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AMERICAN WARNING TO SOVIET RUSSIA 'Dangerous Misconceptions' Of The Russian Leaders DETERMINATON OF WEST
Washington, March 19. The State Department today warned the men in the Kremlin that it would be dangerous for them to under estimate the power and determination of the West to take united action against attack, The Department's said it wants to dispel serious misconceptions in the minds of leaders of the Soviet Union about the physical and moral strength of the Western democracies,
It added that although only Congress can put the United States formally into a war, the U.S. can certainly obligato itself in advance to take such action including the use of armed force as it dooms necessary to mest armed attack affecting its national security.
2
will bring corrective
Influence.
and 3. The developing unity of the North Atlantic community.
The warning was set forth in blunt and unistakeable term, in a 6.500-word White Paper on the North Atlantic treaty which the United States and seven possibly 11 other powers will sign here on April 4.
Sitti Soviet The Department mniscanerptions as to the West's Juck intentions have power
Russia Blamed Bloome
years 341 recentl "The clear intention of the par-
world Barnes the present ties in the act to take
tension squarely on Russin's un- 14- cooperate to action, coupled with oveparation willingness of the mentis
ward a solution of post-war pro-
for Toises The document the first time the posssiblity that [1 well na Spain may Germany eventually become pact members. ut the entry of both is out for American nu- The sent, and thorities concede that Germany's efuncts are slim even
cleat for the distant future.
united
should to do s
3.
intimation
Object Of Pact In explaining Article 5 of the Bact, the White Paper, says the intention of the parties to the pact to fake
united action, coupled with propera- to do so, tions of the meane should remove the danger af miscalculation by any potential aggressor that he could aucceed In overcoming
one.
tham
one
by
"Firmness does not in itself remove the danger of miscalculables. The Paper alludes to ut-
aggressorPAREN
of provide the solutions of under- Soviet We tempted in over.
Greece and Turkey and the Com-lying problems, but 12 does in
Czechoslovaki, crease the readiness of ambitious munist coup in
seek solutions by rather thun by and aid that Soviet obstruction nations in the United Nations with ex-negotiations
tion by any potential that he could successi coming them one by one." document sald.
The White Paper niso carried a warning to the American people
cessive use of the veto, and the
hre
force"
20
THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, MARCH 21, 1949.
'Senate Will Approve Bill
Washington, March 19. Approval of the North Atlantic Union treaty by the required two-thirds majority of the United States Senate In May or June la now re- garded as cortain in Ad- ministration circles.
u|
The reaction of the Benate to the pact has been avor. Al- whelmingly favourable. most the only difficulty which the Administration expects is necessary obtaining the funds from Congress to sup ply the arma and equipment which it proposes to send to the other pact member Router.
Observers To Visit Jogjakarta
SMALL
COUNTRIES
AGITATING FOR WIDER AGREEMENT
London, March 19.
Little country pressure for a global alliance against
Communism is mounting stoodily.
Many countries which were left out of the Atlantic pact want to join the West in a binding treaty. This could be done in a single global treaty or in a series of interlocked regional pacts,
Regional agreements appear
to have most of the backing. The possibilities that some of them are, overlapping include:
1. A Pacific pact linking the United States, island countries and Asiatic nations now thren- tened by the Communist sweep across China, -.
*Z A Middle Eastern headed by Turkey and countries with the Jewish of Israel invited to join.
pact
Arab state
3. A Northern Mediterraneun pact, including Spain, Greece and possibly Turkey.
Backers of these proposals argue that the anti-Communist coalition may as well be com-
Batavia, March 19. Representatives of the United Nations Commission are flying to Jogjakarta for a first-hand investigation into conditions in the former Republican capital.pleted.
A United Nations spokesman
today said that deputy members
Alg
power diplomats, How-
THOREZ' ATTACK ON PACT
Paris, March 19. The Atlantic Pact undenazifies and undemocratises Germany and makes her the virtual ally of France in the American war against the Soviet Union, the French Communist leader, M. Maurice Thorez, declared today.
"France ands herself chained to the war chariot of the Amerl- enn millionaires." The people of France refuse to consider them- by the pact, tr of the three-Power Commission ever, fear taking
on ton mar,selves bound
suld. They wanted to are making the Jogjakarta trip. jobs at once. which will be the first for civili-get the Atlantle pact machinery a United Nations officials alnce assembled before trying to con- their members were flown out of struct
bulwarks against the Republe by the Dutch Army possible Communist aggression. a few days after the surprise at- tack on the Republic on Decem- ber 10.
(United Nations military ob- regularly servers have been stationed in Jogiakurta for the past two months).
The United Nations Com- mission is stranded at Kallurang, a mountain resort near Jogja- kurta, where they were holding sessions when the Dutch invaded
the urea.-Associated Press.
THE KING
London, March 10, Buckingham Palace zources to- that King George day reported it continues to make satisfactory
progress.United Press.
and to other pact nations. It said Soviet failure to live up to its The pact is designed to bring which they must inse
conditions Charter, about world time no
the obligations under dere up the military
tor will permit the United Nations to responsible directly shoring fences. The present weakness of motivating the Rio defence treaty. function as contemplated at the Western
Europe.
So declared.
Francisco conference, part and the At- the Brussels affords golden opportunity for
lontie
It says that Soviel concludes.United Press, trenty. a new aggressor.
The paper was issued as Ad-intransigentice has blocked major
pence settlements.
11
ministration sources urged. speed 4. Seriously questions int ratestit of the new part i once it is signed, col
but up the military strength of the Alltes,
Military Aid
underlying natives
Lite Russin's
action lateral mutual assistance pacts with satelite nations, and said relale in that how these parts the utted Nations Charter is not
the tren clear. The wording of tres, except for provisions against renewal of German aggression, Is vaste and generalised
that. Declares
L'unpress
Whe
sand Congress
furnish world he asked to isveen one and two billion dollies Wortlau mutantiams 10
does
leglare war other autheity o countries in the first year of the not present a real obstacle to the i fact's operation.
There munitions will
not. atomic however, include The homb. The bulk will consist of artillery, tanks, anti-tank guns and other heavy ground equip. ment Nor will the United States lend-lease its big bom. bers such as the B3 and the globe-girding 850
Britain
and Frase
will be of the lighters
asked to supply any planes.
including ju needed for defence of the treaty area,
The White Paper makes the United States stake in the puct crystal clear.
Aggressors' Dream
Ipaet.
Possible Soviet Counter-Action
Moscow, March 19.
Pondering the world impact of the Atlantic pact,
some Western observers here suggest the fol lowing as possible Soviet counter-moqsures:
"The United States certainly can obligate itself in advance to take such action, including the war of armed force. an it deems necessary to meet arm-Eastern European countries into
cf
ed attack affecting the national security. The fultiment treaty obligations as far as a Con- declaration of
war by gre's is concerned does not in- States from hibit the United undertaking a commitment."
1. Denunciation of the Anglo- ja bloc similar to the Atlantic
loc. Russlart friendship pact.
Formal 2
3. organisation1 of
Universal increasing of its peace offensive.
JAPAN WON'T BE A VICTIM
Tukyo, March 19. William J. Sebald, political adviser to the occupation, dec. that the United lared today that the United Sta- States should continue to con- tes does not intend to allow
Powerful Impact
6. 1 slates
ere oply pressure,
tire European continent ** 7. The United States will not
come under
the
50 carry the entire burden
to North Atlantic security pact, al-
name
-of
excuse
4. Introduction by the Soviets of a resolution at the United Na- tions Assembly condemning the pact as a violation of the United Nations Charter.
Western observers generally do not belleve that the Soviet
Union
will over relations with the
diplomatie
other
Indirect Links
"The Atlantic Pact is in Ant contradiction to the principles of collective security and to the principles proclaimed by the United Nations. It is a flat con- tradiction to the engagements
the which several of
signatory Including These diplomate believe that countries,
our own, practically all of Western have contracted with the Soviet world la finked Indirectly with | Union.” the Atiantie pact. Britain's commitments with monwealth aprends ciple of mutual defence Africa and the Pacific.
ite
Com the prin. to
Similarly Britain's mutual as- sistance treaty with Transjordan indirectly makes the Atlantic al- llance powers interested in the Middle East.
the
Pazo 7
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M. Therez claimed that Ar- tiale 4 of the pact-eaying that the parties will consult if the territory,
or | Hongkong, 1, Connaught Road. Independence of any of them te security
Kowloon, Peninsula Hotel. threatenedmeans miltary in-
the by
United to cass of strikem
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It would
such strikes falsely that
and sustained inspired abroad to bring into play war mechantm of the Atlantic Pact, he said.Reuter.
An attack on the United States In
Western
Hemisphere would invoke the pact of Rio de Janeiro which calls for consulta- tions with all Southern American countries. The Truman Doctrine Involves the United States and
RUSSIANS BEING Indirectly other Atlantic pact powers in the fale of
TOLD TRUTH Greece and Turkey. The Greek and Turkish Foreign Ministers have led a The Moscow radio began parade of "outsiders" trying to broadcasting the text of the At- Join the treaty with the West.lantic Treaty today. They would join eilher the This was the first word here Middle East bloc or the Medi- that details of the proposed de- terranean pact.
London, March 20.
fence pact are being distributed throughout Russia. The Moscow The Pacific countries arc
radio said the total length of the growing more anxious as unrest broadcast would be about 4.200. in South East Asin increases and words and is being released under Communist consolidation in
Washington dateline-As50- China continues.-United, Press,
cinted Press.
SHAKESPEARE
AND SHAW
London, March 19. William Shakespeare
and George Bernard Shaw are the principal characters in a puppet play that Mr. Shaw has written for six marionettes. It will be
. presented signatories
the revived Malver Drama Festival on August 9. it was announced today by the
the Lan- chester Marionette Theatre.
The play is called and Show."
"Shakespeare Last January, Mr.
of the Atlantic pact or leave the United Nations.
As expected, the Soviet press unanimously described the Alan-
who
said:
solidate Friendships and the sup-Japan to fall a victim to that De pact as a conspiracy against Shaw, who will be 93 years old port it now enjoys from free type of Insidious concealed peace, while Russia is the chief
on July 28, was reported to be and friendly nations. This should
aggression and Inoltration guardian of peace.
The "Literary Gazette" devot-writing a "straight play" called under It said: "The security of the be followed by peaceful mean which labours darkly
ed a whole page of peace cifen- "Buoyant Billion" for this year's be to reduce the area within which United States would again
international sive led by an article by Nikolai first post-war Malvern Festival. can effectively the aggressor If the en-any
Communism,
Tikhonov, seriously endangered
-Reuter. "Wall in a speech,
Mr. Sebold sald Street magnates are hastily con- longer any of the there is no
cluding pacts which even from to be miried
by ofer smell of gunpower."-Unit- for anyone Communists.
Recent declarations of and other countries
that they would nid the Soviet Army are simply trenson, a betrayoi at family, nation, Inaguage, and of The history wrought by forefathers, he said.-Associated Press.
once more to domination of a power or asso- clat ol-powers antagonistic to the United States, 1
clear in
to
Com-
this case that dominance of the provide militory assistance to the munists in France, Italy, Britain
European continent, once attain ed and consolidated, could be the first step in a larger plan of at- tack on Britain and then on the
do its share though it will other parties of the pact.
be the overall yardstick wi
Interests of the security and United States.
The White Paper stresses that United States and the rest of the from the problems of immediate Western hemisphere."
It also: 1. suggests
that the post-war relief to the economic crisis disclosed by the bitter present precarious world security winter of 1947, and from the situation is little different from the Nazi-produced tension of the attempted Soviet intimidation of late 1930's, and
ed Press.
FARBEN TRAGEDY
EIRE GRANT TO FARMERS
Limerick, March 10. Eire will pay farmers a gront £20 for each scro of derellet Jand reeininged to produce grasa, Mr. James Dillon, Minister
to- Agriculture, announced here day
"One third of the grant will be represented by fertiliser, which the Government an-
will distribute, Where a farmer is unable to do Govern- ex- the work himself, the
Ludwigshaven, March 19. Gas escaping from a boiler car
the ene's caused
which explosion killed 270 and injured more than the 1.G. Farben factory nt 3,800 here
last July, the International Investigation Commisalon Brussels, March 19. The Belgian Government today nounced today. Greece and Turkey to the Com-set up a Commission of Parlia- The report said that the that suggests Nazi Germany's dream of world munist overthrow of democracy mentarians and jurists study treme heat from the sun caused ment will do it for him, recouping in Czechoslovakla, cach cme the position of King Leopold III, the dimethyl-ether gas to com- expenses by an annual charge of conquest is now Soviet Russia's.
gency required practical action
at present living in exile.Reu- bine, with the air and explode.-10 shillings per acre reclaimed. nations of the for the democratic nations. if the free world had been, given early
Impact The powerful
treaty can be ex- warning in the course of Nazi the Atlantle #ggression, the Paper says, the pected to have on world affairs, Axis powers might well have it says, derives from three fac been stopped before they pre- tors; 1. The stature and strength
of the states Faced
it- which have cipitated war In 1939,
of be- with sufficient firmness, poten- dicated their intentions tial
Aggressors have always coming members; 2. The precar- lous world situation to which it paused.
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