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REGIONAL DEFENCE
For good or ill, the world is slowly forming vast systems
of regional defence, and agita- tion for some kind of Pacifie alliance can be confidently expected in the near future. First moves will almost cer- tainly come, directly or other- wise, from Americo, but un- less events force her hand, she is likely to let the flurry over the Atlantic Pact die
down belore embarking new commitments.
on
is
At the moment there heated criticism of the West- ern agreement, largely mo- tivated by Moscow, although often obliquely. Part of the Communist technique is the qulet dissemination of pro- paganda By "underground" methods-apparently reason- able criticism of Allied policy likely to appeal to Left Wing writers and politicians, who may adopt the commenta as their own. While strongly opposing Communism, these social-democrats' are often un- witting tools of the Kremlin, and instances of this can be obviously seen at the present moment in Europe and the United States.
Yesterday Mr. Henry Wal- lace, former U.S. vice-pre- sident and now leader of a third party, came out with another denunciation of his country's foreign policy, say. ing that America would now be at war with Russia If she had been bound in Asia by
a treaty like the Atlantic Pact. Mil- lions of Chinese, he maintain- ed, hated America "for feed- ing the fires of the civil war that might have been avoid- ed." This is a typical Wallace half-truth. Certainly the Chinese are now heartily sick of the civil war, but in the early days many of them were even more afraid of the Reds, and welcomed aid from the West. Mr. Wallace may have been quite happy to see the representatives of Mos- cow overrun the whole sub- continent, but many others did not share his views. And the corrupt disintegration of the Kuomintang cannot fair- ly be laid at the door of Washington.
Another ridiculous remark was that "whereas the coun- try was only partially Com- munist when our military aid began, today it is all but com- pletely Communist." 5+
Would
the situation have been any different, would Marxist do- mination concepts have been cancelled, if there had been no foreign intervention?
THE CHINA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 30, 1949.
WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS: THE SECOND BOOK
THEIR FINEST HOUR
Action In North Africa
Prime Minister to Generat
Wavell,
13.xl1.40.
I send you my heartfelt con- gratulation on your splendid victory, which fulfills our highest hopes. The House of Commons was stirred when I explained the skilful Staff work required, and daring execution by the Army of its arducus task. The King will send you a message as soon as full results are ap- parent. Meanwhile, pray con- vey my thanks and compliments to Wilson and accept the same yourself,
The port Walt Whitman says that from every fruition of accvRF, however full, come forth some thing to make a greater struggle necesary.
pursuit
Naturally.
By Winston Churchill
and landings behind the enemy's front to cut off hostile detach ments and to carry forward mupplies and troops by sea.
Furious Again
and refuelling bases to maintain naval control of the critical stretch wof the route round the Cape,
air
༣ and marine defences, and Fourthly, a French de Gaullini captured 110,000 prisoners and brigade from England, with West over 700 guns. The great Italian African reinforcements, was to be Army which had invaded and sent round the Capt to Egypt in hoped to conquer Egypt, scaresly order to effect the capture of | existed o a, military force, and Jibouti, in case conditions there
only the Imperlous difficulties of became favourable
(Operation distance and mapilles delayed an Marie). indefinite advance to the West,
A Brigade
Fray convey my compliments and congratulations to Longmone on his magnificent handling of RAF. and fine co-operation with the Amy. I hope most of Korous support was provided by the new Hurricanes have reach the Fleet, Bardia and Tobruk were made to reinforce Malta, part-
that are
the
Throughout these operations vi-
bombarded from
Preparation wete
"Reds Offensive." My own view, entirely.
The Reform Club thinks the new bulget is very cold blooded, Never- theless it made Myrtle grand- father very hot under the collar. Looks as if the Nationalists are negotiating for the worst and simultaneously arming for the worst.
•
According to our printers yes~ terday,
from frogs
Amerlea used for laboratory "might be purposes in medical colleoguts." ·
And it the colleagues, ob- Jeet...?
•
Now a film står is held up as an exemplary mother.
My illusions about gay, immoral Hollywood are porishing one by
one.
A contemporary says UNO han so teeth. So, of course, there will be no pulling out,
also being ed him safely. Tell him we are in turn heavily
again with the sex and the Fleet Air Armicularly in air power (Operation Alling up Furious
Winch) with the object of regain another even larger packet of played its part In the battle on flyables from Takerudi. He will landh Above all, the Navy stained Sicily and Tanik, Ax an important control of the passage between also got thone
Army in its advance by hand ing about 3,000 tons of supplies a element in this policy all plans day for the forward troops, be had been made for the capture by Invaluable brigade of commandes, of which Sir Roger Keyes wished to take
"On his father's aide ha wAN I personal command, of the rocky descendant of Sir James Lind, islet of Pantellerin (Operation 19th century medical writer who Workshop).
discovered lime juice could pre- vent security.".
carried through in Operation]
Excess. Hath these should arrive early in January.
18.xii.40.
St. Matthew, Chapter vil, verse 7: {"Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you."]
Bardia wen our next objective, Within its perimeter, 17 miles in
four more Italian divisions. The anti-tank ditch and win obstacles defences cumprised continuous
with concrete block-houses at in tervals. and behind this was a second line of fortifications. The storming of thin
considerable
Rides maintaining an ferry service for personnel through The captureil porta.
Their Success
Suda
and s
Add
will hold the first place in your Prime Minister to General Wavell. thoughts. It is at the moment when the victor in most exhaust- ed that the greatest forfeit can
Every effort was ordered to bo be exacted from the vanquished.
Our victorious
terum and it keeps out army was also į made to develop a strong naval the cold. Nothing would shake Mussolini
greatly indebted for their success and air base in Crete. at moro than a disaster in Libya
to the mastery which the Royal Bay, pending the movement thit- Itself. No doubt you have con-
"Now, if there's anything you Air Force gained over the Regis hor of any reinforcements for want," said the hotel manager to Aldered
taking some harbour in
Aeronautica. Although in inferior garrison which a change in the Italian territory to
the new numbers, the which the
agressiveness
permanent of Greek situation mighty require. We
resident, fleet can bring all your stuff
our pilots soon established a com- were developing airfields in Greece just let me know, and I'll show and which will give you a new extent, was the greater part of plete moral ascendancy that gave both to aid the Greek Army nera | you how to do without it,"
them the freedom of the air. Our strike at Italy or if necessary, at "Oh, doctor," cried the wild- a rich reward, and attacks on enemy airfields reaped the Romanian fields. Similarly, syed man, "T dreadfully affile!- hundreds of, the active development of air-ed. The ghosts of my departed their aircraft were later foran fields in Turkey and technleni as- relatives come and perch on the lops of the fence-posts round my parden when dunk falls. Any evening I can see a couple of dozen spooks sitting on top of the posts, walling....What can I
o?"
"Sharpen the tops of the posts,"" advised the doctor.
Jumping-off paint se hunt them Along the coast until you come up against real resistance. looks as if these people were corn ripe for the alckit.....
wrecked and abandoned.
In this instalment, which con-
in
sistance to the Turks was in pre-
As Byron Raid: They at break of day.
had been driven from Egypt. The The
By December 16 all enemy troops stronghold required preparation. cludes the second volume of his Finally, the revolt in Abyssinia
7th Armoured Division book, Mr. Churchill reviews the
was being fanned by every means greater part of the Italian forces prevented all enemy escape to the situation at the end of 1940. and respectable forces were based remaining in Cyrenales had with North and North West.
For the k drawn within the defences of Bar-assault there were available the the numerous tasks and projects White Nile, against the menace of
b Khartoum At this stage we
to atrike in the may review neighbourhood of Kassala, on the dia, which was now isolated. This 6th Australian Division, the 18th for which plans, and in most cases inrge Italian army in Abyssinia. ended the first phase of the battle British Infantry Brigade, the 7th!
The US, sent the Greek. Army the destruction of the greater part] (26 taŋks), one machine-gun bat-approve, was of course the defence Kenya for an amphibious advance months. of Sidt Barzani, which resulted in Battalion Hoyar Tank Regiment Preparations, had been made, and
A principle obtained. movement was planned from 400,000 LOTA of supplies in 12 of five enemy divisions. Over 38,- talion, one field and one medium of the island against invasion: We Into the Red Sea to capture the when the sun set-where were
The first
East African Coast and counted them 000 prisoners were taken; our own regiment of Corps Artillery. casualties were 133 kllel, 387
and equipped, Italian fortified seaports of Assab they?" wounded and 8 mlasing.
To complete this episode of though not in tast
highest standard of modern equip desert victory I shall intrude upon ment, nearly 30 high-class mobile conquest of the Italian colony of the New Year. The attack opened divisions, a large proportion of early on January 3. One Austra-whom were Regulars, and all ar setillery concentration seized and training for 15 months. Of thes lian battalion covered by atron whose men had been under intensi held a lodgment in the Western
Our Cause
Prime Minister to General Wavell
10.1.40
In
had now amed
all casen
up the
and Manawa, with a view to the
Eritres.
the
Kind Letter
from
•
"I take everything my husband ys with a grain of salt,” said the lady as she showed the visitor a back room half filled with the stuff.
•
·
ས
Some people are incapable of The Army of the Nite has rendered in the anti-tank ditch, Two coastal troops, 16 would be suff the War Cabinet a wide choice of for a gift. It must be taken for Thus I was able to lay before expressing in words their thanks porimeter. Behind them engineers we considered that apart from the Klorious service to the Empire and to our cause,
clent to deal with oversca Invasion, carefully-considered Australian brigades
об carried on and we are the attack and swept
and detailed' grunted, already
East and reaping rewards
at very enterprises which could The Home Guard, now South Eastwards. They sang at than a million men, had rides and
more short notice be launched against every quarter. We are deeply that time a song they had brought some cartridges in their hands, among them
A newly-commissioned type in indebted
Wilson to you,
enemy, and certainly, and with them from Australia which apart from our reserve. We there means for an active and unceasing ther's home the other evening. the RAF was very proud as he other commanders, whose fine
we could find the escorted the C.O. Into his mo professional skill and nudacious soon spread to Britain.
fore had 12 or 16 divisions avall overseas offensive warfare, albeit He is not sure of his promotion leading have gained as the "We're off to see the Wizard, able for offensive action overseas verse
esme, le rent of lente van The wonderful wizard of Oz. We The reinforcement of the Bildd to ove during the our conduct good lady's bright query, tr as need and opportunity arose on a secondary scale, with which chances, however, following the Your first objective now hear is Whiz of a Wit, East, and especially of the Army 1941, throughout which the build-aren't you?"
of the war during the early part of yes, you're the station master, of the Nile, from Australia anit New Zealand and from India hading up of our main war-strength ponsible extent. We were very those buoyant days. By the after, already been provided for by tanks and artillery, would be con- j
byin men and munitions, in aircraft, glad to learn
intentions noon of the 4th, British tanks-shipping and by other arrange tinuously and immensely expanded. Į against Bardia and Tobruk, and "Matildas" as they wore named still closed, very long voyages and ments. As the Mediterranean w** of the intest cap supported by infantry, to bear tures of Sollum and
and Capuzzo,
entered many weeks were required for all 1 Bardia, and by the 6th all the these convoys and their escorts. feel convinced that
only defenders had surrendered,, Forty- after you have made sure that five thousand prisoners and 482 you can get no farther that you will relinquish the main hope in favour
must be to maut the Italian ever a wiz there was." army and rip them off the African shore to the utmost
Now
your
of secondary action in the Soudan or Dodecanese,
This tune always reminds me of
were taken,
Before Tobruk
Good Army
that the two on the 7th the leading Australiansted landing. In
CON
ed, both its lights and its shadows As the end of the year approach-
stood out harshly on the picture. We were alive. We had beaten the German Air Force. There had been Island. The WHA now very
no
But
Secondly, in case Vichy or the invasion of the French in North Africa should Army at. home
powerful. London had risen By next day, January 6, Tobrus rally to the common osuse, we had triumphant from all her ordeals. The Soudan is of prime import-in Ite turn had been
prepared an Expeditionary Force isolated by of six divisions, with an air com air mastery over our own Island Everything connected with our ance, and eminently desirable, the 7th Armoured Division, and and it may be
for an unopposed Indian brigades ie. the 4th brigade stood before ita Eastern Atlantic ports, principally Car Mosc
and was improving fast. The amear of Moroccan
Communists
who obeyed their British Indian Division] can be defences. Here the perimeter was blanca. Whether we could move Capitalist-Imperialist
Moscow orders gibbered about spared without prejudice to the 27 miles long and similar to that this good array to French Morocce the
Wat. Libyan pursuit battle. The Do- of Bardis, except that the anti-
the factories hummed and the decanase will not get harder for tank dich at many points was not more rapidly than the Germans and day, uplifted by a surge of for to Couta opposite Gibraltar whole ritish nation tolled night a little waiting. But neither of deep enough to be effective. them ought to detract from the garrison consisted of one
could come in equal numbers and relief and pride. Victory sparkled com-quipment through Spain depended in the Libyan Desert, and across supreme task of Inflicting dur-plete infantry division, a corps upon the degree of Spanish resis the Atlantic the Great Repub. ther defeats upon
the main headquarters, and a mass of re-tance. We could, however, if a lie drew ever nearer to her duty Italian army. I cannot, of course, mnants from the forward areas. pretend to
vited, and if we liked it, land at and our aid judge special con- ditions from here, but Napoleon's
It was not possible to launch the
Cadiz to surport the Spaniards, maxim: "Frappez la masse et assault tili January 21, when
Thirdly, in case the Spanish tout le reste ulent par surcreit"
under a strong barrage another Government yielded to German seems to ring in one's oara.
Australian brigade pierced the pressure and became Hitler's sliy must recur to the suggestion perimeter on its Southern face. or co-beiligerant, thus making the made in my previous tologram The 1wo other brigades about amphibious
of harbour at Gibfaltar unusable, we operations the division entered
the held ready a strong brigade with bridgehend thus farmed, awing four suitable fast transports to Indo-china torn by its own wa
ing off to left and right. By night-e
neize or occupy some of
of the Atlan=' fall one-third of the defended area the islands. The Spanish Canarica civil war; the Dutch East In-morning all resistance ceased. The
was in our hands, and early next were among these. Alternatively, dies in unhappy travall; rich orisoners amounted to nearly 30, Agaced that we might for this pur- the Portuguese Government Malaya tottering on the verge 000 with 238 guns.
pose invoke the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance of 1373, "Friends to by tribal warfare; the uneasy weeks advanced over 200 miles of might set up with all speed a base The Desart Army had in six friends, and foon to foes," we association of India-Pakistan I waterless and doodless space, had in the Cape Verde Islands. This fable to Communist or caste taken by assault disorders at any given time.
two strongly operation, called fortified seaports with permanent would secure us the necessary afr "Bhrappal",
of chaos; Burma prostrated
The fact remains, however, that any form of Pacific Pact will be very much more dif- ficult to implement than the Atlantic Pact. The area to be consolidated is vast, and
All with widely divergent separated by endless leagues ideologies, and stages of de- of sea. The matter is further velopment; many with an- complicated by the variety of cient hatreds and taboos. Only social and economic develop- one voice has permeated them ment, and degree of self-all-Asia for the Asiaties. DO YOU government. There is the, And it is a pitiful, archaic echo
Dominion of Australia, from Tokyo in an age of high- KNOW power but power politics. Would anyone
YOUR
HONG
KONG?:
£1 Sovereign voluntarily linked by back- say that they would all rally ground and other ties to Bri-round a Western imperialistic tain; the now independent but concept? Hardly. And would troubled, former American they could they amalga possession of the Philippines: mate as separate units? Even Occupied Japan, with Mac- the didactic senators in Wash. Arthur gitting as godhead,ington do not think so. with power more sweeping It is not to be wondered" than Hirohito had, but un- that the handful of despots in certain of the future of his the Kremlin are smacking" Mature cloud-capped alatus: Korea dead loss in an emergency, divided between two war ring colosal; ruined. China about to come under the vel vete-band of the Politburo
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