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THE CHINA MAIL, JUNE 15, 1940
MIRROR OF WORLD OPINION
THE SPIRIT OF THE
LOW COUNTRIES
out.
superfluous.. Both will perform an Indispensable' function as scouts, ob- servers, and garrisons of vantage points, whether buildings or military dumps, which the enemy would be likely to attack at once. But the re- pulse of an invasion requires also forces of a different kind-both dis- persed forces able to take immediate local
measures and larger mobile forces at central points ready for early subsequent action.
+
the
No
The hard thing, said Burke, is not to make a Government but to make a free Government. Germany has made the first, building a Government, as Tacitus would say, on robbery, mur der, and rapine; the peoples of the Low Countries have made the second,
No doubt the framing and training creating self-respecting societies
of the Regular troops at home for of the most troublesome diversities of home defence full within the new race, religion, and history. That is province of General Ironside. why Holland and Belgium have some- doubt it will also be his duty to carry out such obvious precautions as the thing to give to Europe, though their redistribution, where necessary, of united populations are less than seven- formed units,
organization of teen millions, that Hitler and his special fighting units at military in- structional centres, the provision of huge armies and his vast conquests
increased mobility for the troops de- can never give her. They have car- signed to deal with invasion, the ar- parties, of ried into modern life the habits and rangement of demolition the culture that gave such a special supplies of demolition materials at or near places where danger may be value to the rich vitality of the City expected, and so on. Moreover Gen- TEL. 20016. State of the Middle Ages and the Re- eral Ironside will be assisted in the task by the new naissance. In Nazi Germany, on the discharge of this other hand, all the great traditions of energy which the whole nation is put- ting into the provision of military those creative ages have been sub- supplies. That is indeed the key to merged in the mass violence of a rac- success both here and in other opera- ial passion that would have seemed tions. For it is abundantly clear that all along the line machine must be barbarous to the Roman Empire. In countered by machine, aeroplane by their gallant struggle Holland and Bel aeroplane, gun by gun, tank by tank, gium are defending quality against and even lorry by lorry. Men without machines cannot stem the onset of quantity, art against. force, the manly men with machines, nor develop the. dignity of free peoples against the immediate offensive action which is brutal might of a servile State.
neccessary to success. If the fire their to manhandle brigade have Gibbon once reflected with satis-
pumps and hoses to the scene of the faction that in future wars the civil- fire they will arrive too late to put it ised man would be armed against bar out.
In all these ways there is a place barians by the discoveries of science.
and a purpose for a Commander-in- He never foresaw a time when the
Chief of the Home Forces with no gifts of science would be in the hands more powers than that post already of the barbarians, To-day man's un- carries with it; but very much more is required. Parachute descents are happy skill in invention has put such not the only form
of attack which power into the machine that against may be attempted, and indeed the the man who uses it without scruple Germans have invariably used them and without mercy the bravest soldier as a part of a much larger operation. The repelling of an invasion is there- is like Swift's man in a shirt, strug fore quite likely to call into play both gling with ten men armed. For years sea and air forces as well as the Army. Germany has spent all her strength in There are also measures to be taken creating machines of destruction and on land which hardly seem to fit into in teaching her people savage man- the present functions of the Com- ners. Against all this mass terror the mander-in-Chief of the Home Forces. friends of freedom have now to sum- It is only necessary to consider some mon all the resources of the human of the precautions that are a com- spirit. Fortunately the peoples of the monplace in other countries with fron- Low Countries have courage and ten- tiers to defend and will certainly be acity in their blood and their history., no novelty to the defence authorities They will bring these qualities to the here. For example, it may become defence of the civilised life of Europe. necessary to declare in good time some -"Daily Telegraph."
part of the island an "army zone" on the French model. The evacuation, partial or otherwise, of the civil po- pulation from such a zone may be deemed desirable, not merely for their own safety but to ensure the utmost speed and freedom of military action. Military co-operation with, or control of, transportation by rail and road would also figure in this pro- The appointment of Sir Edmund gramme. It would be easy to extend Ironside, hitherto Chief of the Im- the list, but the briefest reflection will perial General Staff, to succeed Sir show the variety of activities that Walter Kirke as Commander-in-Chief home defence must correlate and com- of the Home Forces is officially no prise. There must be a corresponding
one than a change of
of au- mi- unification and centralization litary afficer for another. No doubt thority. Unity of purpose and policy the appointment of a soldier of such in the home defence command will eminence does mark definitely the entail the possession of the power, and special attention which has to be paid of a combined staff, to direct both the to the defence of these islands, and military and air forces available for should point to the reorganization home defence, the naval and auxiliary and completion of military plans for coastal defences, the Civil Defence territorial security. But it is clearly Commissioners, the police, and the essential that the powers of which a Local Defence Volunteers; and director of home defence is to dispose should be directly responsible, not to must be equal to his responsibilities: any one of the Service Departments, Naturally the defence must be entrust- but to the Minister of Defence, who ed in the main to Regular troops, for is, it will be remembered, the Prime it would be absurd to suppose that the Minister. All this points to the crea- Local Defence Volunteers now being tion of a different kind of post than formed, or even the Home Defence any which yet exists. battalions now being increased, could Preparedness in this sense does not conduct the swift and overwhelming and must not involve any excessive
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form of defence against any kind of lalands. The first object of greater either of the two auxiliary forces is for operations oversea "The Times,"
THE CHINA MAIL, JUNE 15, 1940
HOW GERMAN TANK COLUMNS ADVANCED
MOTOR-CYCLES LED THE WAY: LORRIES SCATTER REFUGEE CROWDS
(By A Special Correspondent)
London, May 25.
IT IS NOW POSSIBLE for me to describe the methods adopted by the Germans in their motorised advance from Cambrai and Bapaume towards the Somme and later towards the Channel.
Squadrons of armoured motor-cycles and side-cars moved in half-mile spurts at top speed, slowed down or stopped, and then sent scouting cycles along side roads.
The motor-cycles were followed by -lorries full of troops and ambulances travelling at a moderate pace. These columns went along without any regard
6 ANTHEMS
for the French and Belgian refugees TOOK 7
who crowded the roads. Every man in uniform was a target for their machine-guns.
Heavy tanks accompanied by 10 or 12 vehicles. fitted with caterpillar tractors were driven across the fields lying between the two main roads.
Last Tuesday morning 32 Germans, in one lorry and two motor-cycle combinations, reached the mouth of the Somme at St. Valery-sur-Somme, but they had to clear out later.
About seven in the evening about 50 German 'planes began bombing Boulogne. For about three minutes the noise and the falling of masonry resembled the heavy artillery bar- rages of the last war.
I was on top of the hill on the Marquise-Boulogne road, and the im- pression it made on me was exactly the same as that made by the heavy shell fire of 1914-1918.
AERODROME DEFENDED A French 'plane went up to in-
afterwards vestigate and soon
the aerodrome was strongly defended.
It was there that I met the first British supply lorry. It was one of a convoy of four which set out from Boulogne. The three others were destroyed by bombs.
MINUTES
"Ladies and gentlemen, the Allies!" Before the B.B.C. began their news bulletin recently, they followed his an- different National Anthems. nouncement with the playing of six
This musical interlude took seven minutes.
The anthems played were those of Britain, France, Poland, Norway, Hol- land and Belgium..
"We decided to precede the news bulletins on Sundays with the Na- tional Anthems of the Allies," a B.B.C. official told a reporter.
"If we get many more invasions we'll have to have a special 'National Anthem' programme.
PARENTS CAUSE FIVE C. O. TEACHERS TO
BE SACKED
Parents in the Isle of Ely (Cambs) have refused to have their sons taught by teachers registered as conscientious objectors.
L
The bombs had knocked slx big holes in the lorry and its radlafor was leaking. The right side of the
A. written demand for the instant driver's helmet was shattered. HIG main concern seemed to be to his dismissal of two masters caused dis- destination at St. Omer, about 20 organisation in one school-but 'miles away, and to find at six-masters go in June.
There are three schools involved, and five masters have been given notice.
mile Intervals two. gallons of water with which to replenish the radla- tor.
The driver gave me a lift which en- abled me to reach Calais in time to get on board a small cargo boat bound for England.
or
Once in the Channel the 300 more refugees in the steamer experi- -enced a feeling of absolute security. Not only was the sea controlled by British and French naval craft, but the sky also was entirely commanded by the British.
AIR MASTERY Everybody could 'see' and under- stand why the losses of the German bombers was BO considerable. The British aviation controlled the sea all around the coast with an efficiency equal to the control of the Navy.
Among the refugees who, like me, had to fly from the vicinity of Boulo- gne to escape the bombers and the motorised troops. the impression was general: Great Britain is the impre- gnable Allied, fortress if she can meet the menace of the parachutists and of the Fifth Column..
SPANISH - FLEET 70 MILES EAST OF GIB...
"
at
The Spanish fleet, which has lately been at Palma, Majorca, arrived Malaga, about seventy miles east of Gibraltar, where it is remaining for an unlimited period...
Although the movements of the Fleet were kept secret, it was believ- ed it would shortly visit. Ceuta.or Algeciras, which is across the bay from the Rock-Associated Press.
the