Page
THE CHINA MAIL, SATURDAY, MAY 28, 1940,
BIG FOUR MINISTERS FAIL
Japan's Recovery Greater Than UK's,
TO PROGRESS AT MEETING MacArthur States
Strike Still Lively, Good-Humoured Holding Exchanges On Germany Up Trains NEW AUSTRIAN DRAFT
four zone
Berlin, May 20. Russian-controlled rallway of felals tulay allowed.only trains to cross the British border on the Berlin line, where BI other trains were held up by sector Western of ⚫ the strike
railwaymen, British transport afrials reported here tonight.
Only seven trains had arrived in Berlin from the West during the past two days as a result of the six-day-old strike by
Communist workers
wo
1100-
the
Soviet controlled city railways.
The four trains
allowed
th
Zone
congested line by rail offelals at
21
border at
#but tak
on
Eastern the zone Magdeburg represented
num two-thirds in the num- her crussing
the same during period-midnight to 6 p.m. yester-
Paris, May 26.
The Big Four Foreign Minister again failed to make progress at their conference today on, Germany. No decisions, were made and there were lively exchanges towards the end of the session. Mr. John Foster Dulles, the United States Republican Party foreign affairs adviser, said after the meeting: "We had a picture of paradise In the East and hell in the West. It was pointed out that a good many Ger- mans seem to prefer hell to paradise."
minerals, agricultural raw materi- als and finished products to the
New York, May 26. General Douglas MacArthur, declared today, that Japan has made a greater post-war economic recovery than many European countries, includ- ing Britain, largely by its own effort. Without direct American recovery aid such as was given Western Germany, he said, Japan has increased its industrial output more than Poland, the Netherlands, France, Czecho- ..slovakia.
But MacArthur contended the jof the Pacifle allies-to: disarm delay in drafting a prace treaty the Japanese, create Democratle for Japan is keeping the coun- Institutions, and put into effect:
social and economic reforms try in an economic blockade,
Even after a treaty is signed, were realised two year ago.
The said, Japan faces the prospect 3. Inflation was unavoidable
*
the continuing struggle to feed but has not approached run- growing
from away stage, The Government is population shrunken; resources.
striking now at the cause with
measures MacArthur's statement in the economy
and credit US, magazine, Fortune, was in control. response to an article previously published in the magazine and entitled, "$2,000,000,000 Failure in Japan."
he
In a detalled recital of occupȧ- tion accomplishments mado these points:
received only American per capita. Statca has
one-fourth as rece would
ald
Eastern Zone.
The Soviet Foreign Minister, M. Andrei Vishinsky, dominated the meeting
with a long and bitter attack on conditions in Westem Germany.
figures given by such questions as reparations and He suld the
U.S.Soviet-owned trusts and Mr. Down Acheson, the
yesterday like to know whether M. Vishin- Secretary of State, about
in sky was proposing any modifica- German recovery
tion in the existing economy of the West did
the Soviet Zone. posal
questions. posul.
wis
nut
{1
WAN
M. Vishinky thought his pro- ཐ clear statement Schuman's answered M.
He repeated the pro-
which living and
convey lay, the British officials said. true pleture of the situation and cited facts and Agures to show Nearly
bad tempered. 100
Britons, axas-that in the Western Zones there Americons and
rising cost of perates after night-long shun-
increasing unemployment. zone sidings, around Soviet ng
M. Vishinsky compared this finally arrived here in military
M. Vishinsky said that econo. the Soviet 24 hours afternoon, trains this
of the Berlin Zone and linted the benefits sald mic and political unity could only overdue because
to have been conferred on the be reached through a single cen
by the detral German organisation. German population
Mr. Acheson, whe presided, liveries of raw materials, food and finished goods from the So- viet Union.
with conditions
in
Mr. Acheson said that he hoped M. Vishinsky would supply at- ditional facts on such subjects as reparations and the Soviet-owned trusts in the Eastern Zone.
rall strike.
A passenger aboard one of the trains
said that
to crown their
soldiers sit discomfort Russian ting beside the track laughed at them and said, "You can't blame us-there's no strike here."
The Commandants of the three Western sectors of Berlin met today a brief conference on
The sesalon closed with lively the, strike, the American-Heensed but on the whole good-humoured nows agency, Dena, reported,
According to German reports These began when Britain's Mr. the Soviol-controlled railroud
Ernest Bevin said that he hoped administration haut turned down M. Vishinsky's additional In-
for
exchanges.
an ofter by the strikers who formation could be presented to are demanding payment in Wes- some of the refugees from the
marks-to work inter-zonal Eastern
1ern trafic.
men
A strike official is reported to have said that some 400 railway- had earlier arrived at atations in the Western sectors.
"They said that they had been told by the Russians to do some work along the tracks and In the But they did not repair-sheds. want to net as strike-breakers so they joined up with us",
Police Protection
who Zone
were stif pouring in a steady stream into Western. Germany.
Perhaps, Mr. Bevin said, the picture of the remarkable pro- gross in the Eastern Zone would persuade them to return to East- ern Germany.
exid the Soviet proposal was R road that could not be travel
a reasonably prudent
ed by man. He sold: "No one ques tlone that there should bo supreme authority in Germany and an Allied Authority.
ture.
Roal Unity
ав
Germany,
the United
125
the large lle rebuild German Industry, cred
Mr. Bovin said that he would like to confront
people who number of over Into the Western from the Eastern Zoner this remarkable picture that, thereby, they might pag- sibly be induced to return.
2,
resources
Japan's Recovery
per
5 re
Japan's recovery, Tar from being the world's lowest, compared favourably with that of European natione. Produc- tion output gained 100 per cent in two years. up to the end of 1948, compared with
cant in
In Germany and.
In Britain, 20 per cent
expected to ex- In the U.S. $425,000,000 cams MacArthur was expressly order-year ending June 30, compared Zones ud by the American Government with
in 1940. $103,000,000- with in 1845 to require the Japanese
charges in the In answering and to rely on their own
MacArthur previous article for recovery.
denied that
tax col that bureau- teracy and controls are increasing, corruption and that
is shocking ten commonplace.
MacArthur contended the in-. erease in economic crimes Was less
than in other war-ravaged countries and that political cor- has run afoul of a new
of concept political MacArthur declared actual government administrative em. ployees, including postal workers and national rural police, num- hered 839,500. Ho said they were the first to be screened in the occupation purge programme. An
The occupation, entered a lections have so
new phase last year when
Stream Of Refugees Officials of the British delusa-toring Japan's self support be- epme an avowed occupation ob- tion estimated that the stream of Jective. The original major alins
Zone refugees into Eastern Western Germany now averaged
a month.
these discussion of the economie prab 40,000 roughly 30,000 reached the Bri-lems of German unity. tish Zone.
made
He
Of
1
105
pro-
Experience in previous four-
power meatinga has shown. that i pos
stated. Its maximum demands for, several days-to test the Western resistance before agreeing compromise solutions.
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M. Vishinsky said
that there was no need for Mr. Bevin to thank him for the Information, which was modest, but facts were facts. As to the interrogation of people who had crossed the zones, "We in the West have created M. Vishinsky said that they, in
Eastern Zone, had the
number real unity, raised economie stand-
It was learned from a reliable ards, dealt with the many out of people who came over, from
British Zone, standing problems and have turn-the
He always source in London tonight that the ed Western Germany Into a go-felt that too much trust should United States has prepared
In utilities and other ing concern."
not be put in the tales they completely, revised "draft of the enterprises which in Japon are Mr. Acheson added: "By a brought.
Austrian State Treaty on which Government-owned. vast effort we have created Mr. Acheson said that M. VI-the-Big Four Foreign Ministers Acknowledging that Govern peaceful democratie society with shinsky had
start for deputies have reached a deadlock mont
and private enterprises the essential economic sub-struc- which he thanked the Soviet For- after more than 100 meetings, follow a divide-the-work policy,
eign Minister,
this was one way would like Reuter's diplomatic correspondent he said Mr. Bovin sald the question him
absorbing the surplus workers. was whether or not the unity of om to continue to produce in- wrote.
formation about the Soviet Zone. The new American move was
**IL may have been the means Germany, as suggested in the So-Now they might be provided with. said to be inspired by a desire of preserving the Capitalist vlet proposal, would approximate Information
for an all-out effort to obtain | structure on such subjects as
in Japan," he said, Claims Roviowed
to what had been created in the
tions, Sovlet-owned
a. solution on the tresty, which "Certainly It has been the means Reviewing the claims of the Western Zonca,
in the Eastern Zone and la Item 4 on the aganda of the of avoiding the unrest inevitable Western
about the He wanted to know what the other maliers powers
which
Council of Foreign Ministers, wore funda-
Lo mass unemployment." achievements in
Weston Allied Control Council the
would mental to the consideration of the The basis of the plan, it was Zones, M. Vishinsky said that it have to control, what economic problem before them.
understood, would be to offer to the Russian had always been
was to be system was
sat up, and
The General said the rise of view that more liberty and res-about the problem of reparations. them could very much like sub-former German in Austria trade unionism, with occupa- we knew that, it would be fects to be imposed on them, and in so far as they represent
tion encouragement, was a factor, ponsibility should be given to the
only Germans.
possible to if there was he hoped that he could offer the an economie burden, in return for the post-war growth of ex- He was glad to see that the
same facilities as the others in concessions on political matters, Western powers were adopting
uch as the Yugoslav claims for If four-power control could be this matter, point of view.
made to work, and good, Mr. Acheson replied that no frontier changes and the Slovene M. Vieninsky ridiculed the Mr. Bevin eald, but it must be obligation was lavolved. It was Carinthia demand for autonomy. Western, powers' arrangements understood that in West Germany merely a request.
In so far as the economic bur- for three-power control of their they
entirely committed to they
M. Vishinsky said that the den proved too great for Aus Zones, particularly the provi-43,000,000 Germons by what had Western claims that the matria, assistance would be provid
sures they slon whereby the United States happened in the last 18 months.
takan in had
Gen-ed the United States,, it
ed by
wus controlling
Vishinsky cited
many were dictated by security believed in London.
The only .considerations, were wrong, The Russian claims on German 49-
Occupation Statule prepared by pets, which the United States. the Western powere
went far would contest, would beyond security questions, into which would limit Austrian the field of Forolan trade, oua sovereignty over 'its own oil pro- toms and International rela-ducing Industry.
It was believed that this plan Western observers are increas-would be presented when He said that the ingly convinced that the most question of the Austrian State Soviet Union had given consider-likely road to a pregressive four-Treaty is discussed by the For-
asaistance in grain, fata, | power understanding is through a sign Ministers.-Router.
West sector.. police head- this after- quarters reported noon that railworkers who re-us fused to work had asked for:
were granted police pro- and tection. Russian officers tonight visited some Western sector stations and steam-up ordered strikers to locomotives und repair damaged railroad Installations.
was a
busis for agreement."
were
MVishinsky said that none of meet fully, the Rus, claims on
tlone.
be those
Trade Unionism
port trade.
"Pre-war competition
and
offered
in world markets by cheap Jap
anese goods based on underpaid labour was a source of continuing. complaint in resentment other countries," he said.
"With the
trade unionium developed undor the occupa- tion, Japanese labour for the first time in history has been) freed from
For exploitation. the first time in kistory, a proper. balance, le
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An official spokesman for the
ed vole over measures involy-designed to show the increased striking Independent Trade Union
ing the United States in in cost of living and decreased em- (UGO) said, "Our men naturally
mealstanca. ployment in the Western Zones. crossed financial refused to .oboy any. Sovlot
Recovery in
in the Russian Zone. He also produced figures alow- them that the orders. They told
said. M. Vishinsky, had beening the progress made in the strike is still on".
external Eastern. Zone. an .Mrs. Joe Hemiray, of Felix-achieved without
Germany had no Industrial output in the Eastern stowe, England, who arrived in debt, Eastern
deficit. It had a surplus of 700 Zone was 00.0 per cent of the milltary train this million marks in 1948, and would 1936 level.. the British afternoon, pold a tribute to the
have
truly surplus of 1,000 million generosity of passengerB of the marks in 1949. Amerlear train, when they were
It had a bet
better record in pub- packed side by side at one So.
henith and educational services vlet zane siling.
older and richer "The Americans passed food than certain
Vishinaky asserted.
1
ས
countries. M. to us through the windows and M. Vishinsky, in a retort to Mr. were particularly wonderful to the kiddies," she said. "Few on Bevin, said that one should not
the British traln thought
of
believe stories peddled by taking food along and there was fugees.
stories
гем
He could easily produce unfavourable to the no diner".
Western Zones by Germans who Earlier, British spokesmen sold that the stoppage was hold had left
Ing up 34 trains between- the
Union
them for the Soviet
When the meeting_opened, M.-
Western zones and Berlin, among Robert Schuman, the French For-
them four
trains.
military passenger | ជ
After the three-Power mandatura met today
official
Minister, asked M. Vishinsky,
Kom-to clarify the economic aspects of
his proposals for a return to four.
a British power control of Germany.
"The M. Schuman anid that he would.
. spokesman BRIU,
Commandanta talked about the like to hear the Soviet views on'
"situation but do. more
given out."
that will be
on than Leaders of the striking rail are giving roodmen's union also had me» lust now.
out no
information
eret meeting in Berlin after "We both have a good reason which a spokesman said. "Like for maintaining alience at pre-
the Western Commandants wo sent."-Heuter.
able
the
In the Japanese economy, and; the Japanese exportarm must. find their marketa off a more
competitive basis."
Associated Press,
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