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THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MARCH 12, 1948, ·
The loss of Burma was the most serious Allied reverse in the Pacific, according to General Wavell, whose official des- patches are released today.
FAILED TO IMPRESS WHITEHALL BRASS
By
Harold Guard
London, Mar. 11, In addition, Wavell records, he March 5, 1942 for the last round Form a strategical point of view asked Chiang Kai-shek for tem in the losing. fight for Burma, the loss of Burma was the most porary use of Lense-lend material General Alexander's account serious Allled reverse in the war for China, which was stacked in starts off by forthrightly declar against Japan, according to large' quantities Rangoon, to ing "there. was no real unity of General Sir Archibald Wavell in make good Burma's deficiencies. · · command the Allied forces in official dispatches released for "To neither of these requests Burma although I had been,
did I get a definite reply, though, nominally appointed Commande publication today,
The dispatches cover operations in the end, one squadron of the of the Chinese Armies." in Burma from December 15, 1941 AVG did remain for the defence to May 20, 1942 and include the Rangoon and some Lease-Lond official reports of Lieut-Gen. T. equipment was placed at the dis J. Hutton and General Sir Harold posal of the Burma Army....Un the other hand the Generalissimo Alexander, successivo comman offered to send to Burma ders in Burma when the Allied Fifth and Sixth Chinese armies," the armies were being forced to the dispatches state. | treat by vusily superior enemy
strength.
Reasons For Refusal
that his
Inference to be drawn from his section of the dispatches is that the Chinese forces did not give a very good account of themscives in the early days of 1942 and der more than once was at log there is Uttio doubt that Alexan
the gerheads with
American General Joseph Stilwell who, it is widely known, always resented any superior command over the Chinese which he considered to be his own,
Absence Of Road
CARNIVAL.
By Dick Turner.
HAT DEPT
COPR, 1946 BY MEA GERVICE, ING. T. M. REĠ, U, B. PAT, OFF.
"They're all coming through a bit large this year, sir-- people have so much on their mindsÏTM
One significant omission was noticeable in the Hun. R.D. GH
Nowhere in the dispatches does | lespie's otherwise comprehensive any one of the Generals make survey of Hong Kong trade and excusen for the Allied defeat industry at the
apily winual meeting which has already been
summarized by the
It has been alleged American ut the General Chamber of General Joseph Stilwell's down-fusal of this offer was a main Commerce. From beginning to right verdict: "We took one hell contributing farter to the loss of end, no reference was made to of a licking." although General good reasons for the refusal.
Burma, but Wavell gives his very
Alexander also makes it plain the Cutony's exchange problems,dea that the Army in Burma was perfectly clear that it was a con- advance as
Alexander anphasizes that "any
that there was nothing he could "The Generalissimo mnde
da but try to delay the Japaness although these must have engag; driven back by inferior numberstition of his offer that a separate while the Allies retreated
much possible ed the considerable attention of is entirely Incorrect"
line of communications should be Burma,
from every local business
man, parti- General Wavell again reviews available for his troops and that cularly in the lust four or five | the unfortunate
circumstances they should not in any way be the absence of a road to India 1 wish to emphasize that in months.
which resulted in Burma being mixed up with British troops... How much is involved is in transferred three times from one But was impossible at the time, the loss of Rungoon virtually de- cided the issue of the Campaign The Chinese who had no adminis in Burma. command to
another. dicated by two factors. The "The War Office was
Thereafter my fartrative too
task services t their own keen interest now being taken in away and too occupied with other would have complicated the al was to impose on the enemy the.
dimcult Landon in exchange movements in muliers to concern itself with, or ready
maximum delay possible with the administrative Hong Kong was amply illustrat-even to understand, the needs of problem in Burma. These were means remaining at my disposal ed by Wednesday's question in have given
Burma, to which
would the reasons for my qualified ac-I wish hiso to draw attention" to the vulnerability of castern sympathetic const-ceptance of the Generalissimo's the House of Commons, to which deration as part of her own de-offer, It should be noted, that a countries where the ignorance
A week ago not one English Mr. Glanville Hall replied in- fente problem," he records, add- Chinese "Army" was the equiva-and gullibility of the population
a hundred dicating the imminence of furthering that it had lung been appar. lent in mambers of a British divi. Tenders them more susceptible to maner women in
the lying_tongue of rumour than could have given a sion, but with much lower scale their
Batisfactory western brothers....The answer
asiced, suddenly, ble for Burma's requirements to gold dollars, if further measures be met in time from the United red my declen was justified by local guides and had many friends
It was one of those lazy areas the miliary situation as it appear- are practicable.
reply, Kingdom.
the average citizen's geogra- clearly, is linked with the pre-
ed to me at the time. Nor had among the real population."
"In fact they had all the ad-phy. I any reason to know that the sence in Hong Kong at the mo
But now, with great gilbness→→ Chinese attached great political vantages which accrue from hav
ing a plan and from preparations having seen the maps thrust into ment of an official of the Bank
Importance to acceptance of the made over a long period in tim by hands the citizen can tell us of England, whose mission A
offer. From subsequent experi- ence of the slowness of the
of_prace." he records,
that it lies in Central America, somewhat "hush-hush" but must
However,' 'Alexander pays tri- on Latitude 16, next to British Chinese troops moves, I think that
sections of the Honduras. And he may give a
India
Lands Of Chewing Gum And Mahogany.
incusures to check a leakage of oni to him it was quite, impossit equipment....I am quite satis Japanese always had the help of "Where is Guatemala?"
This
Cardinal Error
“The cardinal mistake was the placing of Burma in the Far East
The
In
countries,
to
the
YUCATAN
BUATEMALA
ELIZE OLUT KONJURAY
NONNUNAR.
་་ །
Command instead of under in even if I had accepted the whole bule to som logically be connected with Bri:
that particularly the fair account of the dispute nos tain's concern, over "free market" | recommendations to this effect
have Burma Army Signals which had on between the two by once, they would actually activities in Hong Kong and the had repeatedly been made hints of damaging gold dollar himself and several successive reached Burma very little, if any, a large proportion of Karens and Beyoud that? Still very hazy.
So let us get to know a little Commanders-In-Chief In India, sooner than they eventually did, some Burmess personnel, which leakages through this Colony.
"did magnificent work and was more about the Mahogany Coun including his predecessor Gen Sir Wavell contends. Many of the allegations are, of | Claude. Auchinleck,
completely reliable." turned As things have
out,
try (which 18 British Honduras) inadequacy of defence course, based upon an incomplete Their recommendations were not however, he admits it would have
saved much crittelsm
in China Preparations in Burma were the and the Chewing Gum Land,
Here are some facts for your knowledge of the facts, and local accepted by the War Office, ap- and the United States had he chief cause
of our defeat. week-end conversation, business man (not yet accustomed parently through political const-accepted the Generalissime's offer Owing to our fallure to reinforce in time the enemy was nearly to the commercial
British Honduras, which is→ GETTING TO KNOW- regimentation derations, even when the Japan wholeheartedly and at once..
ese had occupied “Indo-China "and" "I do not, however, think it always a march ahead of us, ft that Britain's economic situation brought donger to Burma much would have made any differencei is easy to see that even one moroittle bigger than Wales," is
infantry brigade received early in wood is its chief export.
Mahogany Country, because this requires in the United Kingdom) closer. Later, the fall of Singa- in the end, to the defence
To-day there is a population of January would have suced to almost certainly insist that Hongpore convinced the Wor Office the Burma," Wavell records,
But abo coming from it are Belize and only one in 25 is white,
68,000 of whom 17,000 :aresina: F lurn the scale in practically Kong's exchange control system change of command was justified,
every battle from Kawkereik to wood cedar, logwood, sugar, Descendants of the Spaniards,
turtles Fifth Column
Creoles, Byrians and is, in all conscience, rigid to the when it was too late.
Rangoon....But throughout the arsaparilla, tortoiseshell,
Chinese Gen. Wavell said he was great-
und bananas. cperations point of acting in severe restraint ly concerned by the
the enemy were
Arrival extent of
make up the rest would surprise you. And there's at least one very On internal affairs in Burma at superior in numbers. 'usually Burma's de-
You might not of trade. In this connection, Mr. unpreparedness in
expect And the time, Wavelt obscrves: "The about two to one on the actual Belize, the capital (and centre of/Pleasant fact, to record about Portsinure's visit should serve to fence when he took over the
enportance of fifth column has battle front," General Alexander the dispute), so well laid out only 1s. in the s on the first tax- British Honduras-income-tax is command, clear up much misunderstanding
"So dangerous to India did I been exaggerated:, the number of concludes. United Press.
able #250! and satisfy official minds at Home consider the situation to be, I in- rebels who took arms against us that the deleterious effects of sisted the dispatch to Burma. of or assisted the enemy was prob- ably small. But the moral effect such exchange manipulations as
additional Indian Infantry
on the soldier that a proportion are operated through Hong Kong Brigade and battery and arrang of the population was potentially ed for a senior administrative hostile and treacherous was con- have been highly exaggerated. staff offer to visit Burma and siderable,"
Nor is it to be overlooked that | ascertain their mcst pressing
Lt. Gon, T. J. Hulton prefaces
Shanghai, Mar. 11. Hong Kong is hardly to be con- needs." he records in his official his section of the dispatches with sidered in importance beside the dispatch,
a criticism of
The Ministry of Communica the intelligence tion has authorised both CNAC "free
the system in Burma. markets"
But he failed to ImpresF operating in brass-hats in Whitehall to whom "No arrangements. had been and CATC to increase as from Milan, Rome and Paris, where there seemed little pressing dan-made to provide for external in today
passages within and the tendency has been exactly the ger to Burma protected on the telligente before the war and as from the country by 45 per trees Interlaced with giant has again to day, and no more same as in Hong Kong, to pucast by two neutral states, Siam a result we were usually in com- cent. the American dollar at a consi- and Indo-Chine, both of which plate ignorance of what was hap
had professed their intention to pening just over the Thailand defend themselves against Japan- border. The same applied to in- se nagression, and by natural termal Intelligence," he records. Aimculties on the mountaincus Hutton's version of the Burma undeveloped country on her. bor campaign portrays a gloomy plc- der while, so long as Singapore ture throughout, remained, there was little danger. of a threat from the sea..
derable premium over the pound in comparison with official rates. There is always a risk of pay chulogical damage to sterling's status in such a situation, but the danger in Paris, ordinarily the most important financial centre on the Continent, must be im- measurably greater than here in Hong Kong, on the extreme edge of things. The practical risk of any considerable leakage, too, is not great and the surprising thing is that so much fuss is be ing made about it.
Looking at Mr. Gillespie's sur vey possible that be les unsaid
an
"Unlikely"
"The course of the campaign; should be a warning that the civil and military administration musi some on a war footing before hostilities commence. It is
the fair to the troops, to
civit
un-
Thus it was that Burma's re- quirements continued to be plac-population, in fact unfair ed icw on the War Office priority everybody to expect our loosely ot civil list despite Wavell's insistence nit peacetime system
and military administration to that more attention should be paid adapt itself quickly to war con- to deficiencies in Burma's deditions," be warna.
fences,
One of the worst features of "Both the War Office and the the situation in Burma was the "undisciplined, els-
Far Eastern Command Informed attitude of
PLANE FARES RAISED
It is hard to believe that it lles in an area of mangrove swamps.
Over to Guatemala-which, af- Hot And Wét ter Mexico; is the largest pro- Epidemics of cholera, yellow ducer of chicle gum, which is the
basis of chewing gum, lever-and-other-tropical discuEOS
Her claim to the Colony of have been frequent. It is hot.
-old as humid and relaxing. Hut high British Honduras is as
Guatemala itself. In 1945, - in Lides which cover the swamps and invigorating breezes blowing fact, she was on the point of in-. from the sea make it a lot vading our little Caribbean land. healthier than it sounds.
didn't, Britain offered Apart from the swamps the to refer the matter to the Inter- colony is thickly forested,
national Court of Justice, as she
creepers in which roam jaguar lapir and deer.
"British "woodcutters who came
But she
was heard about .
Old And New Thus it will cost one CN$11,-| 600,000 to travel from here to here in the 17th century founded
the colony, the Sprinish tried to Guatemala,” which is 109 years Hong Kong and CN$10,400,000 throw them out, there were a few old as a republic, is a mixture of from Chungking to Hong Kong local wars, and a century ago it ancient and modern. -----Central News,
breame British. ́.
BARCLAY ON BRIDGE
By SHEPARD, BARCLAY
"THE AUTHORITY ON AUTHORITIES"
TIME FOR THANKSGIVING
Burma was unlikely until the bed and maltreated. In a moated bridge. player. On spécial, ne- If East had reckoned thus and ORTARER PENANGAN
PITT CLARK.
In 1939 reports › Ilke" "these, reached Britala: "Wild; Mayan" tribesmeny fierce:: Äghters... whaz kill with poisoned arrows, storme ; ed through the jungle along the Norther Guatemalan border when
the revolution, against Guatemala's Dictator. Jorge, Ubl- | co; broke out .........” The rebels were beaten but another revolt in 1944 otherthrew President Ubico.
·Yet in 1945 under a 'new' con-" rebid hearts on the preceding round, stitution women are given the whereupon South' diamond rebid in-vote (if they can read and write) stead of supporting the major show at 18. Men have it at 18 auto- Appreciation for gifts vouchsafeded he did not have three heattematically. Climate is good, but to its very wet, They say in some one that an attack in force against Indian population where mate qualifies required for end of the West therefore it pretty sure is he left - a
well-round have four. Actually, had
paris-it rains. 13-months) in the great deal that might have been Japanese had completed their shameful manner in spite of the exsions, however, it can be one of passed the 3-Hearts, West would said, very conscious that he was campaigns In Malaya and the efforts of many well disposed the most important of so doing.
Philippines," Wavell says. Burmans to help them," Hutton sets. That is, if you can recognise have been at least 100 points for the your-have doubled, and the result should For the rest, his analysis cover-
Ho admifts that he falled to sold
that a present of for of points is defenders. ed a great deal of ground but sufficient strength and also that
probably being offered to your alde, Note what a swing East's unwise added little to the sum of human he was wrong in his appreciation
through
the bidding of your op 3-5pades caused. The diamond K 1 ponents... In many such spotk the
went to the A, the ropade Klostero knowledge. Hong Kong's inter- of the Japanese Intentions which,
soundest acylon is to pass and see if the A, the club 2 put South is th est in the preservation of the he says, was due largely to the He did not attach any
poor Allied intelligence systems importance to the activities of the stead of going on with your own mond 3 was suffed by the spade 2 Freak your partner wants to double, In the A, the diamond Q won, the dia: system of Imperial: Preferences, Finally when the war against Free Durma Army which oppos bidding.... for instance, leaves no room for Japan started on two British Ined the Allies in the earlier. part
and the heart K. scored. That ser Quite rightly, how-fantry battalions, two Indian in of the campaign. 20
the doubled contract, a plenty bad ever, Mr. Gillespie insisted that tallons of Burma Rides were and the organization of the so- tantry brigadea and eight bat- With the progress of Invasion
result compared to what would have happened if East bad passed the 3. it would most unwise fór Hong available for Burma's defence.alled Free Bulma: Army, the
Henrier Kong to place entire reliance Japan, started only two British Id-tution naturally grew – pécran upon such adventitious aids if her; The artillery comprised," only but. It is fair to say.... that - the merchants.desire to maintain four. mountain batterie and the traitor forces achieved remark
ably little, although their their place, in competitive, mar-air forces avallable were on ance was a constant threat,
pre.
argument.
press his case for Burma, with
Traitor Forces
A fighter squadron with a type of he records, five
kets,
The position of the local ship- aircraft which proved unable to By December - 23, 1941, Gen. vards, where labour costs are so compete with the Japanese: aht-Hutton said the Allied Infantry high that their tenders for newjets. *
9. A. 732
D.9
9KQJ
WE£
D. KQ1612
HAQS
Brigades In Burma, could baɛ re- garded as "ittle more than iron- {{Dealer?¡No!
E
| construction can be underbid al-* "The air defences (of Burma, nante, ready, to defend them. Arrable), sii
most any
espedially, of they
paints
-to-be
Chamber
ch, if not
*Rangoon (would; Has
manned
of selves doggedly, but otherwise uns North Att for any of Use normal opera 15
tions of waE."
Chéing to the
TH
Probicni
9. K10 64 HK 10
D. KQJ64
N
H: 6 2 WAE D-10 4/2 48 CK.Q.30.
Commission To Sit On Rioting
London, Mar, 10.
The Government will set up a commission to inquire into o the Gold Coast riots, whichisch cost 26 Ilves up to March 8, the mys Colonial, Under-Socretary, Mros David Rees Williams, told g Parliament today. Ma
The terms of reference would Include a "study of the under- lying causes of the trouble, which was set off by an exigeren vicemen's demonstration;
1674 10. Police officers were struck..
the face by bricks and stones and were bleeding: "pretty
ly before the order
the Hemonstra
Mr Row WillE