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THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1940.
NUERNBERG VERDICTS CREATE
Rebels Hold Most Of Bushire
Toletan, Oct: 2. Despite 48 hours of bombing nitacks by Italian Government planes, rebel troops still hold two- thirds of the city of Bushire, muld reports reaching Toleran, yeater- day.
Band Amir. the Important strategic point in northens! Shitos, was reported captured by rebels and the garrison disarmed after heavy fighting.
The newspaper "Keyhan," said the Premier hat decided to gen- Far's demands. ernity Recept Ho skreed, seld the paper, quae Ingriable sources," to:-
(1)-Increase the number of Fara Provinelal Deputies in the Mais (Franian Parliament).
(2)-Extend, the enllway to Farm and to naphalt Fara' roada., ronds.
(3)-Improve the economic and health situation in Fars.
(4)—Arraigo provincial And city council elections Associated Prens.
Want Property Back
Washington. Oct. 2. The War Department is cau- tious in sporoach toward a Philip Tito machinery company's de mound that
States The Walled Army return thu company's Manila waterfront properties iD the latter's control,
A spokesman for the Earnshaw tocks and Honolulu iron works in Manila said earlier, that he would As Washington to investigate the Army-retention of the property.
Henid that rehabilitation of the sugar industry depends on the return of the plant which is the only one in the Islands with faci- lities to repair cane mills. The Army's tenure without lease is er alace Philippines indepen- dence. Associated Press.
"SPECIAL POSITION"
Paris, Oct. 2. Yugoslavia today pleaded for n speelal position in the projected free-international zone in Trieste and declared that if this demand is not met, the zone is doomed to be "stifled to death."
Meanwhile, the Bulgarian pulitical Commission in the wake
PROBLEM FOR ALLIESORIENTAL
London, Oct. 2.
The verdicts of the Nuernberg trial face the Allied RULE OF
authorities with a need for a number of policy decisions concerning the fate of tens of thou-
sands of Nazis provisionally detained for INDIVIDUAL It had been expected that the verdict on the RESPONSIBILITY
security reasons.
"criminal organisations" would create a legal
Nurenberg, Oct. 1. basis for a permanent solution in all cases, The importance of the rate of whether the detained men are military leadividual responsibility for ders, SS men, high officials of the Nazí Gov- oggression laid down in the ernment or Nazi Party activists.
Nuernberg War Crimes Tribu- nala judgment was emphasis- In fact, it has done no is mity of treatment throughout, ed in a statement issued by the
prosecution here to of these cases, but not in Germany, and has even recont British all of them. The acquittal of mended the de-Nazification law night. both Individuals and organina- adopted by the three German
"The reason why the judg- tions in particular may force states in the United States zouement is a historie document of the Allies to consider whether as a pattern for dealing with the highest importance is that.
*lished as a rule of international Inw, that aggressive war, or a war in breach of treaties, is an International crime for which there is a personal and Indivi- dual responsibility," the state- mont unid.
a tan can be free of criminal members of criminal organisa- it has finally and clearly estab responsibility and yet so deeptions. ly politically implicated in the netivities of the Nazi regime that it would be unsafe to lut him loose upon Germany.
Under the Nuernberg verdict man will bo congtdered a member of a criminal organisa. tion if he:
1. belonged to the Nazi corps of political leaders in a position of command, to the Gestapo or SD (Security Ser vlen) or to any formation of the SS as a no-conscript inem Her in time of war.
2 can be proved to have had knowledge of the general activities of the organisation he can only be punished for war crimen, in which they had a per- sonal, share.
Schacht Precedent
Under this law, major offen- ders are liable to loss of civic rights and a special reparation tax for limited periods, major offenders to conflacation of pro- perty, confinement in Labour camps and permanent leas of civil rights.
It would thus appear that the Allied Control Council will have to make three decisions:
1 Whether to adopt a gen cralised form of the America none law for dealing with all
of "criminal organ membera nations,"
ant whether to and ity execution over to German tribunals on the American zone pattern;
2. Whether to authorise the Germuna to extend similar measures Lo
Nazi pre-war
This leaves two important criminals; and
categories uncovered:
measures
3. Whether to take special
security the agreed
against non-criminal responsi- ble members of the Nazi poli- tical, military, administrative and economic hierarchy, --Soviet-Dissent
"In view of this fundamental finding the decisions nt which the tribunal has arrived on the facta in the ease of particular individuan is in some way a
transient in
matter of only
terest.
"No particular significance is therefore attached to the fact that certain matters on which the tribunal was not unanimous were adopted."-Reuter,
Co-
ty vote with a casting vote for the president, the remarkable smoothness of Big Four operation
at Nuernberg bad not prepared public opinion fori any ultimate lack of agreement.
1. People who served Nazi regline in a responsible capacity as military leaders.
There is no essential reason allicials or economic organisers,
why the expression of minori- without, however, belonging to any of these criminal organisa-
ty vote by the Soviet Judge, condemning the acquittal of tion or committing individual If agreement could be reach Schacht, von Papen and Frits- crimes. These people, due for ed on the last point, it would che and of the German Cabinet. acquittal from ny criminal clearly much reduce the impor-General Staff and High Com- charges on the precedent of the tance of the dissent announced mand, should have Schacht and Papen judgments by the Soviet representative
repercussions. and the decision on the German with the Nuernberg judegment Government
Com on the Reich Cabinet, the Gen- and High mand, may nevertheless create eral Staff, yon Papen, Hans Fritache and Hjalmar Schacht
the three acquittals.
a security problem.
2. People who did serve in the criminal Nazi organisations, or even personally took part in concentration camp but did so before the outbreak
of wer
atrocities,
These people are left by the ut the Military Commission, made verdict autside the jurisdiction adeo
decision to demilitarize the of International law, and their ulgarian side of the line and deeds were mostly "legal" un voted to maintain the 1941 Bui- der Nazi lew garlan boundaries,
Only
Greece opposed move-Associated Press.
thep
Special Law
The solution for the second category would plainly lie in a Late in the afternoon, the ho- special German law, but at pre- pital reported that Mr. Cordell sent no German authority cap Hull's condition became more seri- nble of nation-wide legislation buy during the ny-Associated exista. Yet the Tribunal haa
Fress,
expressed the need for unifor-
1945 PEAK YEAR FOR DIAMONDS
Johannesburg, Oct. 2.
More diamonds were sold during 1945 than in any other year of the diamond mining industry's history, according to Sir Ernest Oppenheimer, chairman of De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., world's largest diamond producers.
ley,
The company's gross profit for the year by the Kaokoveld Ex- 1945 was 7,523,000, compared ploration Company from the with 4,799,000 for 1944, he Kuene River in the South said, addressing a general meet- distance of more than 300 miles..
of shareholders at Kimber This .coast has now beer Sales in 1945 reached the re- Cortain remnants
mapped geolegically in detail.
of marine! cord gure £24,500,000, benches extending about 35 miles witich wäs £4,000,000 higher southwards from the month of than the 1943 peak. Of this the canib River have been figure $3,000,000 was for in- found to contain diamonde. dustrini alarmonds.
in
e of taxation £5,000,000.
to
The difficulty would be devise a proper form for such security measures. British and American opinion would pro- bably object to anything in the nature of a long-term dalen tion of people whom un inter- pronounced Allied court has non-criminal.
Some means of keeping them out of German political lite and responsible positions in Ger- man business and administra tion will, however, clearly have to be found if the purpose of the Allied Occupation is to be accomplished.
+
Not Prepared Meanwhile, news of the dis- senting judgment declared by the Soviet member of the Tribu- nal, Major General P. T. Nikit- chenko, caused minor diplona- tle sonsations here.
Although the possibility of a dissenting judgment is provided for by the Tribunal's charter of constitution, which states that decisions be taken by a majori-
03
tho
to
"The stones are very small, $7,623,000 profit was averaging about seven carats. exceeding It is yet too early to any whether
the
deposits are payable. nothing like all this
"In order to enable a through amcunt of profit is to be dis- investigation to be tributed.
be made The diamond pro administration has agreed ducers learnt a terrible lesson extend the daring the years of the lepres
prospecting grant for a a further period of 18 sion, when hardly a single mine months and have also granted was in production and Kim to the berley was
city,
ainiost a deserted
Berted right to
The accumulation of
company the exclusive prospect for diamonds along the Atlantic Coast between large the Ugab River and
cash resources in good times to Area No. 2 (In the South and
avold cicaing down the mines in The Kaokoveld's is one of the bad times is the policy of De most jealously guarded bits of Beers. The fund at the moment territory in Africa and the
en- 120 try of Europeans prohibited
stands near 49,000,000.
But
alling
mỹmm · Kys los anở blonde ky
for
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But observers here tonight were reflecting that today the new international disagreement fails to exercise on foreign policy.
an influence
Soviet Statement Consequently there is some speculation as to whether the Soviet dissent from the verdict will reinforce the view held in Moscow that the de-Nazification is not auliciently drastic in the
Western zones.
In a statement issued to- night the Soviet judge described Schacht as a "swindler," who should have been convicted he cause he "consciously and de liberately supported the Nazi | party and actively aided in the seizure of power in Germany by the Fascists." On von Papen, the second nequitted Nazi, the statement said that he had been proven guilty of helping the Nazis to come into power and had "used his connections to solidify and strengthen Hit- lerism and a terroristic regine 6 Germany. Von Papen faith- fully served Hitler up to Lac very end, akding Nazi plans of aggression with his ability and diplomatie exile."
A BRITISH CROSS WORD PUZZLE
ne diamond slump is ex-without special permits. Hun- pected. Now
Now contracts and new ger, thirst, wild animals zud methods
practically wild natives march alongside arantee minimum annual sales the
the travelier in this land of many yearn ahead.
The great plains and rugged moun-1. Lounged. supply position will be further tains and uncharted rivers. improved and steadied by the On Its beaches the diamonds
A. Choosex. release of diamonds from the have been found just as, many 7. Drowsy. War Diamond. Renerva.
yenta ago, the discovery of the This was established at the Alexanderafontein
vin
4.
ener.
Across
18. Ent away. 16. Closely oc- cupied.
request of the United States and South-West Afrined the 9. Motal fast-
Governmenta and was sands strawn with drange #. Run of..
British subscribed to by all diamond washed glown by the
Brands diamato in River, from the blue-clay of the
ypar.
years,
16. Sightless,
13. Teaches.
20. Muscles.
and diamonds, reverted interior and washed up again 11. Getting on in21. Vim. to producers on June 2 this by the gens in
"ouch sparkling
into the extract from Oppenheimer's re-sand with every other step. port
Somewhere in the eavage hin
"or' particular Interest in thion that the bench walker
Tansom L
1: Clear "In the Kaokoveld Territory torland of the Kaokoveld inay 3. Transport. prospecting along the coastal be found the bluo-clay on which animal area was continued throughout another Kimberley will be bullt. 3. Segged.
Yesterday's Solution
Cross:-.. Mass; 4. Tripper; 8. Core; 9. Zero; 10. Average; 11. Rude; 12. Pure; 14, Erasure; 17. Ready; 19. Weird; 22. Pottery; 20 Slay: 27. Als; 2. Prairie: 29. Arch: 30. Stay: 31. Ushered; 32, Silt.
DOWN: 2. Avenue; 3..Scored; 4. Trade; 5. Revert: 0. Paris; 7. Eager; 12. Prop: 13. Rapt, 10. Unit; 16. Eddy: 18. Praize: 20, Essays: 21. Rascal; 23. Ogrea; 24. Twind; 23, Yield.
Down
4. Moped,12, Freedom from 14. Commands,
occupation
5. Talk...
18, Close,
15. Blue.
10. Deportment,
16. Vestiar 17. Savoury.
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