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•THE CHINA MAIL, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 9,· 1948.
the second instalment
CRUSADE IN EUROPE
They reasoned that the French Army and the British Navy to- gether would beat him into sub- mission; not only did they scorn the reports of skilled observers | who cast suspicion on the legend of French military-efficiency-but
they failed to consider the record
of the German General Staff for striking only, when cold-blooded calculations gave promise of quick, H.K..$10.00 | success
H.K.336.00
H.R.$72.00
THE SCANDINAVIAN DILEMMA
war is past, as well as thé day of belligerent respect for neutrality,
The Russian world outlook, as demonstrated by Russian policy, has this in common
determined, and Russia is
nut Asia,
usual
usual
for
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's Own Story Of The War In Europe
tary scene.
cause the
American
men
anyol jis
men,
It
large
now
in
ជាងក្នុងរ
the
younger
10 carts
> By; the following · spring' the entire West Coast area/wus in n stajo de-almost endless movement -men briving in grotips for n signment to units; cadres of men being withdrawn from units to form tew, drganisations: officers nad men leaving for and, return- ink from specialist, schools; cities of tents and batracks with all the creation, and entertainment took quard sharply Increased the; multiple- utilities of modern kv- precedence in most units over Army's numerical strength, parti- ing hospitals, water systems, light
and 1 called upon the President of serious training. Some of the early in tritantry and anti-air- power plantsspringing up the Philippines and told him I officers, the long years of peace, craft, Although undermanned, un- overnight where before had been wanted to return homin to take bad worn for themsdives deep der-coulppea, and undertrained, open..felds.
or Our objective was to turn out part in the work of intensive ruts of professional routine with the organisational structure preparation which I was now in which they were sheltered the Guard outta was complete; physically fit: man, schooled in certain would begin in the United from vexing new ideas and trou- only recruits equipment, time, their military and technical Jobs, States. Presklent Manuel Quezon bicsome problems. Others, bogged and the right icind of training adjusted to discipline and phlt urged me to stay, but my mind down in one grade for many years were needed to make them effec-tenmwerk, with the greatest pos- sillä measurs of a soldier's pride was made up. I requested per- because seniority was the only tiv
the
In his mission; because of public Bright apois mission to leave the islands be-basis for promotion had abandon-
military unrendline to support true battic ed all hope of progress. Possibly picture gradually emerged. Con- fore the end of the year.
When my wife, my son John, many of them, and many of the gress in the fall of 1940 provided training, we could not hope infessly driving himself, he had Public opinion in Scan- and I left Manila in December, troups too, felt that the Infantry tome money for critically needed turn out marca of toughened little news of driving others dinavia appears to be swing-General MacArthur saw us off at man's day had passed.
field training, This training, under fighting men, emotionally and ing toward a Western mili- the pler. It was the last time I The number of infantrymen is the supervision of Major General, professionally ready for warfare. they were quick to follow, his tary alliance which already was to see him until my post-signed to organised units in the later Lieutenant General, Lesley But even our limited objective example
His Third Army ✨ was *, war visit, as Chief of Staff, to Army had been reduced from J. McNair one of our ablest off-absorbed all the energy officers directed to concentrate In Leul- comprises Britain, France
h his Tokyo headquarters.
We 56,000 on July 1, 1989, to 49,000 cars, became the chief preoccupa- and men could give it. For those dicete and the Benelux States and
On January 1, 1940. On the ton of the Army.
From Fort on staff work the days became slana for a great manoeuvre, talked of the gloominess of
ceaseless rounds of face of things, to the average foot Lewis the 15th Infantry, as part
planning, di- Lieutenant General Ben Lomis which may come to include
its, opponent. world prospects, but pur fore soldier who could not foreses hit of the 3rd Infantry Division, went recting, Inspecting: compromising Second Army the United States and bodings turned toward Europe-role in Europe or the Pacific, this on extendød ¡ßeld, manoeuvres to what had been commanded with Not one of our offerra: on 5,the Canada,
Our trip home took us through reduction might with reason have outlying districts in the slate, of what could be done;, adjusting active list. had commanded a unit
of "and" Should the United States
quotas as large us a division in the first where Japan,
been interpreted as a sign, of his Washington and to the Monterey assignidents and Canada come in, plus the
we spent a fox early disappearance from the mili- days in the coastal cities. At that
some distance South of of vehicles to the shortages that World War. Like a vast labor- Scandinavian States, ft would
time numbers of American Army
Son Francisen, The attendant continually pinguel us: striving tory experiment, the manoeuvres of idcos, The situation in weapons and marches, logistic planning, tactical always ti keny pace in our area would prove the worth of complete alliance of what has officers made casual tours of equipment added little to the in
laf with the Army-white.pace- problems, onel ·tiecessary staff
weapons, and equipment. 270,000 Menthe been called "The Atlantic Japan and there was nothing un-fantryman's esprit. The Spring work provided the best possible In June 1941. I was assigned More than
over: Anthered Walter largest army a transitory vial fielt rifle was outmoded; there schools for officers und men., both. 19. Lhutenant Cerni about Community," which is to say
from another
Houtenant was no effective and emergency, One of Kruegel's
Army
h the United States for a single the community of peoples Yet a rather unusual incident oc- modern tank or plane; troops the problem solved an elevens chief of, stuft er-San Antonis tactical operation--were fasembl who have fostered individual curred. Scarcely had we gone carried wooden models of mortars bundred-mile motor march, tror hendquarters. There I was brighted by General Krueger that Sep-
the tember. and machine guss and were able Fort Lewis to the Jolon Ranch. closer to the problems of
Moving out of Second ireedom and who, recognise through the formalities of land-
firge that it is no longer self-per-ng when we met, apparently by to study some of our new woons South of Monterey, California. We Army of the United States as a Army camps at the same tin
pure chance, a Japanese graduate only from blueprints. Equipment petuating.
"" of an American university, who of all sorts was lacking and much. Assumed tactical conditions and whole. The four tactical armies, were another 180,000.
the ground forces The beneficial results of that It is only natural that the
described himself as an assistant of that in use had been originally during the movement tested out into which Scandinavian States should
Ho said he produced for the national Anny aur control procedures, communi- were divligt, varied in numerical great manoeuvre were incalculable. postmaster general.
cation systems and march dis- strength; but all were like in accustomed the troops to approach alliance with re-
knew, from friends of his, of the of Word War I.
elpline.
titeir core of Regular units, around teamwork; it speeded up the pro- unfit; fit nature of my work in the Philip- Moreover, military appropria-
While serving in the 3rd Divi- which had been assembled the cess of eliminating the luctance. In their modern
pines and, while he asked no tlons during the thirties had 'res manifestations they are un- specific questions, he was much tricted training to a unit ba is.sion. I renewed a friendship of Guard nutfits, with Vacancies in brought to the specific attention military people, and all three Interested in my impressions of Even small-arins ammunition for y cadet days with Major Mark all units led by Reserve officers of seniors cerinin of sought to stay clear of both the Filipino people. He attached range fring had to be rationed in W. Clark. He and I worked to- and spillers from Seinctive Ser-man who were prepared to world wars. All succeeded
himself to us as a guide for the occasional doles. The Army con-gether constantly in many phones vicc. Consequently, the reports out the most dificult assignments duration of our stay. He helped centrated on spit and pulish, ro- of the field exercises we both so comlug across my desk at Fort in staff and comment and
Houston
amora- responsible the first time, only Sweden
on the training, developed treat formations, and parades be much enjoyed, and I gained a Bam us shop, taking the lead in beat-
skill in the handling of people in lasting respect for his planting, morale,; and capacity of our divi leader and the second; Denmark
forces In the delds. Prac ing down prices; he took us Norway learned to their cost vantage points that the day of the regional views, and in a dozenieresting their abhorrence of war, denied training, and organising ability. sions and this in the ield worical experience was gained in
themselves a reasonable military which I have not seen excelled accurate inilentions of our pro- ways made
in any other officer. But in en-gress throughout the United Inrge-scale field supply of troops ower to the rapidly expanding
No comparable peacetimo attempt Military doctrine and theory needs of the new headquarte himself agreeable and helpful. posture.
milk basic favour, I had The burden of his converanilon
our-had even been made by. was the need for friendly under- / consequently, could not be supple- | bringing up all over the country Ably. Hlos time, offing yaar yearlier. cans in the road movement-of standing between his country and wented with practical application:
that comes onlon assistant to General McNair, now totalled
railhead and depot to a constant- 1,800,- ours, for which he professed { Bicers and men' did not have he soon went to Washi.ztow at The Aimy of the United States food, fuel, and ammunition from great admiration and affection. the assurance
and men to have unlimited with field experience and the while, la November, I was again poopproximately only shifting front line, Advanco
direct cornmand
deficiencies atili grave..
existed. planning, consequently, was tho me tesis of use. Nevertheless, it was removed from
tanka,
ng is rough and intensiv and modern
always with Hitlerism: Hitler was sumed that he made it a practice ment was moving as rapidly as of the 3rd Division. That post was let
time to devote to us and 1 - apparent that the War Depart- duty to become the chief of staff
equipment were the case, it pald
"The essential effectivenous determined. to impose every- Aerlearis, possibir. inpossible to be ready for the to be mine only four months, when anti-nire were alinost non-ex-supply," General MiNaly, export
to meet and talk with
critically
Supporting Cair asic inevitable climax. Laborious pre-again I was transferred, this where a political form in memory of his student days, paration,' against almost unbetime to be chief of staff of the formation cover the appronuli-f in the conduct and gasessment; of
ninth Army Corps. which haring expiration of a year's service manoeuvres
intent, Some weeks Inter, however, when oveable dimeulles, went on un- which individual freedom has
I mentioned him to others who der the determined leadership of shortly before been established, attor National, Cunit Units and lons, "was an outstanding. 10
staff in a critique of the opera- Lewis, This no. place. History since V-E had passed through Japan shortly General Marshall. The handicaps Fert
assignment Selective. Service' sdidiors 'wái « after that period, were many. day has amply disclosed that before-or
first emergency constatit worry, not to be relieved turn of the maneuvres. Russia
were rentest obstacle was psy-promotion; I become a temporary until two months later in dun magnitude of the problem alone will not hesitate to
found no who had met him
no one any other
was sufficient to warrant appre we feared the exodus of men. impose this form by force if o
governmental chological-complacency still per- enlonel in Morch 1941. official.
sisted! Even the fall of France The corps commander was beginning in September, would henslen as to whether the troops no cheaper way can be found,
This is a doctrine which rived in the United States and and by "A" I menn many on his staff I met an exception vir Vip growth or services, alike deserve the highest In early January 1940, I ar- in May 1940 failed to awakes Us Major General Kenyon A. Joyce not be thatched by a comparable would be supplied adequately Combat Commanders and the turns Russia not only againsi was assigned to troop duty with fessional soldiers as well as others ally keen close group of "men, neighbouring democratię 15th Infantry at Fort Lewis, to a full realisation of danger, three of whom I tried, with some in Army and the latest mani- praise for the results achieved."
After eight years of The commanding general of one Washington. Czecho States, such
close to keep
me festation of Axis military power The, effectiveness of American
movement of
trnoph task and staff duty in the rare- United States division, an officer throughout the ensuing war years. Hnd abf jolted some regular om- trucks in the slovakia, but against all në
flod atmosphere of military plan- of long service and high stand- mocratic... States. For each.
nidcantly three years later in the and pleading, I was again in, ing, ofered to be, on the day of These were all of relatively low cuts out of their rigid devotion to and supply, demonstrated .ning. Russian conquest, such daily contact with the two funda- the French armlslice, that Eng-nk at the time but they em- obsolete tenets and routine. For nide
AS
blindness there was no race across-France, that
mental
CKE rieneral Luchin K. elements of Czechoslovakia.ment
military and would not last six weeks "ged from the war as Lieutenant ther
Truscott, jongor, an acceptable excuse. In on the roads of Louisiana in Sep- effort-men and weapons.
longer and he proposed the wager creates
Army democratic
than much as he would have bet on Major General Willard G. Wyman, the, civilian components another tember. 1941.
officer No better assignment
Tand Colonel James: Curtis, Such typb of dimculty was encountered. neighbour against which-Rus- mine could have been asked by rain or shine for the morrow,
these were ready, even Many Guard and Reserve officers directly. sia must "protect" herself by a professional soldier at a time did not occur to him to think of on
maintain citizen
LeRoy Lutes. His brillance in conquest, and in the event of when much of the world was al-Britain as the sole renisining bel- anus, support every messure had grown old in the prewar efficiency was Lieutenant Colonel ready at war and the eventual gerent standing between us and that promised to add realism and struggle to and now that theb- this tune of work was to bring
thoroughness 'to training, but it war between Russia and the solventent of the United States starkest danger His attitude was an uphill fight.
security force, democracies Russia is certain daily became more
efforts of the twenties and thir- him, long before the end of this probable. In was typical of the great proper- During the spring of 1941 every let were bearing fruit, they war, the three stars, of a fleuten to feel that she cannot risit inrge part, the troops of the 15th lion of soldiers and civiliens alike.nost and camp was stir with the themselves were physically unablint general
veterana Happily there were numerous ex business of bullding the Army of to meet the demands of field duty
Many of the milliary faults re- 1 neighbouring "neutral" were either Seasoned
devoted efforts the United States, into which had in combat ochelchs.
vealed in the mattoeuvres, General Scandinavia overwhelmingly who had been with the regiment captions whose
seemed been fused all elements of the ympathetic to
General Krueger himself was McNair believed, had their, root Russia's
in China before its 1938 return accomplished more than
possible. to the States, or volunteers, who
country's military front-Regular enemies. When it is further
had recently enlisted; the officers Desplie the deepening of con- Guard, and Reserve, augmented one of the senior officers of the in lifcipline. "There is no ques- remembered that these are
pressional concern, the nation was
developed in these were all professionals. days
men inducted through Selective sergeant in the late 1890s, he had weaknesse of long-distance
In case of war such outfits would so unprepared to accept the set by the hundreds of thousands of Army. A private, corporal, and tion," he said, "that many of the
ourness of the world cutlook thn Service.
an Army-wide weapons, it is not surprising be the bulwark of American de- training could not be conducted the process of develoment beat hai
But through again for lack of discipline. Our 'hat Scandinavians entertain fense and the spoorhead of our in realitie imitation of the battle on September 15, 1910, when the more than 40 yours of service troops are capable of the best of
retallation, should there be little hope of preserving neu- sudden attack on us. Given time eld. We had to carry it on in advanco echelen of the 41st In he had kept pace with every discipline. If they lack it, leader- and tow amcers ship is, faulty. A commandur military change, trality in the event of a third to expand our
fantry Division arrived on the forces, soothing-syrup style calculated to military world war.
they would provide the cadres so the least resentment from post. Within a short time the had a clearer grasp of what an- who cannot develop proper dia-
would.
the soldiers themselves and from entire division and other unlis of other, war would demand of the elpline must be replaced.. around which
be bullt The Scandinavian dilemma hundreds of battalions, and from senior officers stood in such fea encamped there.
Mans lies in being forced, against their zanks would come instruc- of a blast in the headlines against temperament and tradition, tors to convert recruits by the exposing men to inclement wea- to make a choice now. They hundred thousand into trained solter or to the fatigue of extended cannot be blamed for hesitat-diers. In either instance there was manoeuvres that they did not ing to do something as overt and, officers to prove their pro- ing that would pay dividends undimited opportunity for meh prescribe the only, type of train- and compromising as joining fessional worth.
ance the bullet begiri to 9. the Western alliance, for it In early 1940, however, the Urgent directives from above, and would commit them to parti- United States Army mirrored the protest from the occasional "al- cipation in any third war. the attitudes of the American dist" could not eliminate an But commitment to the West- people, as is the rase today and as apathy that had its ronts in com ern alliance, while it has its was a century ago, The mast fort, blindness and wishful thinks-
of officers and men lacked any ing. risks, must be measured
sense of urgency, Athletics, re- The Induction of the National against the even greater risk of a "neutrality" which is out of date and contains no protection at all.
of
a
new
дл
Nothing could be more na- tural, again, than that public sentiment for the Western alliance is stronger in Don- mark and Norway than in Sweden. It is just the differ- ence between peoples who have had first-hand experi- ence of being occupied by a totalitarian power and people which has not.
GEN ERSKINE'S NEW POST
1 Longtong, November The War Office announced last night that Major Generál G. W. Bed, Trakine has been sus pointed, Clineral Officer Com mending British troops of the Egypt and Mediterrancadia Com mand. Hajreceiýestithe): tem”, porary rank of Lifut, General -Associated Press...
He seemed
the
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the National· ·Guard· were:
Army few were physically en- tougher or moto active. Relent
To Be Continued
MONETTE
HUONCRY
TASMANIAN SQUASHES
LEMONETTE
was taken? Tha:
Telephone 20075.
JEST MONEY CAN BU
CALDBECK MACGREGOR
ETD
GETTE
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