+
Iakе 2
CHINA MAIL
Windsor Höð
ManaFinz Editor: W. J. Kenter
Totophones:
24364 Batto: toporate & General Ofce 02312 Accounts 33923 ACTORY R
11
'Revolver As "Security"
Chan Kin-L., who printed a revolver at a rawnbroker'a ng- sistant when he was refused the
amount He demanded for a watch he wanter to pawn and freed the pawnbroker to give him $100, was arraigned before the General Millory Coat yas- B.K.$ 0.00
terday on #charge of arme. robbery. EI.K.$18.00 H.K.$36.00
Aubscription Rates:
• moxtha
1 months
INDONESIA
raeen the Naindist leaders and the Praia is not particular ru to rarh couraging thi to teshadow the id only me Punch troops ate he landed in t handle large and condi the extras, and though this apprats to be the mediate cause at the Entest fare up, it does not after the fact that British inter vention could be continued in detiurel. It has done Britain's
in India o reputatum in among the Asati, proples general hood there has been a tendenca
The Court comprised Mr. Leo d'Almada (President). Maj. J. B. Kite and Capt. I. M. Light-1 body.
d'Almada MF. 1. prosecuted.
Mr. F. X, d'Almacin told the Court that on Feb. is at about
frightened and $100.
THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MARCH 15, 1946,
EIGHT YEARS FOR
ARMED ROBBER
STATING THAT IT WAS A CAREFULLY PLANNED ROBBERY AND THAT ACCUSED HAD NO REA- SON TO EXPECT A LIGHT SENTENCE FOR THE
HE WHICH
HAD OFFENCE TO
PLEADED GUILTY, MIR. LEO D'ALMADA, PRESIDENT THE GENERAL MILITARY COURT, YESTERDAY SENTENCED CHENG CHUN-TO, 30, UNEMPLOY- ED, TO EIGHT YEARS' HARD LABOUR AND STROKES OF THE CANE.
C.C.S. To Hold Examinations
Cheng was
OF
ола
convicted charge of rubbing the Cheung Fung Yue Import and Export
Escape
Two Chinese had a re- markable exerpe from death in the New Territories when their truck skidded of the road and fell 1650 Ject to the rocks below,
The condutor, Len Sul- yang was killed, but both the driver, Trang Fat, und the paracuper vece unhurt. The evident treurred at Ting Kan, near the 11 milestone,
Firm. of Nr. 24. Ison.ham Sund MOUNTBATTEN'S
East, of C.N.$2,500,000, H.K.-. $8,000 and Ü.8.$100. a wrint
Certified watch and a Parker fountain NEW "JOB"
to re- pen.
HUMPHREYS ESTATE GENERAL MEETING
PRESIDING AT THE ORDINARY GENERAL MEETING YESTERDAY OF THE HUMPHREYS ESTATE AND FINANCE CO., LTD.—THE FIRST COMPANY TO HOLD A GENERAL MEETING AFTER THE WAR, REVEALED MR. D. E. CLARK, CHAIRMAN, THAT CONSIDERABLE DAMAGE HAD BEEN DONE TO THE COMPANY'S PROPERTY LARGE- PARTICULARLY AFTER LY DUE TO LOOTING, THE JAPANESE SURRENDER AND THAT IT WAS ESTIMATED THAT ONE THIRD OF THE PRO- PERTY IS NOW UNINHABITABLE. He also stated that a morta- gage to the company of S161,600
had been paid off by the mort- Constable
He has been nominat-held him ressible. the
"Thia is announced by Major C. r. Miles. F.C.C.S. who is at present serving as Deputy Assist- ant Director of Medical Services
of the Cor-
years
L
Who Sold A Pistol
gagor and new title deeds issued by the Japanese but that the The Corporation of
heer informed The anonrespen, that British
Secretaries hopes shortly
mortgagor had to be with
Lord Louis Mountbatten has that the Company composed of sume examinations in Hong Kong The Court whe
did not ro! A special constable. Ran al Indian #mugs 112
under the auspices of the Educa Mr. Lee d'Alnusin. Maj. J. Bnow fob. It is nothing to do with cognise the transaction and still Ying-cheung, of 17, 146, Shang- drawn as rapidly as presible non p.m. three Chinese went to the Wah Yick Pawnshop. No.
Lion Department
Kite and Capt. 1. M. Lighthody, the service. as before
hai Street, was changed before Indonesia and thru the movement 49. Nancheung Street, and, pros
War
Mr. P. X. d'Alnunda prosecuted cd as the next President of the
The brighter side of the pic Mr. A. o Arculli at the Sum- Start as immediately, is duced a gold plated watch for
while Det. Sub-1sp. R. Macken British Institution of radio enture, said the chairman, was the mary Military Court, yesterday i to
The souster that fledge. They asked for $200
Izie appeared for the pollee,
gineers. most welcome.
According to present
arrange continual demand for property with selling a revolver and seven One man men are out at the country but were offered $29.
Outlining the care Mr. F. X.
ments Lord Louis wil be formal-at prices away above pre-war, rounds of ammunition without a Me lives have been said heuld produce further
d'Almada anid that on Feb. 11
T Inducted at tho Institute's and the disposal of two damaged permit, the better.
twenty-first birthday meeting in properties at a fair profit. Ist in the list ten days and the security and with this drew out in, the Civil Affairs Administra accused and two others went to
Mr. M. A. da Silva pleaded Supporting the chairman were guilty in behalf of accused. De- progress of the orgotiations be a revolver. The assistant was tion, and who is acting as Hong the shop and Inquired about ex-October.
Hong representative gave the Bien
change rates. On the following Lord Louis
had a Messrs. J. M. Alves and H. V tective-Inspector it. MacKenzio poration.
Major Miles is desirous of day accused and par other, arm specialised knowledge of radio. Wilkinson, D.S., and Mr. J. L. prosecuted.
into touch with Anyed with a revolver and dagger. He passed out first in the long quic, secretary.
+ Inspector Mnckenzie stated Setting
nt the Royal Naval Signal
Among the shareholders pre- that an Feb. 19. two Chinese Before ALT: Fellows, Associates or registered returned and sudied the key course
Corporation to of the Students
the safe from Cheng - School 20
foresent were:--Messra. L. Kadoorie, were arrested in connection They should write kin. Hoa hong
taking a sea-going Appointment
intment C. B. Brown. R. A. Dustur, R. with an armed robbery at Caine Fleet Wireless Officer In the to him at the Medical Branch Cheng was elevd into the Rest W
Samy, W. C. Rond. After the men's arrest, Headsnarters, Flange Rang
Mediterranean be bad and kitchen where he was, bound, the Firat Admiralty handbook on Lee, P. A. Xavier, 11. Gittens information revealed that aceus-
produced A. Wadeson. A Shangh Bank Building, Int gagged and blindfolded. Later wireless telegraphy sets and was and P. M. N. da Silva.
ed has previously been in pos- Plur.
of the two other fokus were similarly
The Chairman said:"Before session of a revolver. also responsible for a new edition Kong
Accused's Holon will be interested to treated.
Menawhile the safe of the Admiralty handbook on the proceeding with the business for house was visited by the Police
Kame Aubject. Both are
still which this meeting was called but no revolver was found. keow that Seretaries Hall, Fit was emptied of its contents,
works. Lord After the robbers had depart-standard
Louis shoukl like to refer to the loss¡ Zsov Square, London, although in
At the junction of Nathan the heart of the biltzed area of ed the victima freed themselves joined the Institution in 1938.
the Company has sustained by Road and Hankow Road, accus NOW IN BANGKOK The West End survived the war, and reported the matter to the
the death in india of Mr. J. ed was arrested and cautioned. without material damage and the Police. On information the ne-
Bangkok. Mar. 14.
a statement to Admiral Lord Louis Mountbat. Davies, Mr. Davies served on Accused made including examinations Mr. F. X. d'Ahunda wied
len, d'ommander-in-Chief South this Board on numerous occa the Police that he had sold the East Asia. throughout the war without inter- that the total boty taken by
arrived here thtssions for various periods, and gun to a Chinese who was un-
vi.it morning on two-day
his advice was great value to the der arrest alleged to have taken Acensed denied that he had ruption.
was estimated at
the King of Siam. He was ac- Company. Our sympathy goes part in an gereed robbery. Ae- threatened the and with a The President of the Corporn the robbers
cused stated taxt he had picked revolver. the badly wanted tion, the Earl of Iddlesleigh, is K.$17,000 part of which, had companied by Lady Mountbatten to his wife and relatives.
with the been recovered, -till on active service to pawn the watch.
Imposing statence. Futres, bat the Secretary, Capt. I
hack of Homuntia. Found unnally guilty by the Court, area sentene., R. Dresdale, F.C.C.S.. F.L.A.A.,sident remarken that it was a has returned to his duties after carefully planned robbery and service which included the, that accused and his accomplices Mille East campaigns.
went to the shop on the previous Lord Jewitt, for many years day to spy out the lay of the vion-president of the Corporation.land. He said that the rubbers is now the Lord Chancellor.
had used violence in binding and gagging the victimg.
Atr. 4. A d'Alandn said that though the man produced a revolver as spravity and he did not offer i, tu the assistant,
Yeung Chung. pawnbroker's, assistant, said he did not re- port the matter to the Poljee. He said that a few days before the robbery las hop, together with other 'shojet, revolved a lot. The ter demanding money. letter stiti that members of the had come from the brethren East River and were in aves of
$100.
member.
to sharp sets in the antef money, and a ked the firm for oration continued its uclivi- cused was arrestes e Feb, 19.
netrates.
States, as well as throughout ha rope where Soviet propagarula pe
The attacks, especially from the Cited States, have bero hard to bear because me that Bi
those
it was unly sheet ush troops weer
in alto five years' bure labour.
Mr. F. X. d Mmda udded that
was servi Beritard
tren years' term ou a curge of un- lawful possession of arms,
and nut American, rf no aber See the spot has been able to suggest that the British feners have not acted throughout with extrente restraint. Tu de sne circum
L
Wor
Readers' Letters
OUR WAR EFFORT Sir. Kindly allow me a little mee in your esteemed paper to reply to "Fiat Lux" who wrote in the sue of March 10 regarding British war efforts.
1
the Pre-
Money Mart
strengthened
Opening
Although gold vice chaplains and others interest yesterday morning. ed in compulsory church parates $446 a tael, it wenkened again in seem to have forgotten-tolerance. the afternoon and close at $131, the previous tolerance for the beliefs and dis- a 5-point dron on beliefs of others. My own atti day.
Chinese National Currency also tude is one of disbelief m any of |
dropped, and from the opening the current religions, though
по active anti-rate of HK$2.48 to CN$1,000 for While not denying for a moment have little or that the British have accomplish-pathy to them except where they fatures and $2.04 for spot, fell to
Interfere wit
with the beliefs or dis- $2.39 and $2.56 respectively at the jed some notable feats of arms in
the war just ended. I am afraid heliefs of others. My own belief's close.
make it impossible for me to re-
what the "Chicago Tribune"
T
anything
and their daughter.-Router.
Dockyard Strike
"it is now
years
in order to resume negotiations of Hong Kong to the Japanese with the Naval authorities, are to go on strike again to-day,
(Continued on Page 5)
Obituary
MISS N. WESTAWAY
with late Miss Westaway, who
at 10 am, on Saturday morning.
K.C.R. WORKERS GET INCREASE
In the New Year Ilonours List ako became an assoclate of the Royal Red Cross.
Funeral arrangements will be announced later.
a fine.
Sequel To Police Raid
ון
*
A heavy sentence was imposed by Mfr. W. H. Latimer on three Chinese yesterday for unlawful possesion of arms and conspiring.
Но to commit an armed robbery. K.C.B. engine-drivers and
Hing. Leung Yee and Wat Okin to three years were sentenced mechanics on a monthly pay basis have been given a 3-1/3 per cent.
hard labour for possessing revol
On the con- increase in their basic wage
and a dagger. vers spiracy charge, they were each from March 1.
Lam Shan, quemployed, wil sentenced to three year hard la- with the increase except that they sentenced to four months' hard bour. The sentences are to run Ishuiped, who pleaded not guilty, September last. Instead of March. the Summary Military Court
'feel it should be effective as from labour by Mr. C. Y. Kwan at consecuspector J. R. Syken
and on this point they are making another apperi to the railway administration.
On I
ལ
Для
The men are said to be satisfied
over five since last I addressed your but the revolver en a hill at the 1 feel it is not necessary to say Mr. Silva said that his client more about this big gap in the hud friend ramed Chou Company's history-the reason Cheung, attached to the Chinese The workers in the R.M. Dock-being well known to all of you, New First Army, who had left yard, who broke their 1-day sit-
RECORDS LOST
the Colony. Char had pursuad- down strike at 2.30 p.m. yesterday "Shortly after the surrender ed his client to give him the re- volver. Before his cilent could give Chan the gan, he left the This decision was reached at a
Colony. Tsui Tuang-yue, whom stances, any lover andered to me
this client had met with Chan large meeting of workers held late yesterday evening to hear
fon many occasions, approached cupy Java to deal with the Japa
port from their three represents- nese there would trave hren com
his client for the gun, saying that he (Tam) would be lear- attiver who in the afternoon had a pelled to act in the suur way, a thing which Far moralisers have
three-hour conference with repre-
The death of Acting Matron ing for China and needed a gun. Mr. Silva said that his client sentatives of the Yard authorities.
The conveniently overlooked. No av
the Miss N. K. Westaway Q.A.R.N.-
intention of reul considered that tim has been omitted that could
reuly from the Yard authorities NB. took place vesterday after had no criminal
cause the agon at the Royal Naval Hospital keeping the gun and asked for contribute to hang the Dutch au
was unsatisfactory because
Mary); workers demands had been sub- thorities and the Sjahriz Govern-
Accused was fined $1,000. mitted weeks 120, and a request ment together search of a m tually satisfactory agreement. Nu
now for an elaboration of their comes from Plymouth, had been ill demands showed "insincerity and for nearly a month and her con a desire to stall for time only." dition grow worse on Tuesday. thing has transpired in fact, which
At the conference the workers' She had been in the service for U.S. dollars were unchanged at calls for any British apology. it
wore asked
to nearly 15 years and was attached has been a deplorable business in
alterianes at hurch or $4.80, and English Sterling and representatives is true. In any alliansard the U.S.A. and Britain the tempic services as anything
and Hospital ships at home. She many ways, but no accusation can
and $12.00 respectively.
arrived in Hong Kong in October be truly laid that it has not been former will have to furnish 90 per than fulsome, grovelling adulation $16.80 in Bonds had buyers at ntect the Yard authorities again to a number of Naval Hosoitais
barbaric deity. 1 do not see
from Australia and was in charga our aim throughost to act with cent, of the fighting nower and 80 of
"EIGHT YEARS' HARD
of the. Naval Hospital here. per cent, of the money. This is how prayer can have humanity and with scrupulotis pro-
no wild lying let alone being a more than a certain psychologica!
"Fint Dr. Sjahrir's, although
Arrested during a Police raid catie- value for those o inclined. litical fairness.
Nevertheless, I. a man does best No, 18, Wing Wah Street lastj it that when he eni to quote: charge of a breach of faith in ta cilitating the landing of Dutch In the sume issue of the panor lewe prayer and does feel he month and convicted on a charge going to of unlawful possession of arms, forces does not hold water. A reporting this American libel" etc. derives benefit from
war was brought to a auc church, I would be the last to dis- Fung Sang appeared before the undertaking on the point was or cessful conclusion mainly through suade him or to out obstacles in General Milltary Court yesterday
Her his way. I it too much to ask charge of armed robbery a a point of relatively small inpost share of the war efforts against that he shout leave me free to No. 147. Yee Kuk Street, Sham- could be given. It is, moreover, the efforts of Uncle Sam.
religious life the way Japa
pas have been overwhelming, we my Mr. ya Mlok is avail- Japan was brought to her rest in the Services,
feel? Apparently it is. if knees
Furthermore, was unanituously found guilty and
yesterday for the theft of a suit told the court that on the night able, aided by Sir Archibald chiefly through U.S. elforts.
forced to
to subscribe formally senteneed to eight years hard Clark-Kerr, for negotiations ott It was so was not extraordinary
case containing clothing valued of March 11, a party of police one of the established charches labour, the sentence to run con-
at $150 from a Chinese woman, under Chief Detective-Inspector the future political Status of la nuse U.S. leadership in the
Pacific War was
generally agreed or sects. Atheists, agnostics and currently with the three years impossible to donesia and, it is
As she was walking
the Cheung Wai-ying, at the Star Fraser and himself went to the vicinity of No. 30 Portland Street. and accepted by Britain. But even all those Christians who are not that be is serving, for the posseES-
stairs at 85. Shanchal Street at Ferry Wharf on March 12. doubt the goodwill of the Nether in Europe, which rightly should art of some official congregation, ion offence.
The police had information that Mr. Lea d'Almada presided and about 11.15 a.m. yesterday, a
com- do not exist so far na
an armed robbery would be concern. so to speak. lands Government. The terms primarily be a British
the was assisted by Mal. J. B. Kite woman was pounced on by am interested in the formation of a Chinese were seen
A meeting of all Servicemen mitted there. At 17.20 the Services are concerned;
a.m.. Ave D.m.. U.S. contributions have far ok. offered to Dr. Sahrir are not com-
in their
B+- British.offeini motto in
CBSC
to approach those of pletely satisfactory.
F. X, d'Almada, assisted by Det-, fore could cry out. he had Theatre Club will be held this And so we have the spectacle of Insp. N. D. Fraser prosecuted.
and searched. Loaded revolvers stolen a gold ring off her finger evening at 8 pm. at St. John's the premises. They were stopped. and mado good his escape.
Hall. Garden Road,
were found on the first and second no second front could have been church parades, made up ofima
OPIUM CHARGES
third accused opened. I will now give facts to small
The U.S.
great bencfit A $1,000 fine or alx months hard support my contention. The contributed five armies for second front, viz. the 1st, 3rd. 7th. from the service; a majority com- labour was imposed on. Tone Nim- by Mr. W..H. Latimer of men who regarded it as cheong oth and 15th. The other armies posed of
"Just another parado." meaning yesterday for the unlawful por is so much that is nebulous in th are well-known, but I am sure
227 easier sersion of 18 taels of raw opium. that very few are aware that the less, rather dull, but undertakings that Indonesian e:
Lt way of
widow. Fan Sim, was fined 15th Army was there also.
passing a a Sunday morning ticisar is readily understood. 1
was, and its commander was Lhan the fatigue duty of some sort $100 or two months for possessing these are issues that can be ironed Gon. Leonard T. Gerow. It was or another which seems to be the four taols of the drug.
For the unlawful Dossession of out in negotiations. Dr. Sjahrir added towards the end to Brad-Service way of "converting the
heathen"; and a third small body ten tuels of raw opium, found in THE OLD CLOTHES DISTRIBUTING CENTRE OF claims a mandate to act for the ley's 12th Army
the a case he was carrying 1% armica of men (possibly as big as
the British majority of the Indonesians, and only, 2nd Army frat), who are there against their K.C.B. Station on March 12, Ng it is time he settled down seriously and % of the Canadian 1st Army will, and who find their tolerance Chat was sentenced to four months
which was made up of that num confronted with oficial, organised hard labour or fined $1,000.. to his task..
ber of British troops.
Intolerancu.
cannot myself believe that a I can still go on, Mr. "Flat
who eminently Just, already taken up God I have Lux", but
is Wah too much space so I will close new eminently reasonable, eminently Yan College staff Fr. T. Sheridan with the above irrefutable facts, fair, eminently kind and eminent S.J., Fr. J. Garland S.J., and Fr. See if that is not 90 per cent of ly tolerant as He must be to be God-w! punish a.man who says, honestly and frankly, that with mentai such knowledge and nowers as he has he can neither believe nor diabellovo in Him, or that He could be angry with auch a man for asking that he be
aner.
Lhe
one 13
up
The pros would go so far as to "Hump 'em down as C. of and Capt. I. M., Lightbody, MI. who 'pointed a pistol at her.
mise to enable the Indonesians to say that without the US, efforts
shape their own political destiny
dues not embrace, yet, recognition of the Sjahrir Government, and the chance of independence is left to some unspecified date.
JESUITS ARRIVE
Three members of the
There
Contributed
J. Howatson SJ. wore amongst the fighting power and 80 per the group of Jesuit Fathers who cent. of the money, arrived last week. They are look
ing forward to seeing many of
their former Dunils at the Geno-
ral Meeting of Paat Students to
be hold at 7 p.m. this evening on
PAX AMERICAN.
CHURCH PARADES Sir-Fany Servicemen, I feel,
number of men whe believers and who
depve
aro
11-
the top floor of the Whiteway will have failed to read with allowed by his followmen to live
Building.
AIR-MAIL BY ONAC. The air-mall time table for China by G.N.A.0. planes has been revised as follows;--
To Chungking Every Tuesday and Thursday at 8.30 DJD.
To Shanghai-very Friday at 8.50
To: Canton Every Monday,
interest your "Army
at
Distribution Of Old Clothes
THE RELIEF OFFICE OF CIVIL AFFAIRS IS NOW SITUATED IN THE HONG KONG CLUB, WHERE WITH THE MORE SPACIOUS ACCOMMODATION EXTORTION CHARGE
IT WILL NOW BE ABLE TO DEAL WITH A GREA- TER NUMBER OF APPLICANTS, DAILY, Inspector Roy Lanc Fernandez
The distribution is supervised The present promises present again onneared before Mr. W. H. Latimer yesterday on a charge of by members of the Salvation a very business-like appearance extortion. Mr. R. S. Smith, who Army and among these are Mr. and the shelves are neatly stock prosecuted, agreed to bail of Mufit, Mrs, Wallace, Major and ed with clothing well folded.
1000, Mr. M. A. da Silva was Mrs. Waller, Captain and Mrs. representing the accused.
A week's remand was granted.
*
AB
and
Godkin and Mr. Peacock.
Accused while the
had
dagger. Another Chinese gunman, Cheung Chung. was sentenced to
two years hard labour by Mr. Latimer for unlawful possession of a loaded 38 S. & W. Tevolver. Sykes pro- Detective-Inspector
sccuted.
For the theft of a tin of Hor- lek's milk powiler from the China Provident Gedown, Yuen Tang was sentenced to four weeks' imprisonment by Mr. C. Y. Kwan at the Summary Mili- tary Court yesterday.
THE "STAR" FERRY COMPANY, LIMITED
NOTICE
About, 600 bales of old cloth- ing will have to be disposed of
16th and at the moment there are
Commencing Saturday, about 16,000 applicants on the March, 1046, the following revised waiting list to be dealt with. It schudole will come into operation: is understood that for the pre-
In addition to the above there is a staff of 30 workers mostly young wine-merchant named Wong Man-hong, of 1 from the Rosary Hill centre.
Distribution started three
sent no new app:lentions will be From Kowloon Salvation article on as tolerant and as moral a life sa Gleancaly, was saying goodbys 40
6.30 a.m. and every 15 minutes especially they without being forced to pay his girlfriend outside her house weeks ago at Messrs. La received.
can be hypo- at 68, Rohingtong yesterday to Crawford and up to date nearly Each applicant receives on an
until 10.30 pm. those who, lil os sont civil critical lip-service to Him in was pushed into doorway by two 4,000 people have been attended average 14 garments and every
like myself, signed on what for him.
inen armed with revolvera
10.30 pm, and every 30 minutes life we no longer suffer from the church.
They bacaped to. In the new premises it is endeavour is made to see that.
unt 48,80 a.m. hoped to be able to deal with the clothing fis as near as pos- delusion that a man who does not, And if I am that man and it robbed of $840,
three to four hundred a day. Bible and thus labour and ex- From Hongkong go to Ohurch is, ipso facto, au for reasons which am incanable before he could raise the alagaan Atheist and a most immoral per of understanding. He should stik
About flity emphane of Before any distributing can pense in alteration fa saved, on. In civil life, one's religion, is see fit to punish me what bust- now personal matters in the news is that of any man ather French Convent who were taken be done the clothing has to be in the early stages the tickets to Maono shortly after the Jewels sorted, into different categories were blackmarketed for $80 but Services it is still on the lines of than myself?
ese sccupation of Hong Kong and alsee. This in, Itself entails the price has now dropped down being repatriated by the "FqQY.
found In Aliale 2004
lance of officials, Navy, and its doo to urin as a lot of work, as all kinds are to less that $30 due to the vigi 2.30 pm tomorrow de
"on the left, quick march.” -ly
I was brought up as a Christian
SA DEMOBBED.
- Wednesday, and. Friday at 8.30 To-darn my belles can beat hạt P/O, RN-Your letter is leg!-
summed up in a word which Berbis, Also no basiemaELAZI
the
- 6,45 mm. and avery 15 minutes.
until 10.45 pm. 10.45 p.m. and every 80 minutes.
until 00.45 mm Hong Kong, 14th March, 1946.