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THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, MAY 13, 1948.
I
A The
Twenty-fourth Churchill's Memoirs
Instalment
THE TWILIGHT WAR
others. 5.ix.30
from which the British Navy can of stayal. Fighter alteroft whilst control the exils from the North the Fleet was in Scapa, Sea and enforce 'Blockade, It It seemed most Important to won only in the last two years have the artillery in position at of the previous war that the the shortest interval, and mean- Grand Fleet was judged to have while there was nouing for it but suficient superiority to move to adopt the anmo
of
policy A special report should be south to Rosyth, where it had the "Hi
"Hide-and-Søck?” to which Wo. drawn up by the Heads of De-advantage of lying at a first-class bad been forced in the autumn patients concerned and sent dockyard..
days of 1914 The West Coast of
the Athenia upset these plans,ut once fell the numbing loss of and we adopted convoy in the the Southern Irisk ports. This North Atlantic forthwith.
imposed a grievous restriction on Shipowners had already been thứ gadius of action of our als brought into regulus consultation ready scarce destroyers: : on matters of defence which-of- First Sea Lord, and----- fgeted them. Furthermore, In- xiructions and been inated for the guidance of shipriosfera in the many unfamiliar taska which would inevitably fall upon them in war, and special signalling as well as other equipment had Astonishment was world-wide been provided to ent
to enable them to when Hitler's crashing onslaught, take their place in convoy. upon Poland and the declarations The men of the Merchant Navy A SOVEREIGN
of war upon Germany by Bri-faced the unknown, future with FACADE CRACKS tain and France were followed determination. Not content with demanded Maj. Gen. C. L Chennaultly by a prolonged and oppres-n passive role, they
The use of gun sive pause, Mr. Chamberlain.weapons. does not represent to the old- private letter published by his self-defence by merchant ships established institutions of the biographer described this phase has always been recognised China coast a particularly de- "Twight Wor," and I find the Juntillable by International Law, sirable addition to the popula-expression so just and expressive and the defensive arming of all as the sea-going merchant ships, 40- that have adopted it tion. It is not envy that title fur this book.
The French Armies made no moves this unfavourable, re-
Their upon Germany, attack action; in fact there is grudg
mobilisation completed; they re- contact. motionless motoed in...
No air along the whole front.
reconnaissance. except action,
ogninst
net Britain; nor air was taken
was any air attack made upon
The French
13
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the carefully to' trend "ways that are dark" of Chin-
His officialdom.
ese
transport company does not France by the Gent
morality.
that
In
“ក
plan.:
hi a
nets
and
to the First Lord through the But Scape, on account of its Scotland had many landlockerl First Sea Lord and the Naval greater distance from Gorman air anchorages easy to protect from Staff upon the questions aris- bases; was now plainly the best U-boats by Indicator ing from the so-called neu-position and had been definitely ceaseless patrolling.
of the so-called Eire. chosen in
in the Admiralty war considerations arise:
On Sept. 11, I was delighted. (1) What does Intelligence There were now in 1939 two
TWO ❘to receive a personal letter fron Fay about
uccouring
dangers to
be considered: the President Roosevelt, aut only of U-boats by malcontents Brst, the old one of submarine in met him once in the previous in West of Ireland Julets?...It
cursion; the second, the new one war. It they
dinner at throw bombs
in London, of the air. I was surprised to Gray's Inn, mad I had been struck why should they not
supply learn at my conterence that more by his mamificent presence in all fuci lo U-boats? Extreme precautions had not been taken in his youth and strength. There vigilance should be practised, both cases to prepare the defences had been no opportunity for any-
against modern forms of attack.
thing but solutations. Anti-submarine booms of new design were in position at cach nces, but of the three main entrances, these consisted merely of single Haes of net. The narrow and
(2) A study is required of
At the outset of the "Twilight War,!! Mr. Churchill's chief anxiety was the possibility,of submarine attacks. He describes the measures taken after the sinking of the Athenia and the arming of the Merchant Navy.
oil
+
WOS
President Roosevelt, to
Mr. Churchill.
It is because you and I og- cupied similar positions. In the World War that I want you to know how glad I am that you are back again In the Ad
.mirally. Youms ore, I
calise,
by new
factors, but the essential is not very different.
What I want you and the Prime Minister to know is that I shall at all times welcome II, If you will keep me in touch усьц personally with anything wont me to know about. You cou always send senled letters my through your pouch or pouch,
testuous approaches on the east side of the Flay, defended only
of by, remnanta the. blockships plored in the former-wer and reinforced now by two or three
additions, recent
remained a in any way kindle hope Jar
source of anxiety. As a result of new ventures of like magni-quested us to obstals from air at-
gether with the training of the the addition to the radius of the conference many orders were tude in China. It is felt that tack on Germany, stoting
it woult provoke retaliation upon crews, formed an integral part our destroyers through not given for
for additional nets and if it is a matter of envelop their war factories, which were of the Admiralty plans which
having the use Berehaven or blockships. were at oure put into effect,
other ing oneself in the coils of unprotected. We contented our-
South Irish anti-sub- | The new danger from the alr To force the U-boat to attack marine buses; showing also the had beon Ignored. Except for "government personnel" or selves with dropping pamphlets
and not
merely by
advantage to be gained by our two batteries of anti-aircraft not doing business at all, then to rouse the Germans to a higher submerged
gun-fire on the surface not only having these facilities.
guns, to defend the naval it is better not to do business.
remained gave greater chance for France and Britain
ship to
The Board
Bonrd must realise that tanks at Hoy and the destroyer However, the general who impassive while Poland was in escape, bul eatised the attacker we may not be able to obtain Anchorage, there were no air de- Divved fame as leader of few weeks destroyed or subjugat-to expend his previous torpedoes
salisfaction, as the question of fences at Seapa, One Dirfield Elrish neutrality raises politica} near Kirkwall was available for The wartime "Flying Tigers' ed by the whole might of the more lovishly and often fruitless- Hitler Ir. Foresight had preserved the German war machine.
issues which have not yet been the use of naval aircraft when pake before the House of had no reason to complain of this. guns of the previous war for use faceri, and which the First Lord the
the Flect
but. no was present,
responded with placrity, un- against U-boats, but there was a Foreign Representatives
is not certain he can
solve. provision had been made for im
ing the
the signature of "Nuval Per- Krave
auti-aircraft shortage of The war at sea, on the con- Affairs Committed. having
But the full case must be made medlate R.A.F.
participation in
and thus began that long ⚫ for consideration.
the defence, and the shore Radar and memorable correspondence- flown all the way in to Wash-trary, began froin the first hour weapons.
Besides protecting our own with full intensity, and the Ad-
station, although operative, was covering perhaps
thousand ington for the purpose-on miraity iherefore become the ne
shipping, we had to drive Ger- After the Institution
thenol wholly effective. China aid.
tive centre of events. On Sept.man commerce off the seas and Convoy System, the. next vital I called for an immediate plan lasting till his death more than It was a foregone tonelu- all our ships were sailing about stop all imports into Germany. naval need was a safe base for of. action. Protection from air-five years later. sion that he would advocate the world on their normal bysi- Blockade was enforced with full the Fleet. At 10 p.m. on. Sept, Sattack was now needed only for
Suddenly they were upon by U-boats carefully posted especially เก the beforehand. Western Apprenches.
political aid, military aid, re- habilitation ald, medical air and so forth. He reached U.S.$2,000,000,000 worth.
yet to come.
The "North-China
ness.
set
At 9 pm. that very night the outward-bound passenger liner Athenia 13,500 tons was tor-
foundered with
of
I am
thing
ind you dia the Mari-
baraugh volumes before this started-and I much en- joyed roading them.--
communications on each side, and
Igour. A Ministry of Economic held a lengthy conference on Ave or six great ships,esch
(To Be Continued), formed to guide this. It Warfare was
recalled mony
old carrying a powerful anti-aircraft the policy, whilst the Admiralty memories.
armament of its own. To keep World-Copyright reserved. controlled lis execution.
In a war with Germany, Scapa things going the Admiralty un- production, oven partially, In any Flow is the true strategie point dertook to provide two squadrons language, strictly prohibited.
Enemy shipping, as in 1914, virtually vanished almost at once arom the high scas. The Ger- man ships mostly look refuge in neutral ports or when intercept- ed, scuttled themselves.
None the less 15 ships totalling 75,000 tons were captured and put into service by the Allles bé-,
Bremen, German liner
1
PALESTINE REVIEW
of
By Wickham Steed
Re-
But it was a welcome sur prise that he did not call for pedoed, and a cheque to be harit the loss of 112 lives, including 25 American citizens. This outrage Chinese Ambassador in Wash-broke upon the world within a ington and that China's sover- few hours.
The German Government, to eignty not be flouted by mak-
This is my opinion. In regard moderation and in an equally consistent, with the British policy ing any enquiries as to how prevent any misunderstanding in
unreadiness was the decision of the British the sum would be spent. In the United States, immediately fore the end of 1939. The great the problem of Palestine and characteristic
antagonism issued a statement that person Gerr
after the
between the fat wider elements in Jewry 10 Government to take no part in Jews and the Arabs which stead Gen. Chennault came ally and ordered a bomb to be heltering in the Soviet port of devils it. Since 1898 I have con- the doings of unwiser elements. rangement, distustoful
be-restrain and oppose ideas and forcing upon Palestine any ar reached Germany out clearly for 20,000 Ameri- placed on board this vessel in Murmansk,
enquired into the Jewsh ean officers and men to get order by its destruction to pre-nly because she was spared by stantly observed and frequently The original Zionist leaders un Arabs or to down fut either to ques doubtedly hoped that the Jewish transfer its mandate to the Unit- Juliet GermanAmerican--rels-the British submarine, Salmon. right into the Chinese fleld
and non-it-my-interest in the Arah-national-homo-contemplated by ed Nations Organisation. If it tians.
observed rightly fulsehood received which This
world ant In more recent de the Balfour declaration, would the prevailing circumstances this in credence.
unfriendly
the and supervise United States some
conventions of
velopments of Arab Nationalism
decision appeared to favour the Law.
has been somewhat less direct aid down to the lowest level. quarters,
Arab contention. It was not ac- The greatest surprise was Royal Sceptre
On the 5th and th the Bosnia,
and *"continuous I can at least and Rio Clarone organisation of outward-
convoys was brought into claim to have met and talked
cepted by the Arabs with grati- tude. were sunk off the coast of Spain.force almost at once. By Sept. 8 frankly with many leaders
They have regarded the British Daily the crew of the Rio Claro only three main routes had begun to the Arab cause, Including the
Intervention in attacks on Jews News" did not immediately being saved. All these were-im-work, namely: from Liverpool inte King Feisal of Iraq-and-the
by Arabirregular forces-as-in- and from the Thames to the west-tamous Colonel T. H. Lawrence. portant vessels.
spired not by a desire to preserve comment on the proposal.
em My Arst Admiralty Minute was ocean, and a coastal convoy To this extent I am Impartial
order so long as Britain holds the H. H. Kung's "China Press" concerned with the probable between the Thames and the and therefore sure of disappro-
mandate but by a sinister sup- ignored it. But the third re-scale of the U-boat menace in the Forth. All ships outward bound val from partisans of Jews and
In the Channel mid Irish Sea and Arals alike. Undeniably abecorce, in the course of time port for Jewish plans to estab- lah B firm hold. Yet it cannot maining English language immediate future:
to fundamental divergence has and thanks to the cooperation truthfully be sald Director of Naval Intelligence not in convoy were ordered morning
that these Milford Haven, grown up and now exists be with the Palestinian Arabs, the Arab attacks have caused newspaper, the
(D.N.1.)
4.ix.39 Plymouth and "China Daily Tribune," came
and Independent outward sail-tween arms and apparent Inter. The Middle Eastale position in same degree of resentment in Let me have a statement of
cats of Jawry and those of the out with an unprecedented
Britain as outrages perpetrated te German U-boat forces, ac-ings were cancelled.
Overseas,
for Arab world. Whether this need lensity of Desire by illegal Jewish organisations endorsement.
arrangements The Tribune tual and prospective, for the
next few months. Please dis-forming homeward-bound
con-have
is historically an They know, for better this like the the Stern-Gang and tinguiais between
ocean-going voys were pressed forward. The open question. who
ae british Government the in-Irgun Zval Leumi, and small-size U-boats.
(Continued on Page 7) the estimated radius of action
17, on which the Brilish mar in days and miles in each case.
Palestine
·based, Jews to was The "Tribune." in company
I was at once informed that the Before the end of the month re-
In think It need not have been if counted upon Jewists anergy, or- with the Chinese-language
occan convoys were
Jewish
Molty, anuncial extremists had headed Sanising enemy had 60 'U-boats and that gular
and the advice of the wiser. Jewish QUICON
constructive press, has been only a shade 100 would be ready early in 1940, operation, outword
Zlonists and had.refrained from thusiasm to make the Palestini less pathological on China's A detailed answer was returned Thames and Liverpool and home-
the 8th. The numbers of ward from Halifax, Gibraltar and falsifying the spirit and terms deserts blossom as the rose. FOR EYE TROUBLES sovereign rights. A facade, on
vessels Freetown. endurance long-range
of the declaration which safe None who knows what the Jewa reinforced by the shrill were formidable and revealed the
guarded the Palestinian Arabs, have actually achieved in Pales- rest of the ha- cùn, think these expectationa screams of inflamed national-Intentions of the enemy to workUpon all the vital need of feed-In my view the
developing trouble has loin in a characteris- were inisplaced. ism, has-repulsed all interest far out in the oceans as soon as ing the Island and
our power to wage wor-there-now-tie-Jewish-Incapacity-for-ho-- ono- thing the original in China except the glassy-possible,
Zionists did not expect was that Comprehensive plans existed at eyed kind full of the moronic the Admiralty for multiplying
heir prudence would be over ridden and their guidance spurn- admiration of the self-delud- our antisubmarine craft. In CARNIVAL
zealotry ing.
is the unconfessed organ of the Waichiaopu (Chinese Foreign Ofce).
لله
been
tool:
Give arst of them soiled from Free-some part in drafting the Balensity of desire througout!--the
town on Sept. 14 and from Hall-four declaration of November worla al Jewry for a return of |
on the 16th.te for Palestine, fax, Nova Scotia,
hud
bern
ticular preparations Yet a "Tribune" editorial made to take up 66 of the largest said flatly that 20,000 Ameri- and fastest trawlers and to equip them with Asdics; the conversion cans running around
of many of these was already shackled, inside China with well advanced. supervisory powers is "not inadvisable."
:
un-
A wartime, building-programme of destroyers, both large and small, and of cruisers, with many ancillary vetsois, was also ready in every detail, and this came-in- to operation automatically with the declaration of
of war..
Here are some of the points in this epoch-making leader
"Major-General Chennault urged the United States to
The previous war had proved provide a military advisory mission of 20,000 officers, and the sovereign merits of convoy. Imento assist.. the Chinese Our weakness in escort vessels had however, forced the, Ad- Government's military foroes, mirally to devise a policy at all the way down to company, evasive routeing on the oceans, the enemy squadron and battery, level, unless and until
adopted unrestricted U-boat-war- in their fight against the com- fare, arid, to contine convoys
in munists. This is doing things the first instance to the east coast But the sinking of in the grand style: but per- of Britain. haps it is not inadvisable.. _*General · Chentiault_gives
no fresh, cash estimate spending of the money; we but in earlier statements bedo, not see any reason why fore the United States Con-this could not be arranged gress he said he believed that and American advisers might a total of U.S.$1,500,000,000 to well be attached to various $2,000,000,000 over a period, of Chinese spending departments about two years would cover as well as to the Army so military economic and finanlong as the need exists" cial aid to China (if it| Those who see in authoriz were properly utilizoded supervision mutual benefit "Undoubtedly before pro- to Chinds and foreigner. ducing such extinsive, helpt (would do well firmly to grasy the American taxpayer would this fingerhold::thatchus 'op demand that proper saley peared in a formerly glass guards were applied the smooth-facad
from the
BARNEY'S
BAR
TELEVISION BASKETBALL
TODAY
By Dick Turnered by the fanatfest
"Spare il quarter for a coupla beërs,
Mfanoan son the home team win a kar
and they
re-
which more than once in Jewish history has brought disaster upon Jewish people: How for on the other hand thepolicy of British mandatory authorities in Palestino has been Invariably wise is a question; hard to an swar. My own, feeling is that however much its various phases may have been open to criticism, British policy has been honestly inspired by fidelity, to the spirit of the Balfour declaration and has striven to foster develop- ments of a Jewish national home while Kafeguarding Arab: righin} and protecting the Arab popula- tion.
....
NA
it may have essayed an impos- Biblo task, a task in which im- Copatlality was certain to be in-
[SUM
tarpreted us partiality by ano rece ar the::other.' There is 'In fact an inherent incompatibility: between Jewish ambitions was CLEAthey have been revealed 11. ru
AND
cent years-to bring all Falesthio | under the rule of a Jewish State and the Arab Calm Wor" "Pater- tine is an Arab country where the Jews have no right to rule: This incompatibility is only a mask not removed by lathe present reddiness" of "the" - Zionist Jewry to accept the partition of the country into Jewish and Arab states..
_______Arab__ Attitude.
The Arabs fiatly reject parti tion, and believe that. It would rarrely; ba ni temporarysi davlie to cover Jawfih preparations for absorbtion of the whole country, The method by which the United, Nations Assembly was Induced to spection partition do bet/landijo i i invalidate this Arab belief;- More-
FIRST AID
the
Many kinds of irritation can attark tīros Fázva. Prampt treatm of the OFTHEX C sally eliminate r serious trouble. But remember—al the feel sign of wersons trouble, pro- Orasenak, stries, should be sought.
·EFB_VATIQUE canned by overwork Csiky Křorber Iman Melontakt- ·
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bathan three times, a¦ day, with; OPTEEL; 29 w
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ALEXANDRA BUILDING,'