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THE CHINA MAIL, AUGUST 15, 1941.
SUPERIOR FIRE R.A.F. SUCCESS SECRET
A FIGHTER PILOT WHO FOUGHT THROUGH THE “BATTLE OF BRITAIN” LAST AUTUMN WAS ASKED WHAT FACTOR MORE THAN ANY OTHER MADE THE R.A.F. VICTORY POSSIBLE. HE RE- PLIED BRIEFLY: “SUPERIOR GUNFIRE.”
When five or six years ago, the British Air Min- istry presented the aircraft industry with specifica- tions for an eight-gun fighter capable of at least 350 m.p.h., it represented a demand which Sir Archi- bald Sinclair, Minister of Air, described as "one of the great decisions in the history of the war." The results were the Supermarine Spitfire and the Hurricane.
The
Experience has led
one to many with
shell
blew hit. modifications in armament and Messerschmitt into small pieces design. After their aircraft in in the air. the early days of the war had shreds, been literally ripped to
"From dead astern I fired very the Germans began to place pro- deliberately with my cannon, he tective armouring at the tails of said. It exploded in front of me their machines, behind the pilot's like a bursting A. A. shell, seats, round the engines and in bits were simply dripping out of other vulnerable places. They the sky. Of all the pieces falling also introduced the self-sealing around me there wasn't one I petrol tank. As a result of these could recognise as any part of protections the R.A.F. adopted an aeroplane." different tacties. New angles of approach were sought; fre was concentrated on different points of the enemy's aircraft; and the cannon gun was introduced.
Broadly speaking there are three main categories of aircraft wea- pons rifle calibre machine-guns, shell firing machine-guns, and
cannon.
Magnificent Performance
#1
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Precisely what armament carried by the R.A.F.'s types of fighters is a closely guarded secret, but it is known that British designers have suc- coaded in increasing the num- ber of guna on fighters without sacrificing anything in the way
HEAVY
PRICE PAID
Some idea of the heavy price in blood that Ger- many has already paid for her invasion of Soviet |Russia is given by figures of Nazi losses published in Moscow yesterday,
These figures, by no means com- plete, show that one tank, corps, 11 divisions and 13 regiments have been wiped out, while 21 divisions have lost more than half their effectives.
The struggle for Smolensk which, lasting over three weeks. gave Marshal Timoshenko time firmly to establish new positions, was part of this price.
The Germans will not find it easy to replace their slaughtered effectives. Reuter.
CONSTRUCTION OF AMERICAN
NAVAL BASES
of aircraft performance, and Latest reports show In addition various forms of that the construction of United States army and
calinon are being fitted.
cases entirely sacrificed their
The Germans have in many naval bases in Jamaica The principle rifle calibre multiple machine-guns for the is going ahead rapidly. machine-gun used by the R.A.F. sake of two or three cannon. In At Fort Simmonds military re- is the American-designed Brown- doing so they have met with dif-servation the first phase of clear- ing, a belt-fed gun capable of ficulty in overcoming the necessity ing, grading and construction firing 1,200 rounds a minute. Thus for a heavier aircraft construction work is nearing completion. in the "Battle of Britain" the due to recoil. On the other hand This fort, named after the great eight Brownings with which Spit- British designers have managed American soldier, will be used fires were equipped, together to incorporate these guns, as they as an army and air base and will developed nearly 10,000 rounds have the ordinary machine-guns, support the naval base which a minute... equal to the en.without sacrificing anything in United States naval engineers are tire fire-power of an infantry the way of speed or manoeuvra- | building at Galleon Harbour, brigade in 1914. The effective bility.
Portland Bight. range of these Brownings is up!
Thorough precautions have been to 1,000 yards, but most fighter The value of shell-firing guns taken against disease. A large pilots wil seldom open fire till lies chiefly in the fact that their labour battalion under the direc- within 500 yards of their target. effective range is considerably tion of Captain Heffernon, United The eight guns are usually adjust- more than the bullet-firing guns. States Army, has been working ed to converge in a cone of fire Moreover, Atted with armour upon general improvement of at 250 yards.
piercing heads, the shells are more sanitation and measures against destructive, and, because of their mosquitoes to reduce the risk of A secondary weapon is the flatter trajectory, more accurate. malaria. Vickers machine-gun. This, But this does not mean that the though slower firing, is extre-British are abandoning shells that mely reliable, largely by reason are more destructive, and, still re- of its simple design. :
main the most effective weapon for short range attacks.
The modern shell-firing guns are a development of the weapon fitted to his 'plane by George Guynemer, the French ace, in the Great War. They are mostly off t a. bore between 20 and 23 mm l- as against: the 303 inch - calibre!
• Nazis Lag Behind British
Subsidiary railway lines have been constructed to solve trans- port difficulties in connection with haulage of building materials and equipment British Wireless.
STANLEY
RAE. -bombers are almost as PRISONER
of the rifle calibre machine-guns, "well able to take care of them-.
The American Cannon
selves as their fighters. For their -
protection they depend in most ESCAPES
casea on a power-operated turret
OF
Performance details of the Bri- placed either at the tail of the EFFORTS ARE BEING - MADE tish shell-firing guns are secret. aircraft, as in the Wellington and but the German Rheinmetall Whitley, or midway on the fuse-BY THE POLICE TO RE-AR- Borsig 23 mm. fires 470 rounds a lage, as in the Blenheim, with at REST A YOUNG PRISONER minute, and the Swiss Oerlikon least one other gun, fixed WHO ESCAPED WHILE WORK- of 20 m.m. bore has a slightly movable, in the nose.
VING OUTSIDE THE STANLEY greater rate of fire, while the
PRISON YESTERDAY. French 23 m.m. Hispano-Suiza
In this device lies the chief rea. The youth, described as a "moteur-canon" has a rate of 400 son for the greater success: Bri-"young offender" was assigned to 500 rounds a minute.“
7 tish bombers have had in dealing with a party of other prisoners, to with enemy fighters as compared work near the St. Stephen's Boys: The only gun in the cannon with Nazi bombers against our College recreation ground yester.- category of which details are fighters. It is significant that the day morning. known is the American 37 mm. Germans are now designing bom- At about 12.45 pm when the gun. It has two versions, the bars capable of taking a power-party was about to return to the short-barrel defensive type, which operated turret,
Prison for their lunch the lad was not present to answer the roll-
can be fitted to any standard
power-operated turret, and the But in this, as in other weapons, call. long barrel offensive type, which the Nazis lag behind the British. is fixed in a block mounting to The armament of British new the nose of the aircraft. bombers is like that of their en The effective range of the short fighters, a secret. But it is khown barrel versions is 600 yards and that. in both armouring, and wea- it fires: 120 rounds a minute, the pons they are batter equipped long barrel version fires 85 rounds than the new German bombers. minute with an effective range Fighter for fighter-and- aber:
CUTTING THROUGH RED TAPE
of nearly 1,200 yards. :-The de- for bomber Britain is intain-(SPECIAL TO “GHINA MAIL”) signers claim that this weapon is ing over the Germans the · sup Mr the smallest calibre gun capable eriority fir armament which has of the of destroying an aircraft with already served her so well. one hit re
Blew Up In Pieces
gemer
defences"
Director
Production Man
yesterday that
already safes
erică
This factor combined with a guarded
lust the pro- superiority in speed, alfitude" and bability.
ombing und manoeuvrability, and a higher urged the cutting of Government. How successful the British, gun, morale and degree of skill among red tape to speed production to hòs been in the hands of: R.A.F. British air crewa... promises some double: that of any other country fighters is illustrated by the story grievous headaches for the Luft- by next ̈·· July, International of "the 21-year-old i pilot who, waffe in the near future.
News Service.