BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE
Agents: CHINA NAVIGATION CO., LTD.
["FENGTIEN"
"TSINAN"
"SHENGKING"
"HUPEI"
"TSJNAN"
"ANJIUI"
"YOCHOW" "FUKIEN"
"SRENGKING"
SAILINGS TO
Nagasaki, Yokohama &
Kobe
Swatow
Shanghal
Swatw. Saigon &
Bangkok
Swatow
Anny, Swatow, Hojhow
Saigon. Singapore. Balawan & Penang
Shanghal
Singapore, Maconsor.
Sourabaya & Batavia-
4 p.m. 2011 Feb.
3 p.m. 30th Jan.
4 pan. In Feb. "
3 p.m. 2nd Feb.
3 p.m. 3rd Feb,
5 p.m. 3rd Feb,
4 p.m. 4th Feb.
4 p.m. 3rd Feb,
4-p.m. Ifth-Pehe*
INEXT
THE CHINA „SATURDAY, JANUARY 20, 1940. «
STEPS IN WESTERN UNION
This week the representativen of the Brussels Powers.ore micel- ing to take a decision about West- ern Unlod. Suco u Tederal solu tion is 'ruled out as Impracticable. the two principal proposals that remain are the plan for a Council uf Ministers and the plan for an Assembly. There seems to be no reason why they both should not be aflopted. The Council of Minus- ters has already proved its value as between the Brussels Powers and could be expanded to include any futuro European partners in
and natural form of organisation
By Sir Alfred Zimmern
Among the other distinguished posts held by Sir Alfred Zimmern, he was Professor of Intor national Relations at Oxford University from 1930 to 1944. He is now Visiting Professor of Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, under present would
help
to
Power ayatem under which inter- national relations have been ear- ried on since about 1500, There can be no measurement of poli-
cal forces, no Essessment of political possibilities, no exercise of political forethought, which in the essence of atutemanship, in world in which atomic energy is
left under the control of Indivi- jual Governments. The imme- diale tosic which confronts the. conditions and which no Balance of Power is civilised peoples is therefore, that clarify the possible. This is an age of jot placing this terrible weapon Issues stirring in the minds of Preponderant Power the pre-under the sure guardianship of a the Atlantic Parl. It is a simple European publie men and their ponderant power of the United single constitutional World Au- which might well have been peoples. To be compelled to put Stales., The only question is thority, mioptext between, the Great Pow-up with a certain amount of Com-whether, On the international | The
only practical means of level, American power shall be accomplishing this within the exercised lawlessly or constitu- next four years is by using the tionally..
Un'ed Nations, The Baruch Pinn, The American people has made which has now won the
approval up its mind in favour of can-of the overwhelming majority of atitutionalism, which corresponds UN
should mcrabers,
therefore to its own pleal habits and he preszed traditions and to the pattern 398-by:
ers in the 19th century nut was actuntly proposed, in November, 1918, by the Forelim Onire as the principal feature in the British Plan for the League of Nations, which miseurried at Parls.
European
Assembly
munist propoganda would be small price to pay for this educa-
tional process,
he
meren ervaren.) Wh Afz; fick • ZVAN Zuronica Assemblyf hy Flor with its Europcânicov instituit:US"
"GIC New
• Halls from Custodian Whart
HENGKING"
* "FUKIEN“
"THINAN".
“HANYANG
"SHENGKING"
ARRIVALS FROM
shanghai
Japali, Shanghai,
Keelong & Takao Swatow
Singapore
Shanghai & Keelung
RIVER SERVICE
1a.m. 30th Jan,,
1st Feb.
9 a.m, 2nd Feb.
3rd Feb. 9th Feb.
"LATSHAN" Salls for Canton 9 pm, 30th Jan.
Arrives from Canton 7 năm, İsi Feb.
Saits for Canton 10 pa. 31st Jan. Arrives from Canton (7 nm. 2nd Feb. Salls for Marso 230 p.m. 29th Jan, Arrives frum Macao 5.30 p.m. 30th
"WUSUEH"
"WÜSUBII"
Agents: BLUE FUNNEL LINE
SCHEDULE SAILINGS TO LIVERPOOL
VANCHISES"
[CYCLOPS"
vla Aden & Port Sald, -
sit Casablanca & Haver
6th Feb,
via Port Sudan, Genoa & Murselfles also GLASGOW.
NACHILLES“
via Havre
33rd Feb. 8th Mar.
Arrivals from
UK, vin Straits
UK, vin Strults & Manila
.. vla Straits
1st Feb. 12th Feb. 14th Feb. 28th Feb.
"CYCLOPS"
[ACHILLES"
MEDON"
PELPENOR“
""AJAX"
NEW YORK SERVICE
Arrivals from
USA, via Manila
2nd March
arriers option to pröered via other Ports to load and discharge
cargo.
Agents: Australian-Oriental Line, Ltd. mus
CHANGTE" SHANBI"
"CHANGTE"
*SHANSI
Saliings to
.:Kure, Nageya & Kobr..
Sandakan, Belsbane,
Sydney & Melbourne
Arrivals from
Sydney & Brisbane- Sydney, Brisbane &
Manila
4th Feb.
10th Feb.
nnon 29th Jan.
3rd Feb,
All The Above Subject To Alteration Without, Notice
General Agents for:
Booking Agents for:
AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL AIRWAYS, CATHAY PACIFIC AIRWAYS, 2 would: SKYWAYS (FAR EAST) LTD. B.O.A.C., C.N.A.C., H.K. AIRWAYS, P.0.A.5. PAA., PAL. and N.W.A.
1. For passage and Freight Particulars Apply To The Above.
~34 CONNAUGHT ROAD CENTRÁLY Telephones: 30331 ZBy Private- Exehmigbee Branch Office 50, Connaught Rd?W: Télső 25875; 32144, 248788
THE DOUGLAS STEAMSHIP CO., LTD.
S.S. "HAIYANG”
SAILING TO SWATOW ONLY MONDAY 31st JANUARY
FROM DOUGLAS WHARF Subject to alteration without Notice.
For Porticulars of Freight & Passage, Please apply to:-- DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & CO.
General Managers.
P. & O. Building, 5th floor, Tel. No. 31281
•
ན།
CHINESE SHIPPING DEPT.
20 Connaught Rand, Central, Tel. No. 24839
Co.,Ltd.
The SWEDISH EAST ASIA
M.V. "TONGHAI”
Loading 8th February
for
ANTWERP, ROTTERDAM ·(AMSTERDAM) ADEN, GENOA, MARSEILLES, CASABLANCA, HAMBURG, COPENHAGEN, OSLO
and GOTHENBURG..
Tanks Available, suitable for earrings of oil in bulk.
For further particulars apply
GILMAN & CO., LTD.
Agenta. Tel. 81118
4-
4
گور
Inect
between the
United States,
the
Le to
Al Sydney in 1938, when Bevin proposed the creation of a was still a private individual, Mr.
Commonwealth Assembly. Such n_hady might be established side would also be a useful body, pro-terpart, and the fact that some
Year, which conseldes with the provide the vided that its constitutional status British members would probably
with an effective opening wasalt on both bodies would further
uf a new, Presidential excentive. Such a revision of the as a purely advisory organ
term, may mark the beginning of Charter is implicit in the Baruch ande ear from the outset. Com-contribute to mutual understand-
the necessary gifort to adapt the Plan which requires an
An ugency <f Disast
representatives
Charter The recent arrangement with United Nationa
to the armed!
with the necessary Parliaments chosen an | pro- Elve suggeals that the time is constitutional role designed for it authority to take action agaiust portional systrong It would bring
for a wider measure of the by American opinion.
violator of the Atomie. Treaty. ingether meni, and womens
whipe
Rame kinil--the establishment of urgent consideration: 1949 is the tablish such a constitutional ex- There is a further and more What is needed in drder to ess bave, Uttle
a alatus of common citizenship art of four years which will be ecutive on the world level is to
people of Grent |
པ་ས་་་ Britain and people and the
crucial for the human race. For rity Council. It is at present of the by January 1, 1989, we shall have
composition of the This has entered on the period of con- been in the nature of things poll-petition between finished atomie tient--and indeed of things deeper armaments--unless statesmanship than political. Has not the lime come to make it explicit?
can succeed, within the brief Western
Interval, in averting such a cala- Union is a secondary mity. matler
compared with the larger Issue of world
for peace:
The Atomic Bomb West European building, however The discovery of atomic energy well constructedt, cannot be any-has transformed the conditions in thing but one wing of much which larger structure.
political thinking bas, The only
pos hitherto been carried of. ples, as for the British Com-
which statesmanship has now to is not helpless in the face of the monwealth, Hes in the elosest reckon is not so thuch the des- urgent appeal of possible association with
the physical thetructive power United States. The idea still or
of the atomic scientists' to save them and the bumb, greatly casionally put about of Western increased since Hiroshine, is the monster of their creation.
Iron as this has been world
the Frankenstein Europe constituling # "Third fact that "with its aid a very Force is airy nonsense.
Since the choice before us Apart powerful from the wickedness of tryi
unsuspecting antion between living in perpetual drive
I might be
within nightmare and establishing a Pe- conquered wedge between the very few days by a very much lee-Power for the world under a English-speaking peopler. smaller one." very unrealistic. It is Balater of ten by
These words, wrii- single constitutional authority, we Mr. Stimson Power thinking
in April, can surely assunte that the neces- In in age in 1945, signify the end of the Greatsury action will be taken by 1833.
No Sand Rush To The Sahara
the
composed of States and therefore shaply a standing international Conference, quite unit for the currying out of executive fun tions. It should be reshaped so as to consist of individualny, seven in number-deriving their authority from their represenu- tive character, obtained through a process of Indirect election. Thi suggestion cannot be further The elaborated here. It is mentioned
By JOHN LANGDON sible fisture for the Western pen- most important new factor with only to show that political science
DAVIES
A great American telentific re konrol centre, the Smithsonlan Institute, is reported to have att nouneed that by juggling will. Its atomie strachure sand has been turned into rubber and oil.
but
not
This very mysterious, whatever it varia justifyon snad rush to the Sakura. Such statements are decaptive.
Thus it is true that nylon in made of air, water, and esal, but It took the huge capital resources of Dupont in America and LCJ here to produce a singlo nylon Toothbrital or a pair of nylons.
Make Anything
The truth is that you can pro- doce almost anything out of any- thing.
Carbon from coal, oxygen from
cua
"WHITE PAPER" FOR THE
RUSSIANS
By GORDON YOUNG
Russia will not willingly go to the air, and hydrogen from water war for at least 15 years-and be gut together to make most hard figures can be found to prove hydrocarbons Lag carbohydrates, fit. which include between them xugar. starch, cellulose, alcohols, fibres, petrol, oil, paraffin is all their valuable varieties.
Now, hitherto synthetic rubbers have all had carbon in them, Just as natural rubber lins,
The trouble with carbon is that the carbon atoms are joined to jane apother in such a way that hest in liable to break the link.
For some time British Thomson Houston, Tid.. in this country, and doubtless other firms in the United States, have beer trying to build up a plastic in which the place urusily taken by earbon atoms in taken by, ailicon atbnis-that is, alons of the element of which most B.T.. have been so far success. ful in that they have produced various such plustice suitable for coating electrical apparatun likely. to have to withstand great heat.
In Chains
congiat.
In this work it has been possible
That is the belief of Scandina- vlan economic experts.
They think that in the present contlition of Soviet economie fe may ile the explanation of why some men of the Kremlin, as Pre- aldent Truman said, would like an understanding with America.
The argument IR this: German occupation of Russia (which cost her an estimated £6,000,000,000, lett 32,000 Indus- trial plants destroyed, and 25,000,- 000 people homeless) gave the Soviet Government a task of re- construction more formidable than that of any Western land.
But the Kremlin has always realised that Russia cannot hope lo win any long war unless Rus- sin's approximately matches that of her Industrial production at least opponents.
was with these two factors in mind that the present Five- Year Plon was laid down.
Under the plan, despite Soviet
to, polymerise the molecules con-propaganda about increased sup- taining silican-that is, make them stick together in long chains like
thre.
So
OIL
12
PIG IRON
500
COAL
160
STEEL
ALL IN MILLION TONS
Black sectious of diagram represent Russia's ́estiniated 1948 production; shaded xec- tions show 1950 target: dat- ted outline is Stalin's "mini-. mum in 15 years."
plies for private consumers, main concentration has been on the purely war Industries such
things as pig-iron, coal, steel- oil, | producing only 250,000,000, which
electricity, Progress has been astonishing: "smallest
is still only half-way to Stalin's or and is likely to become more upl
for safety" gare of
Since anything which could be falled rubber or expected to be- have like rubber would have to
and
consist of such long chains, still as new plant comes into Re- 500.000.000 tons.- polymers, we may suppose that the tion. BUT and this is the point newly regarlod American advances
for
have resulted from following out Russia is still very far indeed the work already done on silean from the targets fixed by Stalin plastics.. Silicon is the second as the minimum necessary most abundant element in the top safeguarding her position in the half-intle of the earth's crust, but whese targets wore publicly an in all these things what counta the cost of manufacture and not the abundance of raw material,
Thus the
third"
commonest element. In the earth's crust. In numainiant, but to make a ton of pure aluminium metal you have to |ase" 24,000, kilowatts of electrical energy-and that is where your money goes.
From Silicon We can be quite sure that the Smithsonian aefentists are not bothering about finding a use for the Sahara or the American Dust- bowl.
nouneed by Stalin in his famous eleellon broadcast on February 9, 1940, which gave the key to the whole of current' Russian effort.
Production Aims Stalin sold thien: "In contrast to capitalist lands, which develop light industry Arst because that shows quick results, the, Bovlat Government is concentrating first on heavy industry, because it is impossible to secure the country's. defence without that,"
In speciße felds, he said, they must aim at the following annual production figures:
Pig-Iron Steet Coal
011
50,000,000 tons 00,000,000 tans 500,000,000 tons 40.000,000 tons
What they
aro after is this: Carbon in a useful element for making new synthette wabatances because along with oxygon It formas rings and chaina of atoma which behave in a way useful to JULKIS
Billcon has long, been known to Ant he added: "Only under behave in much the santo way, but such conditions can, we regard It has been fat lens studied than our country as guaranteed against carbon. This is largely because it any accidents." Such a produc
he admitted, And all its compounds are solid, on programme, and therefore harder to deal with Chan gases and Hiquida; -
fourth year and the time has
ear Plans, or even more." might require "ihree further Five- But Just, because of this there Now, the first of the Five-Year is the possibility that tougher and Plans is just entering its deceive
tronger things can be built out of
come, Bay observers here, to try The chemistry of carbon and ita to take stock of Russian produc- compounds. has been so fully tion and see how it measures up studied that it amounts to nearly to Stalin's "minimum safety tar- half of all chemistry and It Is call set," and to the output of the ed organic chemistry.
Western, Powers, 21.
Basing their calculations Perhans noms day kilicón cho mistry, Janidad of occupying a few such Soviet statistics as are avail- pages of a toxi-book, will grow to able, the economists, bellave, that the samo proportions. Then our last year Russia produced some- present carbon. civilisation will, thing like 170,000,000 tons of coal, among other things, withstand as compared with Britain's 200,- hore, heat, and, that looks like 418,500 and America's 590,000,000. halne a good thing-be way the world in going:
on
At the end of the current Five- Year Plan the Russians aim“ at
TRADE
Estimated figures for steel are 10,000,000 tons last yet, and 25,- 400,000 for 1050, comparċd' with Stalin's dealred 60,000,000 (and America's 79,000,000 during the past 12 months!), daim pë The pig-iron figures are
are put at 12,000,000 last year, 19,500,000 in 1960, as compared with the 50,- 000,000 Stalin wants.
Current Soviet oil production is believed to be something like 24.- 000,000 tons, with a further 11, 000,000 as the target for 1950.
Even that will be little more than half the oll (60,000,000 tons) which Stalim judges necessary for efficient defence.
Recently, because of this oil problem, Russlan papers have been carrying urgent appeals for economy in potrol consumption, have advised motorists on-how to convert their ears jo producer gas, and have campaigned for develop- ment of electric vehicles,
Breathing Space