes and cars open. Various re-
-cornering of the have
been withdrawn ports were laid before me which, there is no from Tripoli, according. our certainly gave the impression that market. It's just that the public African Army Intelligence. I they had received news from like to pay sky-high prices, cannot understand argument home which required them to that you are gaining time. pack up without a moment's de-
The one supreme stroke for iny.
even
RUMANIA
Bucharest
Sofia -BULGARIA
· CRETE
BALKANS··
Rhodes
Scarpanto
.to
URKEY
victory and safety, is to win a' decisive forestalling victory in Albania, and collect the masses of equipment that would fall into your hands. When the Tour German mountain divi isions reported by Your General Staff as entraining in the Tyrol reach Albania -a- very different resistance will confront you than could be offered by rear of the demoralised Italians.
In view of the world-wide In point of fact there is far publicity given to this state- more independence in either ment, it is possible the autho- of these two countries than rities here may wish to make there is in the China of some official reference to it, "leaning to the Soviet side." in spite of the fact that it There is no British "Port comes from an unofficial Arthur" in India, and poor as group. For the moment. India is, her economic posi- therefore, we shall withhold tion, and prospects, any comment upon it insofar nothing like so bad as they as the Colony is concerned. It are in China today. But there is, of course, common know-is no point in bandying words ledge that a Far Eastern Re- on details. The issue of Com- glonal Cominform has been munism as a domestic policy established in Peking. ・・ in China is a matter for the Since its formation, this Chinese themselves. But a branch of the Cominform has | policy which links up their avolded publicity, but there Government in the conspir- have been plenty of broadcast acles and violent policies of statements by Chinese Com the Cominform in other lands munist leaders directed to is a totally different matter. their "oppressed" brethren in It is a challenge that has to these countries.
be met and answered no less Ever since the Prague Com- vigorously both within the munist Congress, In April, States thus threatened and by the dominant faction In International action, on every China have committed them-plane political, economic, selves to the orthodox and if necessary military. Stalinist doctrine in theory," Intervention within: China and in their own country, in would be a fatal mistake.
Dill found only confusion and armed action and seizure of Communist intervention in paralysis in Belgrade. In spite power. “To think that revolu- other States In South East of my best endeavours,” oligarchy tion can be carried out peace Asia can be made as fatal for reported to Mr. Edan on April The national movement in Bel fully within the framework the Communists. It is the President of the council to race revolt entirely divorced from the
wás:ginable persuade
spontaneous of bourgeois democracy.... policy possessing the least to visit by you in the Immediate activition; of the small illegal but méons either madness, and the claims to popular support in future, Lie.” 1xplain that | Howlet-sponsored, Yugoslav; Com loss of normal human under Chins for Nationalism, re- the Yugoslav Government muntats party After waiting standing wrote Stalin, or rains a far greater political mainly for fear of the effect of week Stalin decided to
the internal situation,” were dem élse open and gross repudia, and psychological factor not termined to take no step: which tion of the proletarian revo- only in South East Asia but might be considered = provocative lation." The Bolshevik Revo- even In China herself. It has to Germany BALSA
3. On April 4 General Düll saat lution is the pattern, first at been a baslo, facto not quy full account of MIRA home and then abroad, in Yu
Nie
own
Ited in
our | matu
two ago by
peoples of Asia presumably. Hón Rollow Mao
and not that of
The mistakes of years cannot be remedied in hours. When the general excitement had subsided everyone in Belgrade realised that disaster and death ap- proached them and that, there was little they could do to avert their tate. The High Command garrison Slovenia and Croatia, to thought themselves forced to maintain A fictitious internal cohesion. They could now at last mobilise their armies. But there was no strategie.plan.
Confusion
are utterlyh
Fĭthought fromé
We have now; to chronicle the only occasion when a dash of sen- timent was allowed to mingle in the calculations of the Kremlin
ture
Ingwith? Gavrilovic, the
de after the
BLOSCON
milssion (sent from revolution. had been made. April 0.6 the
FL5
The agitation among the Japa- nese in London subsided quickly as it had begun. Silence and Oriental decorum reigned once more. On February 24 Mr. Shigemitsu, the Japanese Ambas sador, came to seo me. A record was kept of the meeting.
and
"Lengthy argument - as to whether it was necessay or not" for defendant to appear in court splash
mado д yesterday.
lead story
Needlessay defendant appeared later in the editor's office. The carpet,
noted, had An interesting pattern.
•
he
A New York. chemist asserts there is no harm in bubble-gumi-
Did he ever try sitting on any?
I dwelt upon the long friendly relations of the two countries, my own feelings over since the Japanese Alliance of 1902, and the great desire that we all felt here not to sunder-the-ing us or the United States, and reintions between the two coun- had no desire to becoms Involved tries.
in war with either Power.
-a-
Japan could not expect us to They would not attempt to attack view with approval what was Singapore or Australia, ho're
and going on in China, but we had peated several times that they maintained a correct attitude of would not
attempt to Kain neutrality, and indeed A very footing or make encroachments different kind of neutrality to in the Dutch East Indies. The which we had shown when only, complaint which Japan' had, that we had helped them in their war he said, was 'our attitude to against Russia. We had not the China, which was encouraging slightest intention of attacking China and adding to their dim- Japan, and had no wish to see culties. her other than prosperous and peaceful, and I said what a pity it would be if at this stage, when she already had China on her hands, she got into a war with Great Britain and the United States.
The Ambassador said that Japan had no intention of attack-
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