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THE CHINA! MAIL, AUGUST 11) 1941.
AN ASIATIC SLANT ON THE RUSSIAN
WAR
(By Edwin Haward, Adviser on Indian Affairs to the Far Eastern Bureau British Ministry of Information, and former Editor of the "North-China Daily News.")
IN INDIA A FORTNIGHT AGO, I WAS MUCH IMPRESSED BY THE QUICKENING OF INDIAN CONCERN IN THE WAR AS A DIRECT RESULT OF THE OUTBREAK IN IRAQ. ON ALL SIDES I HEARD THE COMMENT: "THE WAR IS INDEED BROUGHT CLOSER TO INDIA.”
Since my return, the invasion of Russia by Ger- many has occurred. That, too, has come as a dis- tinct shock to opinion in India for remember, that means that a country now fighting on the side of Great Britain and India is actually one of India's neighbours.
Calcutta to Sunla
of munitions and ancillary sup- plies required by the modern army. She is a member of the Eastern Group Supply Couocil in which her central position gives her special importance.
The three Dominions of New South Zealand, Australia. and Africa, are represented or this Council as well as Ind. It is presided over by Sh Archibald Carter as representative of the United Kingdom. Although for- merly Permanent Secretary to the Admiralty, he is no stranger to | India. In earlier days he was the Secretary-general to the In- dian Round Table Conference in London, and he toured India with the Simon Commission,
The Supply Department direct- ing India's activities in response If you look at map you will with the men who undertake the to the call of the Supply Coun- perceive that Russian and Indian] defence of their country.
ell gives a great impetus to the boundaries are co-terminous in the lofty Pamir
To passing let me give you a development of Indian industries Plateau, the
glimpse of my own recent ex- In wartime. In the long run, It eastern end of the Hindu Kush perance as I journeyed through will be found to have made a forming a natural barrier. Just
India this month in the height of notable contribution to the per- as the war cloud in Iraq stimul-
the hot weather. Two and a manent advancement of India, as ated activity in India, 50 the half days' railway journey from one of the big industrial coun- outbreak of hostilities between Russia and Germany brings India
gives you a tries of the world. into direct territorial contact with very good idea of social relation- is none of the ships, for there the present struggle. Its reac-stiffness and awkardness of the tions further east moreover huve atmosphere in an English railway a vital interest for India.
carriage. At once passengers get Of India's war effort it is suf- down to tackling in concert the ficient to say that, despite the asperities of high temperatures, unhappy spectre of internal poli- the ordeal of constant intrusions tical controversy, linked with of dust, and the accumulations equally unhappy communal ten- of luggage. sion, India as a whole is un- shakeably determined to throw her resources of materials and
man power fully into the defence
Sheer, Cold Courage
Excellent Relations
Whether the class be first,
The
arc
This brief resume shows that India has solid reasons for standing on her defence. achievements recorded worth protection against the onslaught of the Nazi horden whose gangster leaders sack world dominance, wite the ob ject of suppressing all economic and social Institutions which do not contribute directly and ex- clusively to their own Insensate repacity.
Russia has been compelled for
Not A New Story
against Turkey,
it
was well
of the Empire. Of that, magni-¦ second, intermediate, or third, the the sake of her own independence ficent earnest has been afforded comradeship is the same, so when to take up arms against the in- in Africa where Indian
troops I started from Calcutta by nearly | vader, and Russia knows full have covered themselves with missing the train and spending well that one of the motives be- glory.
the first hour with some English-hind this German aggression is The other day in the "Straits men in the wrong carriage, the desire to spread out the Times," General Heath paid a
managed very soon to get into tentacles of Nazism into the heart striking tribute
with them. to the achieve conversation
On of Asia. ments of the Indian forces and changing to my proper carriage their British comrades under his where my derelict luggage had command in Abyssinia and Libya. been deposited, I found myself To that story there is little to companioned by a young Indian To India that story is not new. add, seeing the authority which it Cavalry captain whose uncle was In the last war, German influ- bore. The news columns of the a very famous Indian politician, ence was exceedingly strong in press as well as the radio bul- a rising young Indian official of the Middle East while the Ex- letins have been eloquent of late a Government department, and a peditionary Force from India was on this subject.
wealthy Calcutta businessman, operating in what was then from Rajputana. The readiness known as Mesopotamia. India's with which we managed to dis- South Persian Cordon had to be cuss the war, internal politics thrown out to protect that force's As you know, the Indian Army and air-raid possibilities and the right flank and to keep the line communication clear with which is now fighting in Africu. lighter side of Indian life afford-of Iraq and Syria and now prepared me concrete proof of the ex-India. ed in India and Malayu to resist cellence of the relations now Although the Mesopotamia aggression, differs in one respect existing between Indians and campaign was directly launched from the Indian Army of the last Englishmen. war. Since that war a new type Nor was this achieved by re- known that Germany had had an of officer has entered the Indian ficence. The weaknesses and eye on the establishment of rail Army. In recognition of the gal- peculiarities of public
between Berlin and pri- communications lantry of Indian forces so vate individuals
and Baghdad and consequently were discussed many fronts, in 1914-18 the King quite freely.
she took an active interest in the Emperor approved the grant of
Persian Gulf. The Kaiser's idea The Indian soldier, the sym in other words was to draw off his commissions to Indians who
bol of the new at first were
dispensation, the traffic from the sea route to trained at Sand-
was as keen on his profession India hurst and since 1932 have been
as a useful additional trained at the Indian Military
as any young officer of his type beneft in securing German as- would be, and he showed him-cendency at Istanbul and 'conse- Academy at Dehra Dun,
self also to be extraordinarilyquently German mastery over - well-informed on world affairs. Asia Minor and the Middle East. The official was jealous of the Now, I am not going to "sug- ducts - a former Dehra Dun reputation of his department and gest that in making war on Rus- cadet, younger brother of an gave reasons for Indian King's Commissioned Off- that, it was rendering useful ser- mind. It is
his conviction sia, Herr Hitler has all this in cer, now serving in Malaya, had vice. The merchant, besides con- looking to the
likely that won the first Indian V.C. of this trolling a great business, was, objective of crushing England war by a deed of bravery which, doing public work as his Commanding Officer said, mander of one of Calcutta's civic ence last year
as the com- from the air to which his experi- showed that the for sheer cold courage could not guards units. Incidentally, the elimination of any threat..from be beaten. That and other awards other two twitted him with con Russia is a condition precedent. have afforded sterling proof that gratulations on the possibility Still, Hitler rules in Berlin as the the reputation of India's fighting that His semi-military activities Kaiser did and at his disposal are men for professional skill and might deprive him of the cor some of the Middle Eastern ex- indomitable valour, is being well poreal burden which in 'India | perts with whom we had to maintained by the Indian Army often has to be
• carried by the contend in the last war.
Not Negligible Factor
on
The other day it was announc- ed that one of these new pro-
of to-day:
-Particularly noticeable in "the cold official accounts of' these exploita is the remarkablo Initiative displayed by Indian officers and men of all ranks.
Pride Of India
man of wealth.
Industrial War Effort
The prowess of the Indian Army and the excellence of its trianing are not surprising for in one way or another, some part of the Army in India is always on Time and again, it is shown active service! Between .1 the that the Subadar, Jamadar, the Armistice of 1918 and the out Nalk and even the doughty. Sepoy break of the present war in have taken critical decisions on September 1989, only two Vic- their own account and carried out toria Crosses were won. They those decisions with success and both went to the Indian Army. 'confident courage.
Ishar Singh of the 28th: Punjabis
he is
more immediate
Rússla is by a no means negligible factor in the Middle East Readere of Victorian novela will remember that the rising young politician in the House of Commons was usually: depicted as having made good his claim to be the futurd Prime Minister by a formidable spooch on Russian polloys in Persia or even closer to India" than that:
To-day, what was Persin, a
An army which can record in 1921 received the decoration next door neighbour of India, is such achievements is an army of for gallantry in Waziristan. Iran, governed by a forceful Shah which India can be justly proud. About four or five years ago, a who rose from the ranks in the This pride should be the greater young subaltern named Meynell Persian Army and eventually re- because with the mechanisation of the Guides, was posthumously placed the effee regime of which of units in modern warfare the awarded the Victoria Cross for the last representative was the basis of recruitment has been outstanding bravery in operations late Sultan Ahmed Shah. Reza broadened, — and remember. re- further north on the frontier. Shah Pablovi, hus overhauled, the ́cruitment of the Indian Army is Supporting this Army in the whole of the Iran administration voluntary and always has been field is the industrial war effort and now there is a railway from thus bringing the people of in which, India is grently speed- the Caspian Son to the Persian India Into even closer association ing up her production of all kinds ·(Continued on Paga 8)