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ITALIAN ELECTIONS
THE CHINA-MAIL, SAT URDAY, APRIL 17, 1048.
It
Was
haggaru
nation
The Second Instalment
THE
+
Churchill's Memoirs
VERSAILLES TREATY
oficer-class 'in
•
than
APZIL
mankind presented
WIE
blame of
of Germany's defeat
defeat, perty inseparable from war. There the
the virtuous; how the structure
of
last year they would not have {cess. It was the fear, that had isolationist conceptions prevailed./Fnselein aprang from Communism,; the main fabric of European civ- : sef-preservation,
to
national policy. They were gur neighbour. But the British tariffs were raise the same time those kindred movements which storm and dust of the costoned restrafitt miny
onc
reason
longer to frame the Repub-tory, was contrary to the Four- 1930ing proposals for
upon
whleb the
scarcely have been foreseen Treaty was to be
therefore withstood Fuch
a
Soviel and Communist pro-land
his
$
which
were
dis-
of
were
even
•
+
Germany
.comman
army was prescrved', detors
men
and
not disguised their vital in-in all this business of peace-muk- tiously confoese had puncll- bandful of vessels under 10,000 committed by the Gefmaris un-peopics, when these
n the
as the
a
of
ble form.
creet
fifteen
prudence
become the
and
མ
been
P
thought and action, and British the Communist dictator, Bela though not, of course, their par- tion of former centuries. After sympathy or even admiration for Kun, Although Marshal Foch don, in the follies of the victors, all that we suffered and achieved Germany found powerful expres wisely observed that "Bolshevism Without these follies crime would we find ourselves still confronted had never crossed the frontiers of have found neither templation | with problems and periis not less victory," the foundations of Euro- nor opportunity.
but for more formidable The League of Nations had no
elvlisation trembled in the
those through which we have so Booner been created than it re-
Fascism early post-war
years. f
In these pages I attempt to re-narrowly made our way. celved att almost mortat blow was the shadow or ugly child of count some of the incidents and It is my purpose, as one who 17:0 'United States abandoned Communism. While
the Corporal impressions which form in my lived and acted in thero dass, President Wilson's offspring. The Hitler was making himself useful mind the story of the coming Brat to show how easily the trag
ready to do to the German President himself, battle for his ideais, suffered
of the upon Munich by arousing soldi
worst edy of the Second World War soldiers and tragedy in
In its tumultuous
history,
could have been wanted: France had been bled white by paralylle stroke just as he
wworkers to flores hatred of Jew This
itsalt not only
the
prolend malice of that setting forth on his campaign and Communists. generation The war. The
whom ho fald the destruction of lifo pro-reinforced by the weakness
and
__pro- had dreamed since 1070 of a war und lingered, hence forward a of revenge had triumphed but at futile wreck for a great part of the
deadly cost in national life-two long and vital jeats, at the another aventurer, Benito Muta-had been fearful slaughters of and habits of democratic States, aru end of which his party and his solini, provided Italy with a new soldiers in the First World War, unless they are welded into larger What gives special impor- strength.
accumulated organisins, lack those elements of tance to Italian elections to France that greeted the dawn et policy were swept away by the theme of government which, while and much of the
Italian to have the Republican Presidential victory of it claimed to
allan treasure of the nations was con- Persistence and conviction, which victory. Deep fear of Germany
raised
Still 1920. Across the Atlantic on the people from Communism
apart from the ex-
can alone give security to humble be held tomorrow is their
pervaded the French
morrow of the Republican
himself to dictatorial power. Success
of the Russian Revolution, mdases; how,
aven in matters of timing. Had they been held the morrow of their dazzling suc- norr
no policy is left to de Europe must be
slow so. Nazism developed from Fds-ilisation remained erect at the pursued for even ten or fift and
a. Thus were set on must pay its
foot close of seemed, as they do now, to prompted Marshal Foch
the
le. When struggle.
the years at -a
at a time.
We shall sco At
how the
of the counsels constitute a test of inter-mand the Rhine frontier for the its own julce,
safety of France against her far lawful debts.
were destined soon to plunge the to prevent the
∙passed suddenly
the no away. of the
more hideous delayed for
or and Amerlenn'
the goods by which alone world into
tions despite their enmities could primae agents of mortal danger statesmen held
held entry another, mainly because the that the absorption of German- these debts could be discharged: strife, which none can say has still recognise each otheries Mis-3 how’“the › mittals course adopted
onded with their destruction. hington Conference of
toric rec
personalities. The from took Populated districts in French ter-At the constituent assembly
from desires för d. 10 lead laws of
on the had on whole quiet We may be Nevertheless, one solid security been respected. There was
a direct to the hull's-eye of disu made} teen Points and to the principles naval disarmament
The for pence remained.
the 195 and
tet! We professional meeting-
We shall see how absolute NIC lican constitution than had of nationalism and self-determina- by the United States,
Peace British and American
was disarmed. Govern- could tion
All her artillery ground between military mch is the "head" of a broad path of ' been
It expected.
based. They ment proceeded to sink their and weapons were
who had fought destroyed, Her
another international action pursued by and battleships and break up
leel had already sunk itself their
ነዉ Vanquished
alike
still mały"Stbldg in common: across Scapa Flow. Her vost that they would fall at
France. They gained Clemenceau military establishments
semblance_of_civ- the years, treespective of the ebb with isbanded, By the Treaty of flised States.
and flow of national' moment when tension be-
A solemn Peace
pblities. tween the supporters and the promising: first, a join! An- gusto. It was argued in odd logic Versailles only
guarantee for the that it would be immoral glo-American
professional was made which, apart from un- It was a simple policy to keep France; secondly, arm the vanquished unless the long-service army, not exceeding
disarmed and the vic- Germany aspects, cod opponents of the European defence of
formed to
to the ptinciples which tors
adequately
armed
med for 30 Recovery Programme was at demilitarised zone and thirdly, victors also stripped themselves 100,000 men, and unable on this enforceable Gnancial
the total lasting disarmament of of their
basis to accumulate reserves, was in the
the 19th century 'had increas~}>ears, hid in the meanwhile, even weapons. The finger Germany. its height.
Clemencesu accepted As it is, the organs of this in spite of foch's protests/glo-Amerlenn reprobation was permitted to Germany for pur- Ingly "regulated the relatiónik" de 17 "a reconcilation' could 'not bo
The presently to be pointed at France, poses of internal order. The an-
an enlightened peoples: The
ign nude with Germany, to bulld Instincts, own
deprived allke of the Rhine from nual
nual quotes of recruits no longer of. law was proclaimed," and a ever more strongly a true Lea- Davantia in Eastern Europe freuty of Guarantee was signed tier and of her treaty or dissolved. Every effort was 10 guard us all, and especiallying sure that Treaties were kept received their training; the cadres World Instrument was formed 'gue of Nations capable of mak- maintaining, even on a have for weeks past spared accordingly by Wilson and Lloyd
George and Clemenceau.
Thw for
reduced scale
scale, a French Army made to reduce to, a
tithe the Europe, against a renewed cons or changed only by discussion no effort to denounce the United States Senate refused
Onicer Corps.
No military air vulsion. based
universal service. upon
and agreement. When three or force of sinister designs of the Right ratify the treaty. They repudiat
The United States made it clear fore Wilson's signature to Britain that the
any kint was allowed, Now in the Second World War
Powerful Governments act- ed President and Centre parties in Italy. And we, who had
continuance un
Submarines were forbidden, and
and every bond between
ing together have demanded the deferred 80 while Western countries have much to his opinions and wishes of her allia
alliance
pan, to the German navy was limited to man was to perish. Crimes were host fearful sacrifices from their with Japan
have the Jan
would consti-tons. Soviet Russia was barred der the Hitlerite domination to given freely for the common told without inuch terest in preservation of Ita-ing, were
that we ought to be tute a barrier in Anglo-American off, from Western Europe by a which they allowed themselves cause, and when the longed-for lian freedom. Western de- ceremony
this Accordingly
al-cordon of violently anti-Bolshevik to be subjected, which And no result has been attained, it would better informed about, the Ameri-relations. marche over Trieste was only
llance was brought to an end. States, who had broken
away
equal In some and wickedness can Constitution.
seem reasonable that concerted caused annulment one of a long series of diplo
profound from the former Empire of the with that
any In the fear, anger and disarray
have darkened the action should be preserved so In Japan, and was Czara in Ite new and more terri-human
that at least the essentials would record. The wholesale DS matic inducements, which in- of the French people, the rugged,] on in
Poland. and Czecho-muna
ronot be cast away. But this mod- no massacre by systematised. in dominating figuro of Clemencoati
pro- not clude Soviet (agilation
rity, Asiatic Power burning
the Western slovakia raised independent heads,cesses of six or seven millions of est requirement the might, civ- favour of British withdrawal with his world-famed authority,
in men, women and child
children in the lantioti, learning, knowledge. the from
former Italian and his special British and Ameri: world. Many links were sunder and seemed to stand
can contacts, was incontinently ed
Hungary had
German execution camps exceeds science of the victors were un- "Ingratitude towards prove might afterwards have Central Europe.
of decisive value to peace. rev
dose of Bela in horror the rough and ready able wouth and from colonies and a statement by discarded,
They livert supply. The the Polish Government that it their great men," says Plutarch. At the hemel with the fact that upon its laurels, was incompar- in scale reduces them to pigmy day, and from one election to
samo
pan could un. The French Army, resting butcheries of Genghis Khan, and would be happy to see these is the mark of strong peoples.
It was imprudent for France to the downfall of Germany and ably the strongest military forte proportions. Deliberate exter-another, until, when scarcely 20 colonies placed under Italian indulge this trait when she was Russin had, for a time, raised her in Europe, and it was for some mination of whole populations
lons years were out, the dread signol trusteeship. Moreover, à re- grievously wankened. There to the third place among the years believed that the French was contemplated and pursued of the Second World War was cent warning from the State was Hitle compensating strength
world's
naval Powers, and cer-
cer- Air Force was also of a high or by both Germany and Russia in given, and we must write of the to the highest ranit Alder.
the Eastern war.
The hideous suns of those who had fought Department Indicated that to be found in the revival of the thinly
intrigues and couseless
the Washington Naval Up til the year 1934 the power
bombarding
and died so faithfully dad well: cities open victory for the left-wing alli-group
changes of Governments And
prescribed A Inwer of the conquerors remained un- from the alt, once started by the Shoulder to aching shoulder, side ance would disqualify Italy Ministers which were the charac ratio of strength in capital ship throughout the world. There was by the evestmounting power They trudged away from life's
challenged in Europe and, indeed, Germans, was repaid twenty-foin -by side ** from further aid. The teristle of the Third Republic. for Japan than for Britain and HONGKONG gravity of this warning can however profitable diverting the United States (five: Ave no moment in these sixteen years the Allies, and found its cutatht Broad walds of light."
engaged in be measured by the fact that they were to those
three), the quota assigned to her when the three former Allles, or tion in the use or the atomie Siegfried Sasson, Collected was well up to her building and even Britain and France, with bombs which obliterated Hiro-Poems. Italy has received American
1 financial capacity for a good en
door their associates in Europe. shima and Nagasaki.
(To be Continued) aid to tune of about US$2,000,- Poincare, the strongest figure ma
many years, and she watched could not in the name 000,000 over last five years.who
On Monday, Mr. Churchill dla- succeeded Clemenceau, with an attentive eye the two of the League of Nations and
We have at length emergedi ausces Locarno, the. 1929 "econo- After this barrage from both templed to make an independen leading naval Powers culling
under its moral and international from a scene of material ruin and mic blizzard" and his relations Rhineland under the putroninge each sides it is certain that the and control of France, This hitu cach other down far below what shield, have controlled by a mere moral bavde the like of which, with Stanity Baldwin. clectors will have foreign no chance of success. He did not mitted and what
their resources would have per-effort of the will tho armed had never darkened the imagina-]
their respons- strength of Germany.
(World Copyright) Instead, policy in the forefront of their hesitate to try to enforce reparabilities enjoined. Thus, both in until 1931 the victors and parti- minds when their choice is tions on Germany by the invasion Europe and In Asia, conditions cularly the United States, -con- of the Ruhr. This certainly co were swiftly created by the vié-centrated their efforts upon ex- made.
forced compliance with TH
the torting by vexatious foreign con- treaties on Germany; but it was torlous Alles which, in Still Trying
severely condamned by British name of peace, cleared the way trols their annual reparations
for the renewal of war. As
fact tha1 from Germany. opinion. The suggestion is still being and American.
these payments
made put about, though as yet in and political disorganisation
result of the general financial
only While 94
these untoward from far larger American" Jours no "official" form, that it is Germany, together with repara-events were taking place, amid reduced the whole process to the the duty of the British Govtlon payments during the years ceaseless chutter of well-meant absurd. Nothing was reaped ernment to postpone the end- 1919 to 1923, the Mark rapidly platitudes on both sides of the cept ill-will. On the other hand, collapsed. The rage aroused in Atlantic, a now and more terrible the strict enforcement at any ing of the Palestine Mandate Germany by the French occupa cause of quarred than the Im time till 1984 of the Disarmament for three more months. It is ten of the Ruhr led to a vast, perialism of Czars and Kaisers Clouses of the Pence Treaty have to be seriously consider with the deliberate object of des- Civil War in Russia ended in the with
the without violence or ed if there were any real troying the whole basis of the cur- absolute victory of the Bolshevik the peace and safety of mankind!
this was neglected" while The Fuchrer does not believe ground for thinking that such rency. In the final stages of the Revolution. The Soviet Armies But
inflation the Mark stood at which advanced to
to subjugate the infringements remained petty
setty that anything can be achieved. a postponement would ma $3,000,000,000,000 (forly-three Poland
at present by megbtlitian, Eng- indeed repulsed in and shufined as they assumed were terially improve the situation. thousand million millions) to the the battle of Warsaw, but Ger serious proportions. Thus the land is not yet shaky enough nor But, in fact, there seems no pound sterling. The social and many and Italy nearly sucumbed final safeguard of
sufficiently tired of war," and a long would interpret any attempt at reason whatever to believe economic consequences of this into Communist propaganda and peace was cast away. The crime; woul
a sign of weak- that the situation in August reaching. The
were deadly and for- designs. Hungary actually fell of the vanquished find their back negotiation as
Bavings the for a while under the control oft ground and their explanation, would be any different from middle classes were wiped out
In the East, naturally, the pre- the situation in May. The and natural following was thus
sent moment is entirely uzav the banners 'of,
ourable for indicating any rend- tragic fact is that a state of provided for
National Socialism. civil war already exists." Iatfucture of German Industry
The whole CARNIVAL
By Dick Turner advantage, and however say it iness to negotiate Stalin has the can be ended in only one of was distorted by the growth of two ways. One is by the mush-room trusts, The entire intervention of an outside working capital of the country disappeared The internal nu- Power prepared to use, for antional debt and the debt of in- indefinite period, strong forces distry In the form of fixed HONG KONG far more ruthlessly than Bri- capital charges and mortgages AIRWAYS tain is prepared to do. But wore, of course, simultaneously But a foreign totalitarian regime this was no compensation for the
liquidated or reputilated.
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then.
•
•
Dr
Japan
The Wern
thes
a suggestion which would reckless printing of paper notes became apparent in Europe. The would have guarded.net,
flation
is no solution of the problem, toss of working, capital. All led The other is by a settlement directly. "to reached by the Arabs and the rowings
the largescale bor
of
✡
bankrupt nation of Getmen suffer-
Jews themselves: In the long ensuing years.
abroad which were the feature run that must come. If the ings and bitterness marthad for Arab and Jewish leaders will ward together as they do to-day. themselves face the realities.. The British temper・ towards. at first--had Gminy which
a settlement could still come been so fierce, very soon went as without a long, bloody, and
far astray the opposite direc- devastating struggle. But it tion, Adid
opanod
between would not be brought a day Lloyd George and Polticare, whose personality turpered nearer by continuing the Bri-bristling
hia firm and farsighted poleics.
tish administration for a day The two nations fell apart in longer.
Tragic Death
indeed that the Filipina
The sudden death from a people have suffered this heart attack of Fresident heavy blow at such a crucial Roxas has caused a profound stage in their history, shock in every part of the The Far East has suffered world where his work for the the loss of one of its most Philippines was knowh and gifted statesmen, who had he appreciated President Roxas been given a little longer to has been a powerful leader prove his tremendous capi- at a time when the young city, would have served as e Republie has needed him profound example of selfless mbot and his seniovements ness and clear-sightedness, for isation"" und " "re the shaken Orient. His death. habi
Laya-beon" con-, will everywhere be, fetorted
withi. Then deare
·
don't unde
Hendy, but how
ness-
of
to
Goebbels
Diary
vantageous
for someone Ah an ide ous situation to indicato His readiness to come to an ar- rangement, it is quite impossi ble for anyone at a temporary disadvantage to do 50,
We must therefore try to sur- vive this crisis, whatever the coal,
14 is
Euchreshing to note the
from
I have never ¿bafore - spénzthe Fuchrer-zó "disappointed: An the Duce is this tinie. "The Fuchrer optimisticaltitude. now realise that' Italy never was a Power no Power today, and jwar have I seen him so tough;) will ~10 NE, TO TERNISTER 7, we will not be Fower in the
Seldom throughout the whole
.....
ant
The Fuehrer told me in deuill after all his bad con
If
experiences about the equon, visit the the Dure agala puts himself) in Duce's personality did not in the Hands of his duaghtor Edda,
as powerfully this time who is him
really a quiqur and mzan at their earlier meeting, z
can't be helped "Werich, he
pallu- The main reason may be that calgr
DICAS
Fas
the
Duco now came to the Fucho Luce inekdentally in ree without any power, and that illas was generally nsumed. the Fuehrer
criticins
athur Binów/kvwww.dooked a protézsör voMorell:; fpitad
no
symptome of any acute ordon- The Fuehrer peeted that The Ferous allment. It is especially! Orst thing, the 1
the ice woulot. true
Oruc funt the Duce Is syphi would be to
WaveMorell
Clagnosed
on
his betrayer
auch indication ho
"however, which
latory disturbance his real. Imitation. Her workchi and "dut
ahowed hit
I not revolut
He the other woorde, the
Love
daughter Edda and, through clan from which y? NA UM
her his son-in-law Clamar phe
hering in whole them at 0.1LQ passed in
Pure And Clond
Ingo
Duce's
About
tween the Pugh any Cimio
"kie Duos faciptura
dünk the lotonous mishroom) "much trahdicapped" pys
la again. planted Ari, the finidat of intilm:family. Iba paw Exaclit Hapsible
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